AU569167B2 - Creación de Inventos y Patentes con Inteligencia Artificial

AU569167B2 – Transparent non-vitreous ceramic microspheres
– Google Patents

AU569167B2 – Transparent non-vitreous ceramic microspheres
– Google Patents
Transparent non-vitreous ceramic microspheres

Info

Publication number
AU569167B2

AU569167B2
AU45661/85A
AU4566185A
AU569167B2
AU 569167 B2
AU569167 B2
AU 569167B2
AU 45661/85 A
AU45661/85 A
AU 45661/85A
AU 4566185 A
AU4566185 A
AU 4566185A
AU 569167 B2
AU569167 B2
AU 569167B2
Authority
AU
Australia
Prior art keywords
microspheres
micrometers
lens elements
retroreflective
ceramic microspheres
Prior art date
1984-09-24
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)

Ceased

Application number
AU45661/85A
Other versions

AU4566185A
(en

Inventor
Roger Wayne Lange
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)

3M Co

Original Assignee
Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
1984-09-24
Filing date
1985-07-31
Publication date
1988-01-21

1985-07-31
Application filed by Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Co
filed
Critical
Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Co

1986-04-10
Publication of AU4566185A
publication
Critical
patent/AU4566185A/en

1988-01-21
Application granted
granted
Critical

1988-01-21
Publication of AU569167B2
publication
Critical
patent/AU569167B2/en

2005-07-31
Anticipated expiration
legal-status
Critical

Status
Ceased
legal-status
Critical
Current

Links

Espacenet

Global Dossier

Discuss

Classifications

B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING

B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY

B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES

B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites

C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY

C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES

C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE

C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products

C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics

C04B35/48—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on zirconium or hafnium oxides, zirconates, zircon or hafnates

C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY

C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY

C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C

C01B13/00—Oxygen; Ozone; Oxides or hydroxides in general

C01B13/14—Methods for preparing oxides or hydroxides in general

C01B13/32—Methods for preparing oxides or hydroxides in general by oxidation or hydrolysis of elements or compounds in the liquid or solid state or in non-aqueous solution, e.g. sol-gel process

C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY

C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY

C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C

C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof

C01B33/113—Silicon oxides; Hydrates thereof

C01B33/12—Silica; Hydrates thereof, e.g. lepidoic silicic acid

C01B33/16—Preparation of silica xerogels

C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY

C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY

C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F

C01G23/00—Compounds of titanium

C01G23/04—Oxides; Hydroxides

C01G23/047—Titanium dioxide

C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY

C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY

C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F

C01G25/00—Compounds of zirconium

C01G25/02—Oxides

C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY

C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES

C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE

C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products

C04B35/14—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silica

C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY

C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES

C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE

C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products

C04B35/46—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on titanium oxides or titanates

C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY

C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES

C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE

C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products

C04B35/481—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on zirconium or hafnium oxides, zirconates, zircon or hafnates containing silicon, e.g. zircon

C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY

C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES

C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE

C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products

C04B35/49—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on zirconium or hafnium oxides, zirconates, zircon or hafnates containing also titanium oxides or titanates

C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY

C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES

C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE

C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products

C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products

C04B35/624—Sol-gel processing

C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY

C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR

C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS

C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black

C09C1/0009—Pigments for ceramics

C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY

C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR

C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black

C09C1/0009—Pigments for ceramics

C09C1/0012—Pigments for ceramics containing zirconium and silicon

E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS

E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES

E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE

E01F9/00—Arrangement of road signs or traffic signals; Arrangements for enforcing caution

E01F9/50—Road surface markings; Kerbs or road edgings, specially adapted for alerting road users

E01F9/506—Road surface markings; Kerbs or road edgings, specially adapted for alerting road users characterised by the road surface marking material, e.g. comprising additives for improving friction or reflectivity; Methods of forming, installing or applying markings in, on or to road surfaces

E01F9/524—Reflecting elements specially adapted for incorporation in or application to road surface markings

C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY

C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY

C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS

C01P2004/00—Particle morphology

C01P2004/30—Particle morphology extending in three dimensions

C01P2004/32—Spheres

C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY

C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY

C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS

C01P2004/00—Particle morphology

C01P2004/51—Particles with a specific particle size distribution

C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY

C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY

C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS

C01P2004/00—Particle morphology

C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size

C01P2004/61—Micrometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 micrometer

C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY

C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY

C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS

C01P2004/00—Particle morphology

C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size

C01P2004/64—Nanometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 nanometer

C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY

C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY

C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS

C01P2004/00—Particle morphology

C01P2004/80—Particles consisting of a mixture of two or more inorganic phases

C01P2004/82—Particles consisting of a mixture of two or more inorganic phases two phases having the same anion, e.g. both oxidic phases

C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY

C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY

C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS

C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds

C01P2006/21—Attrition-index or crushing strength of granulates

C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY

C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY

C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS

C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds

C01P2006/60—Optical properties, e.g. expressed in CIELAB-values

Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS

Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC

Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION

Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles

Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]

Y10T428/24355—Continuous and nonuniform or irregular surface on layer or component [e.g., roofing, etc.]

Y10T428/24372—Particulate matter

Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC

Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION

Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles

Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]

Y10T428/24355—Continuous and nonuniform or irregular surface on layer or component [e.g., roofing, etc.]

Y10T428/24372—Particulate matter

Y10T428/24413—Metal or metal compound

Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC

Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION

Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles

Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]

Y10T428/24355—Continuous and nonuniform or irregular surface on layer or component [e.g., roofing, etc.]

Y10T428/24372—Particulate matter

Y10T428/24421—Silicon containing

Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC

Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION

Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles

Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]

Y10T428/24355—Continuous and nonuniform or irregular surface on layer or component [e.g., roofing, etc.]

Y10T428/24372—Particulate matter

Y10T428/24421—Silicon containing

Y10T428/2443—Sand, clay, or crushed rock or slate

Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC

Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION

Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles

Y10T428/25—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles

Y10T428/252—Glass or ceramic [i.e., fired or glazed clay, cement, etc.] [porcelain, quartz, etc.]

Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC

Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION

Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles

Y10T428/25—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles

Y10T428/256—Heavy metal or aluminum or compound thereof

Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC

Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION

Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles

Y10T428/25—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles

Y10T428/256—Heavy metal or aluminum or compound thereof

Y10T428/257—Iron oxide or aluminum oxide

Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC

Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION

Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles

Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof

Y10T428/2982—Particulate matter [e.g., sphere, flake, etc.]

Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC

Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION

Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles

Y10T428/31—Surface property or characteristic of web, sheet or block

Abstract

Solid, transparent, non-vitreous, ceramic particles useful as lens elements in retroreflective pavement markings characterized by having:A. at least one metal oxide phase; andB. an average minimum dimension of more than 125 micrometers.These particles are formed by various sol gel techniques, one example of which is the chemical gelation of titania sols by first mixing with glacial acetic acid. then with ammonium acetate, followed by formation of microspheres in 2-ethylhexanol. Microspheres of this ceramic composition can have relatively large diameters (e.g. over 200-1000 micrometers) making them quite useful as retroreflective lens elements in pavement marking sheet materials.

AU45661/85A
1984-09-24
1985-07-31
Transparent non-vitreous ceramic microspheres

Ceased

AU569167B2
(en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number
Priority Date
Filing Date
Title

US06/653,779

US4564556A
(en)

1984-09-24
1984-09-24
Transparent non-vitreous ceramic particulate

US653779

1991-02-11

Publications (2)

Publication Number
Publication Date

AU4566185A

AU4566185A
(en)

1986-04-10

AU569167B2
true

AU569167B2
(en)

1988-01-21

Family
ID=24622274
Family Applications (1)

Application Number
Title
Priority Date
Filing Date

AU45661/85A
Ceased

AU569167B2
(en)

1984-09-24
1985-07-31
Transparent non-vitreous ceramic microspheres

Country Status (12)

Country
Link

US
(1)

US4564556A
(en)

EP
(1)

EP0177181B1
(en)

JP
(1)

JPH0721561B2
(en)

KR
(1)

KR930006570B1
(en)

CN
(1)

CN1015448B
(en)

AT
(1)

ATE85788T1
(en)

AU
(1)

AU569167B2
(en)

BR
(1)

BR8504371A
(en)

CA
(1)

CA1269216C
(en)

DE
(1)

DE3587099T2
(en)

HK
(1)

HK16695A
(en)

MX
(1)

MX165318B
(en)

Families Citing this family (128)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party

Publication number
Priority date
Publication date
Assignee
Title

US5041321A
(en)

1984-11-02
1991-08-20
The Boeing Company
Fiberformed ceramic insulation and method

JPH0745723B2
(en)

1984-10-22
1995-05-17
アトム化学塗料株式会社

High-brightness road marking sheet material

US5310592A
(en)

1984-11-02
1994-05-10
The Boeing Company
Fibrous ceramic aerobrake

AU581288B2
(en)

1985-03-01
1989-02-16
Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company
Flat transparent top coat for retroreflective coating

GB8514815D0
(en)

1985-06-12
1985-07-17
Robinson E
Porous inorganic materials

GB8515744D0
(en)

1985-06-21
1985-07-24
Glaverbel
Vitreous beads

US4772511A
(en)

1985-11-22
1988-09-20
Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company
Transparent non-vitreous zirconia microspheres

AU586300B2
(en)

1986-01-13
1989-07-06
Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company
Pavement markings containing transparent non-vitreous ceramic microspheres

JPS62211403A
(en)

1986-03-11
1987-09-17
アトム化学塗料株式会社
All-weather type sheet material for marking road surface

JP2594548B2
(en)

1986-07-18
1997-03-26
日本電気株式会社

Polarizing beam splitter

US4837069A
(en)

1987-01-07
1989-06-06
Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company
Transparent alumina microspheres

US4844976A
(en)

1987-03-09
1989-07-04
Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company
Retroreflective sheet coated with silica layer

US4988555A
(en)

1988-06-09
1991-01-29
Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company
Patterned pavement marking

US5094902A
(en)

1988-09-07
1992-03-10
Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company
Skid-resistant surface marking material

US5053253A
(en)

1988-09-07
1991-10-01
Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company
Skid-resistant pavement markings

US5124178A
(en)

1988-09-07
1992-06-23
Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company
Skid-resistant surface marking material

US4937127A
(en)

1988-09-07
1990-06-26
Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company
Skid-resistant pavement markings

DE3840196C1
(en)

1988-11-29
1990-04-12
Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen, De

US5352645A
(en)

1989-04-14
1994-10-04
E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company
Silica microspheres, method of improving attrition resistance and use

US5077117A
(en)

1990-04-05
1991-12-31
Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company
Pavement marking material with rupturing top layer

NO920755L
(en)

1991-03-01
1992-09-02
Osaka Gas Co Ltd

PROCEDURE FOR MEASURING FLUID FLOW

US5268337A
(en)

1991-11-18
1993-12-07
The Johns Hopkins University
Ceramic oxide powders and the formation thereof

US5650130A
(en)

1991-11-18
1997-07-22
The Johns Hopkins University
Counterflow diffusion flame synthesis of ceramic oxide powders

AU653892B2
(en)

1992-03-06
1994-10-13
Plastiroute S.A.
Reflective bodies made of transparent material to be applied on traffic surfaces or traffic guiding surfaces

DE69303882T2
(en)

1992-12-22
1997-03-06
Eastman Kodak Co

Process for the production of objects made of zirconium oxide with tetragonal cores and monoclinic coatings

US5480582A
(en)

1993-06-30
1996-01-02
Pope; Edward J. A.
Process for synthesizing amorphous silica microspheres with fluorescence behavior

JP4134159B2
(en)

1994-05-18
2008-08-13
大日本印刷株式会社

Anti-glare film

CA2147711C
(en)

1994-05-20
2005-08-16
James H. C. Harper
Retroreflective article with non-continuous top coat

US5417515A
(en)

1994-05-20
1995-05-23
Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company
Retroreflective article with dual reflector

CA2147821C
(en)

1994-05-20
2006-04-11
Thomas P. Hedblom
Patterned pavement markings with upright retroreflectors

US5750191A
(en)

1994-05-20
1998-05-12
Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company
Retroreflective elements

CA2147791A1
(en)

1994-05-20
1995-11-21
Kathleen A. Hachey
Retroreflective articles containing low levels of pigments

US5593246A
(en)

1994-08-26
1997-01-14
Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company
Patterned chalk-resistant pavement marking and method of making

US5674616A
(en)

1995-02-06
1997-10-07
Conversion Technologies International, Inc.
Glass beads having improved fracture toughness

US5576097A
(en)

1995-04-24
1996-11-19
Brite-Line Industries, Inc.
High brightness durable retro-reflecting microspheres and method of making the same

US6703108B1
(en)

1995-06-29
2004-03-09
3M Innovative Properties Company
Wet retroreflective marking material

US5676488A
(en)

1995-06-29
1997-10-14
Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company
Pavement marking with multiple topcoats

US6451408B1
(en)

1995-06-29
2002-09-17
3M Innovative Properties Company
Retroreflective article

JP3717938B2
(en)

1995-06-29
2005-11-16
ミネソタマイニングアンドマニュファクチャリングカンパニー

Wet retroreflective marker material

US5631064A
(en)

1995-09-15
1997-05-20
Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company
Retroreflective transfer sheet and applique

US5674605A
(en)

1995-09-15
1997-10-07
Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company
Retroreflective transfer sheet and applique

US5911975A
(en)

1995-10-13
1999-06-15
Colgate-Palmolive Company
Antiperspirant and deodorant compositions containing poly(ethenylformamide) thickening agent

AU5169396A
(en)

1996-02-05
1997-08-22
Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company
Layered retroreflective elements

US5774265A
(en)

1996-02-05
1998-06-30
Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company
Durable retroreflective elements

US6303058B1
(en)

1996-06-27
2001-10-16
3M Innovative Properties Company
Method of making profiled retroreflective marking material

US5723181A
(en)

1996-09-06
1998-03-03
E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company
Colloidal silica/zirconyl salt compositions as hydrophilizing coatings

US5777791A
(en)

1996-11-26
1998-07-07
Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company
Wet retroreflective pavement marking articles

JP3993269B2
(en)

1997-04-18
2007-10-17
スリーエムカンパニー

Transparent beads and method for producing the same

WO1998047830A1
(en)

1997-04-18
1998-10-29
Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company
Transparent beads and their production method

US5941655A
(en)

1997-07-16
1999-08-24
3M Innovative Properties Company
Direction-indicating pavement marking having raised protuberances and method of making

WO1999004099A1
(en)

1997-07-16
1999-01-28
Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company
Pavement marking having raised protuberances and method of making

US6228340B1
(en)

1997-08-25
2001-05-08
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Also Published As

Publication number
Publication date

CA1269216A
(en)

1990-05-22

CN85106679A
(en)

1987-03-25

CA1269216C
(en)

1990-05-22

JPH0721561B2
(en)

1995-03-08

CN1015448B
(en)

1992-02-12

ATE85788T1
(en)

1993-03-15

DE3587099T2
(en)

1993-07-15

EP0177181A2
(en)

1986-04-09

US4564556A
(en)

1986-01-14

EP0177181A3
(en)

1989-05-10

HK16695A
(en)

1995-02-10

KR860002438A
(en)

1986-04-26

JPS6186703A
(en)

1986-05-02

EP0177181B1
(en)

1993-02-17

BR8504371A
(en)

1986-07-08

AU4566185A
(en)

1986-04-10

KR930006570B1
(en)

1993-07-21

DE3587099D1
(en)

1993-03-25

MX165318B
(en)

1992-11-04

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