GB1289350A – – Google Patents
GB1289350A – – Google Patents
Info
Publication number
GB1289350A
GB1289350A
GB1289350DA
GB1289350A
GB 1289350 A
GB1289350 A
GB 1289350A
GB 1289350D A
GB1289350D A
GB 1289350DA
GB 1289350 A
GB1289350 A
GB 1289350A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
lattice
crystal
light
stress
tensorial
Prior art date
1968-09-13
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
1968-09-13
Filing date
1969-09-02
Publication date
1972-09-13
1969-09-02
Application filed
filed
Critical
1972-09-13
Publication of GB1289350A
publication
Critical
patent/GB1289350A/en
Status
Expired
legal-status
Critical
Current
Links
Espacenet
Global Dossier
Discuss
Classifications
G—PHYSICS
G02—OPTICS
G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
G02F1/03—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on ceramics or electro-optical crystals, e.g. exhibiting Pockels effect or Kerr effect
G02F1/05—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on ceramics or electro-optical crystals, e.g. exhibiting Pockels effect or Kerr effect with ferro-electric properties
G—PHYSICS
G02—OPTICS
G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
G02F1/29—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection
G02F1/31—Digital deflection, i.e. optical switching
H—ELECTRICITY
H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
H01G7/00—Capacitors in which the capacitance is varied by non-mechanical means; Processes of their manufacture
H01G7/02—Electrets, i.e. having a permanently-polarised dielectric
H01G7/025—Electrets, i.e. having a permanently-polarised dielectric having an inorganic dielectric
H—ELECTRICITY
H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
H01P1/22—Attenuating devices
H01P1/222—Waveguide attenuators
H—ELECTRICITY
H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
H03C—MODULATION
H03C7/00—Modulating electromagnetic waves
H03C7/02—Modulating electromagnetic waves in transmission lines, waveguides, cavity resonators or radiation fields of antennas
H03C7/022—Modulating electromagnetic waves in transmission lines, waveguides, cavity resonators or radiation fields of antennas using ferromagnetic devices, e.g. ferrites
Abstract
1289350 Light modulators; light deflectors HITACHI Ltd 2 Sept 1969 [13 Sept 1968] 43484/69 Heading H4F [Also in Division H1] Application of a mechanical stress above a critical value to a crystal of «ferro-elastic material», e.g. KDP, Pochelle Salt, vanadium dioxide, Gd 2 (MoO 4 ) 3 , results in the crystal lattice changing from its original form to an enantiomorph (there may be several such forms), with a consequent change in the even rank polar tensorial properties of the crystal e.g. lattice strain, both lattice forms being stable in the absence of imposed stress, as indicated by a squarish stress-lattice strain hysteresis loop, Fig. 2 (not shown). The mechanical stress may take the form of a compression or tension, or a shearing stress, depending on the type of crystal lattice, and the charge of lattice orientation is facilitated by short circuiting any electrostatic charges produced in the crystal surfaces e.g. the surfaces perpendicular to the z axis of Rochelle salt. Examples of second rank polar tensorial properties are refractivity, infra-red absorption, electric susceptibility, electrical and thermal conductivity, and coefficient of thermal expansion, while the modulus of elasticity and coefficient of electrostriction are fourth rank tensorial properties. A light shutter, Figs. 7a, 7b, comprises a cuboid 5 of KDP cut at 6 into two right angled prism portions 5 1 , 5 2 , which are fixed together again after depositing aluminium on the cut surfaces 6. Parts of sides 7 and 8 of the cube also have aluminium deposited on them. The element is kept at liquid nitrogen temperature and a light beam I enters and leaves the crystal through non-deposited portions of sides 7 and 8 as shown in Fig. 7a. Application of a pressure above the critical value to the side 8 and the opposite side charges the lattice structure and the shape of surface 6 and the beam I is thereby reflected at surfaces 6, 7 and 8, Fig. 7b., In a similar manner, by wholly silvering faces 8 and 6, and using the charge in dielectric constant to determine whether light is transmitted or reflected at the face 7, the element may be used to deflect light to either of two positions, Figs. 8a, 8b (not shown). Microwaves in a waveguide may be variably attenuated by including a gadolinium molybdate element in the guide, Figs. 4-6 (not shown). Charging the lattice from one state to another by applied pressure greater than the critical value changes the di. electric constant and reflectivity of the element. A series of such elements may be provided.
GB1289350D
1968-09-13
1969-09-02
Expired
GB1289350A
(en)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number
Priority Date
Filing Date
Title
JP43065586A
JPS4920915B1
(en)
1968-09-13
1968-09-13
Publications (1)
Publication Number
Publication Date
GB1289350A
true
GB1289350A
(en)
1972-09-13
Family
ID=13291243
Family Applications (1)
Application Number
Title
Priority Date
Filing Date
GB1289350D
Expired
GB1289350A
(en)
1968-09-13
1969-09-02
Country Status (6)
Country
Link
US
(1)
US3764197A
(en)
JP
(1)
JPS4920915B1
(en)
DE
(1)
DE1945649B2
(en)
FR
(1)
FR2018082A1
(en)
GB
(1)
GB1289350A
(en)
NL
(1)
NL152988B
(en)
Cited By (1)
* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number
Priority date
Publication date
Assignee
Title
GB2135050A
(en)
*
1983-02-10
1984-08-22
Hitachi Ltd
Optical electric-field measuring apparatus
Family Cites Families (3)
* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number
Priority date
Publication date
Assignee
Title
US1694661A
(en)
*
1928-12-11
of berlin
US3539244A
(en)
*
1966-08-23
1970-11-10
Sperry Rand Corp
Electromagnetic radiation deflection apparatus employing electro-optic or electro-acoustical devices
US3586415A
(en)
*
1968-03-30
1971-06-22
Hitachi Ltd
Light modulator element
1968
1968-09-13
JP
JP43065586A
patent/JPS4920915B1/ja
active
Pending
1969
1969-09-02
GB
GB1289350D
patent/GB1289350A/en
not_active
Expired
1969-09-09
DE
DE19691945649
patent/DE1945649B2/en
not_active
Withdrawn
1969-09-11
NL
NL696913860A
patent/NL152988B/en
not_active
IP Right Cessation
1969-09-12
FR
FR6931216A
patent/FR2018082A1/fr
not_active
Withdrawn
1971
1971-07-28
US
US00166663A
patent/US3764197A/en
not_active
Expired – Lifetime
Cited By (1)
* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number
Priority date
Publication date
Assignee
Title
GB2135050A
(en)
*
1983-02-10
1984-08-22
Hitachi Ltd
Optical electric-field measuring apparatus
Also Published As
Publication number
Publication date
JPS4920915B1
(en)
1974-05-28
US3764197A
(en)
1973-10-09
NL152988B
(en)
1977-04-15
NL6913860A
(en)
1970-03-17
DE1945649A1
(en)
1970-03-26
DE1945649B2
(en)
1972-01-20
FR2018082A1
(en)
1970-05-29
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Legal Events
Date
Code
Title
Description
1973-01-24
PS
Patent sealed [section 19, patents act 1949]
1986-05-08
PCNP
Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee
