GB1590574A – Biologically active gels
– Google Patents
GB1590574A – Biologically active gels
– Google Patents
Biologically active gels
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Publication number
GB1590574A
GB1590574A
GB3297176A
GB3297176A
GB1590574A
GB 1590574 A
GB1590574 A
GB 1590574A
GB 3297176 A
GB3297176 A
GB 3297176A
GB 3297176 A
GB3297176 A
GB 3297176A
GB 1590574 A
GB1590574 A
GB 1590574A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
gel
biologically active
inorganic
active component
feed solution
Prior art date
1976-08-06
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB3297176A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
UK Atomic Energy Authority
Original Assignee
UK Atomic Energy Authority
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
1976-08-06
Filing date
1976-08-06
Publication date
1981-06-03
1976-08-06
Application filed by UK Atomic Energy Authority
filed
Critical
UK Atomic Energy Authority
1976-08-06
Priority to GB3297176A
priority
Critical
patent/GB1590574A/en
1977-08-02
Priority to IE160877A
priority
patent/IE45648B1/en
1977-08-05
Priority to FR7724314A
priority
patent/FR2360345A1/en
1977-08-05
Priority to DE19772735392
priority
patent/DE2735392A1/en
1977-08-05
Priority to CH964777A
priority
patent/CH639869A5/en
1977-08-05
Priority to JP9403777A
priority
patent/JPS5320411A/en
1981-06-03
Publication of GB1590574A
publication
Critical
patent/GB1590574A/en
Status
Expired
legal-status
Critical
Current
Links
Espacenet
Global Dossier
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Classifications
B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
B01J2/02—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic by dividing the liquid material into drops, e.g. by spraying, and solidifying the drops
B01J2/06—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic by dividing the liquid material into drops, e.g. by spraying, and solidifying the drops in a liquid medium
B01J2/08—Gelation of a colloidal solution
A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
A01N25/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing liquids as carriers, diluents or solvents
A01N25/04—Dispersions, emulsions, suspoemulsions, suspension concentrates or gels
A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
A01N25/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing solids as carriers or diluents
A01N25/10—Macromolecular compounds
A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
A61K47/02—Inorganic compounds
A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
A61K9/14—Particulate form, e.g. powders, Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles
A61K9/16—Agglomerates; Granulates; Microbeadlets ; Microspheres; Pellets; Solid products obtained by spray drying, spray freeze drying, spray congealing,(multiple) emulsion solvent evaporation or extraction
A61K9/1605—Excipients; Inactive ingredients
A61K9/1611—Inorganic compounds
B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
B01J13/00—Colloid chemistry, e.g. the production of colloidal materials or their solutions, not otherwise provided for; Making microcapsules or microballoons
B01J13/0052—Preparation of gels
B01J13/0056—Preparation of gels containing inorganic material and water
Abstract
A biologically active gel is obtained by treating, in order to bring about gelatinisation, a starting solution which contains an inorganic species and a biologically active component, which during use is active or becomes active, so that an inorganic gel is produced by a sol-gel conversion and thus a biologically active gel is generated which contains the biologically active component, which during use is active or becomes active, distributed throughout the inorganic gel.
Description
(54) IMPROVEMENTS IN OR RELATING TO BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE GELS
(71) We, UNITED KINGDOM ATOMIC
ENERGY AUTHORITY, London, a British
Authority, do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement: The present invention relates to biologically active gels and the preparation thereof and finds one application in relation to the preparation of pharmaceutical gels.
According to one aspect of the present invention there is provided a process for the preparation of a biologically active gel comprising treating a feed solution containing an inorganic species and a biologically active component to effect gelation by a sol-gel transformation to form an inorganic gel and thereby give a biologically active gel comprising the biologically active component distributed throughout the inorganic gel.
By «biologically active component» wc mean a component which exhibits biological activity in a chosen environment as exemplified hereinafter and «biologically active gel» is to be construed as meaning a gel containing a biologically active component as hereinbefore defined. Thus the component may be, for example, a pharmaceutically active component so that the biologically active gel is a pharmaceutically active gel (i.e. a pharmaceutical gel) or the biologically active component may be a pesticide in which case the biologically active gel will have pesticidal activity. Alternatively, for example, a herbicidal gel may be formed by incorporation of a herbicide as the biologically active component. As a further alternative the biologically active component may be a toxin capable of inhibiting growth in an aquatic environment (e.g. for inhibiting growth of aquatic weeds and molluscs), and the biologically active gel can be used in marine anti-fouling paints. In yet a further alternative the biologically active component may be an algicide so that the biologically active gel has algicidal activity.
In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention there is provided a process for the preparation of a pharmaceutical gel comprising treating a feed solution containing an inorganic species and a pharmaceutically active component to effect gelation by a sol-gel transformation to form an inorganic gel and thereby give a pharmaceutical gel comprising the pharmaceutically active component distributed throughout the inorganic gel.
It will be appreciated that the inorganic species in the feed solution may be for example in the form of a colloidal dispersion (sol) or an anion deficient salt solution, or a mixture thereof.
The sol-gel transformation may be effected by known methods. For example, concentration of the inorganic species by dewatering.
Conveniently, the inorganic species can be an inorganic compound or a mixture of inorganic compounds (e.g. Al2O3, Al203/MgO or Al2Ol/SiO2) and the preparation of the feed solution can conveniently include the step of mixing a solution or sol of the inorganic compound, or compounds, with the biologically active component or a solution thereof.
We prefer that the inorganic gel is an oxide, hydrous oxide or hydroxide and in one particular preferred embodiment the inorganic gel is an oxide, hydrous oxide or hydroxide of alumina.
In one embodiment of the process of the invention the inorganic gel is preferably formed by the gelation of a colloidal solution by a «sol-gel» process.
The invention is not limited to gels containing only an inorganic gel and an active component since further additives may be introduced.
Thus in another embodiment of the process of the present invention the feed solution may also include a polymeric substance so that the gel product produced by the solgel transformation contains an inorganic gel, a poylmeric organic substance and a biologically active component (e.g. a pharmaceutically active component).
The polymeric organic substance may be, for example, a substance which can be used as an «organic gelling agent» (sometimes called a «gelating agent») in a gel precipitation process. Such organic gelling agents are usually water soluble high molecular weight polymeric organic compounds (e.g. dextran, polyvinyl alcohol, dextrin and starch). Our
British Patents Nos. 1175834, 1231385, 1253807, 1313750 and 1363532 relate to gel precipitation processes and reference should be made to these for information regarding such processes.
Reference may also be made to cognate co-pending British Applications Nos.
32970/76 and 46946/76 (Serial No.
1590573) which disclose inter alia the use of polymeric organic substances in the preparation of active gels (e.g. pharmaceutical gels).
The gelation by sol-gel transformation to form the inorganic gel may be effected in a number of ways and may in some methods involve some degree of dewatering or drying of the feel solution.
For example, in one embodiment the feed solution (optionally containing a polymeric organic substance as hereinbefore disclosed) may be spray dried to give substantially spherical active gel particles (e.g. particles of pharmaceutically active gel).
In another embodiment the feed solution may be freeze-dried to give a biologically active gel.
In a further embodiment the feed solution may be subjected to organic dewatering wherein feed solution is contacted with an organic liquid capable of extracting water from the feed solution to give a biologically active gel.
In yet a further embodiment the feed solution may be dried by azeotropic distillation.
Reference may be made to our British
Patent No. 1419492 in connection with organic dewatering and azeotropic distillation.
It will be understood that in using organic dewatering or azeotropic distillation the biologically active component (e.g. pharmaceutical component) should have a low silubility in the organic liquid used for dewatering.
If the feed solution is formed into droplets during the organic dewatering or azeotropic distillation a particulate gel product may be obtained.
Other convenient methods for effecting the gelation to form a gel may be used in the practice of the present invention. For example liquid ion exchange may be used.
An example of liquid ion exchange is where ions are removed from a solution or a sol (e.g. nitrate ions may be removed by use of
Primene (Registered Trade Mark) JMT in an organic solvent therefor).
According to another aspect of the present invention there is provided a biologically active gel comprising a biologically active component distributed throughout an inorganic gel said inorganic gel having been formed by a sol-gel transformation.
Preferably the biologically active component is a pharmaceutically active component so that the biologically active gel is a pharmaceutically active gel.
We prefer that a pharmaceutically active gel is in the form of substantially spherical gel particles which is convenient for ease of handling and administration to patients.
This can be achieved by forming the feed solution into droplets prior to the formation of the inorganic gel.
Substantially spherical pharmaceutical gel particles in accordance with the present invention may range in size from several microns to several millimetres. In the case of a pharmaceutical gel small particles (say 00 microns) may be administered orally by capsule whereas larger particles (say 1-5mm) may be orally administered individually.
In accordance with a further aspect of the present invention there is provided a process for the production of a biologically active gel wherein a feed solution contain ing an inorganic species and a biologically active component is treated to effect gelation to form a biologically active gel comprising a biologically active component distributed throughout an inorganic gel, wherein the structure of the gel is controlled thereby to determine the rate at which the biologically active component will be released from the gel in use.
In a preferred embodiment of the immediately foregoing aspect of the present invention there is provided a process for the production of a pharmaceutical gel wherein a feed solution containing an inorganic species and a pharmaceutically active component are treated to effect gelation thereby to form a pharmaceutical gel comprising a pharmaceutically active component distributed thoughout an inorganic gel, wherein the structure of the gel is controlled thereby to determine the rate at which the active component will be released when the gel is administered to a patient.
The structure of the gel and hence the rate at which the biologically active component is released may be determined by modifying the composition of the feed solution thereby to modify the composition of the biologically active gel. Thus, an additional inorganic compound can be included in the feed solution thereby to modify the composition of the gel. (Examples of in organic compounds suitable for use as additives in connection with the immediately foregoing embodiment are silica and pyrolytic alumina.)
The structure of the gel maay be controlled, and hence the biologically active component release rate determined (e.g.
pharmaceutical release rate), by the choice of method for effecting the gelation to form the inorganic gel. Also, in certain cases the structure of the gel may be controlled, and release rate determined, by treating the gel after its formation.
The rate at which the biologically active component is released may depend upon a number of factors. These are (a) pH of medium (e.g. stomach, intes
tine in the case of a pharmaceutically
active gel)
(b) size of gel particle
(c) chemical composition of the inorganic
gel
(d) Porosity of the gel
(e) crystal size and structure of the in
organic gel
(f) water content of the gel
(g) affinity of the gel for water (hydro
philic nature)
(h) the presence or absence of a poly
meric organic substance (it is believed
that this may be particularly sig
nificant if the polymeric organic sub
stance is partially complexed with the
inorganic gel).
The release rate in a given situation is expected to be a complex function of all the above factors.
The release rate may be influenced by the extent of water removal from the feed solution, the temperature reached in effecting the gelation and choice of components in the feed solution (e.g. sol, dispersion or anion deficient salt solution or chemical composition (e.g. SiO2 or A1203)).
In accordance with yet a further aspect the invention provides a biologically active gel produced by the process of the invention.
In accordance with a still further aspect the present invention provides a biologically active gel the structure of which is controlled thereby to determine the rate at which the biologically active component will be released from the gel in use.
In a preferred embodiment of the immediately foregoing aspect of the present invention there is provided a pharmaceutically active gel the structure of which is controlled thereby to determine the rate at which the pharmaceutically active component will be released from the gel when administered to a patient.
It is believed that pharmaceutically active gels in accordance with the present invention have advantages over conventional tableting and encapsulation in regard to uniformity of distribution of the pharmaceutically active component throughout the pharmaceutically active gel and the concentration of pharmaceutically active component obtainable in the gel.
The invention also provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising a pharmaceutically active gel in accordance with the invention in admixture with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier therefor.
The invention further provides a method of making a pharmaceutical composition comprising mixing a pharmaceutically active gel in accordance with the invention with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier therefor.
The invention will now be further described by way of example only, as follows:
EXAMPLE
100 g dispersible boehmite, prepared in accordance with British Patent Specification
No. 1,174,648 was dispersed in 500 ml distilled water containing 1.0 gm imipramine hydrochloride. The resulting mixture was sprayed dried to form a predominantly spherical powder with good flowing properties. In normal saline solution the imipramine hydrochloride was released within five minutes.
WHAT WE CLAIM IS:- 1. A process for the preparation of a biologically active gel comprising treating a feed solution containing an inorganic species and a biologically active component to effect gelation by a sol-gel transformation to form an inorganic gel and thereby give a biologically active gel comprising the biologically active component distributed throughout the inorganic gel.
2. A process for the preparation of an active gel comprising a pharmaceutical gel which process comprises treating a feed solution containing an inorganic species and a pharmaceutically active component to effect gelation by a sol-gel transformation to form an inorganic gel and thereby give a pharmaceutical gel comprising the pharmaceutically active component distributed throughout the inorganic gel.
3. A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the biologically active component is a pharmaceutically active component, or a pesticide, or a herbicide, or a toxin capable of inhibiting growth in an aquatic environment, or an algicide.
4. A process as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the inorganic species in the feed solution is in the form of a colloidal dispersion (sol), or an anion deficient salt solution, or a mixture thereof.
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.
Claims (27)
**WARNING** start of CLMS field may overlap end of DESC **.
organic compounds suitable for use as additives in connection with the immediately foregoing embodiment are silica and pyrolytic alumina.)
The structure of the gel maay be controlled, and hence the biologically active component release rate determined (e.g.
pharmaceutical release rate), by the choice of method for effecting the gelation to form the inorganic gel. Also, in certain cases the structure of the gel may be controlled, and release rate determined, by treating the gel after its formation.
The rate at which the biologically active component is released may depend upon a number of factors. These are (a) pH of medium (e.g. stomach, intes
tine in the case of a pharmaceutically
active gel)
(b) size of gel particle
(c) chemical composition of the inorganic
gel
(d) Porosity of the gel
(e) crystal size and structure of the in
organic gel
(f) water content of the gel
(g) affinity of the gel for water (hydro
philic nature)
(h) the presence or absence of a poly
meric organic substance (it is believed
that this may be particularly sig
nificant if the polymeric organic sub
stance is partially complexed with the
inorganic gel).
The release rate in a given situation is expected to be a complex function of all the above factors.
The release rate may be influenced by the extent of water removal from the feed solution, the temperature reached in effecting the gelation and choice of components in the feed solution (e.g. sol, dispersion or anion deficient salt solution or chemical composition (e.g. SiO2 or A1203)).
In accordance with yet a further aspect the invention provides a biologically active gel produced by the process of the invention.
In accordance with a still further aspect the present invention provides a biologically active gel the structure of which is controlled thereby to determine the rate at which the biologically active component will be released from the gel in use.
In a preferred embodiment of the immediately foregoing aspect of the present invention there is provided a pharmaceutically active gel the structure of which is controlled thereby to determine the rate at which the pharmaceutically active component will be released from the gel when administered to a patient.
It is believed that pharmaceutically active gels in accordance with the present invention have advantages over conventional tableting and encapsulation in regard to uniformity of distribution of the pharmaceutically active component throughout the pharmaceutically active gel and the concentration of pharmaceutically active component obtainable in the gel.
The invention also provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising a pharmaceutically active gel in accordance with the invention in admixture with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier therefor.
The invention further provides a method of making a pharmaceutical composition comprising mixing a pharmaceutically active gel in accordance with the invention with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier therefor.
The invention will now be further described by way of example only, as follows:
EXAMPLE
100 g dispersible boehmite, prepared in accordance with British Patent Specification
No. 1,174,648 was dispersed in 500 ml distilled water containing 1.0 gm imipramine hydrochloride. The resulting mixture was sprayed dried to form a predominantly spherical powder with good flowing properties. In normal saline solution the imipramine hydrochloride was released within five minutes.
WHAT WE CLAIM IS:- 1. A process for the preparation of a biologically active gel comprising treating a feed solution containing an inorganic species and a biologically active component to effect gelation by a sol-gel transformation to form an inorganic gel and thereby give a biologically active gel comprising the biologically active component distributed throughout the inorganic gel.
2. A process for the preparation of an active gel comprising a pharmaceutical gel which process comprises treating a feed solution containing an inorganic species and a pharmaceutically active component to effect gelation by a sol-gel transformation to form an inorganic gel and thereby give a pharmaceutical gel comprising the pharmaceutically active component distributed throughout the inorganic gel.
3. A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the biologically active component is a pharmaceutically active component, or a pesticide, or a herbicide, or a toxin capable of inhibiting growth in an aquatic environment, or an algicide.
4. A process as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the inorganic species in the feed solution is in the form of a colloidal dispersion (sol), or an anion deficient salt solution, or a mixture thereof.
5. A process as claimed in any one of
claims 1 to 4, wherein the inorganic species
is an inorganic compound or a mixture of inorganic compounds.
6. A process as claimed in claim 5, wherein the compound is Al2O or the mixture of compounds is Al2O3/MgO or At ,03 I SiO2.
7. A process as claimed in claim 5 or 6 wherein the feed solution is prepared by a process including the step of mixing a solution or sol of the inorganic compound, or compounds, with the biologically active component or a solution thereof.
8. A process as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the inorganic gel is an oxide, hydrous oxide or hydroxide.
9. A process as claimed in claim 8, wherein the inorganic gel is an oxide, hydrous oxide or hydroxide of alumina.
10. A process as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the feed solution also contains a polymeric organic substance.
11. A process as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein the inorganic gel is formed by gelation of a colloidal solution.
12. A process as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the sol-gel transformation is effected by concentration of the inorganic species by dewatering or drying.
13. A process as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the feed solution is spray-dried to give substantially spherical active gel particles.
14. A process as claimed in any one of
Claims 1 to 12, wherein the feed solution is freeze-dried to give an active gel.
15. A process as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the feed solution is subjected to organic dewatering by contact with an organic liquid capable of extracting water from the feed solution to give a biologically active gel.
16. A process as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the feed solution is dried by azeotropic distillation.
17. A process as claimed in Claim 15 or
Claim 16, wherein the feed solution is formed into droplets during the organic dewatering or azeotropic distillation so that a particulate gel product is obtained.
18. A process for the production of a biologically active gel by a sol-gel transformation as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the structure of the gel is controlled, thereby to determine the rate at which the biologically active component will be released from the gel in use, by
(a) selecting the method of gelation; or
(b) controlling the extent of water re
moval from the feed solution, or
(c) selecting the components in the feed
solution thereby to control the chemi
cal composition and/or physical
characteristics of the gel, or
(d) controlling the temperature reached
during gelation, or any combination
of (a) to (d).
19. A process as claimed in claim 18, for the production of a biologically active gel comprising a pharmaceutical gel wherein the structure of the gel is controlled thereby to determine the rate at which the biologically active component will be released when the gel is administered to a patient.
20. A biologically active gel comprising a biologically active component distributed throughout an inorganic gel, said inorganic gel having been formed by a sol-gel transformation.
21. A biologically active gel as claimed in claim 22, wherein the biologically active component is a pharmaceutically active component so that the biologically active gel is a pharmaceutically active gel.
22. A biologically active gel as claimed in claim 22 or claim 23 in the form of substantially spherical particles.
23. A biologically active gel produced by a process as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 19.
24. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a pharmaceutically active gel as claimed in claim 21 in admixture with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier therefor.
25. A method of making a pharmaceutical composition comprising mixing a pharmaceutically active gel as claimed in claim 21, with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier therefor.
26. A process for the preparation of a biologically active gel substantially as hereinbefore disclosed with reference to the
Example.
27. A biologically active gel substantially as hereinbefore disclosed with reference to the Example.
GB3297176A
1976-08-06
1976-08-06
Biologically active gels
Expired
GB1590574A
(en)
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number
Priority Date
Filing Date
Title
GB3297176A
GB1590574A
(en)
1976-08-06
1976-08-06
Biologically active gels
IE160877A
IE45648B1
(en)
1976-08-06
1977-08-02
Improvements in or relating to biologically active gels
FR7724314A
FR2360345A1
(en)
1976-08-06
1977-08-05
PROCESS FOR PREPARING AN ACTIVE GEL AND PRODUCTS OBTAINED
DE19772735392
DE2735392A1
(en)
1976-08-06
1977-08-05
ACTIVE GELS AND METHODS OF MANUFACTURING THEM
CH964777A
CH639869A5
(en)
1976-08-06
1977-08-05
Process for preparing a biologically active gel
JP9403777A
JPS5320411A
(en)
1976-08-06
1977-08-05
Improvement of preparation
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number
Priority Date
Filing Date
Title
GB3297176A
GB1590574A
(en)
1976-08-06
1976-08-06
Biologically active gels
Publications (1)
Publication Number
Publication Date
GB1590574A
true
GB1590574A
(en)
1981-06-03
Family
ID=10346741
Family Applications (1)
Application Number
Title
Priority Date
Filing Date
GB3297176A
Expired
GB1590574A
(en)
1976-08-06
1976-08-06
Biologically active gels
Country Status (6)
Country
Link
JP
(1)
JPS5320411A
(en)
CH
(1)
CH639869A5
(en)
DE
(1)
DE2735392A1
(en)
FR
(1)
FR2360345A1
(en)
GB
(1)
GB1590574A
(en)
IE
(1)
IE45648B1
(en)
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(en)
*
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1990-07-03
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EP0733304A2
(en)
*
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1996-09-25
Kodak Limited
A material, method and apparatus for inhibiting bacterial growth in an aqueous medium
US5683826A
(en)
*
1995-03-27
1997-11-04
Eastman Kodak Company
Organic/inorganic gels for delivering controlled quantities of active compounds in aqueous solutions
EP0832561A2
(en)
*
1996-07-30
1998-04-01
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(en)
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2001-08-30
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JPS6227048Y2
(en)
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1979-04-10
1987-07-11
JPS55138311A
(en)
*
1979-04-17
1980-10-29
Yanmar Agricult Equip
Harvester
JPS6334486Y2
(en)
*
1979-06-14
1988-09-13
IL83715A0
(en)
*
1987-08-31
1988-01-31
Yeda Res & Dev
Pharmaceutical anti-protozoal compositions
EP0680753A3
(en)
*
1994-05-06
1996-08-28
Feinchemie Gmbh Sebnitz
Metal oxide composite with controllable release.
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Priority date
Publication date
Assignee
Title
FR881457A
(en)
*
1941-12-24
1943-04-27
Cie De Prod Chim Et Electro Me
Improvement in antiparasitic porridge
FR891043A
(en)
*
1942-06-29
1944-02-24
Instant alumina gel
GB880261A
(en)
*
1957-03-13
1961-10-18
Albright & Wilson Mfg Ltd
Improvements in or relating to the production of aqueous aluminium chlorhydrate gels
FR1366891A
(en)
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1963-06-04
1964-07-17
Stull Chemical
Simultaneous preparation and application of chemical mixtures for agriculture
AU6650174A
(en)
*
1973-03-14
1975-09-11
John Thompson
Spraying gels
DE2500350A1
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1975-01-07
1976-07-08
Kali Chemie Ag
Aluminium fluoride contg spheroidal particles for catalysis – produced from alumina hydrosoln and aluminium fluoride suspension
1976
1976-08-06
GB
GB3297176A
patent/GB1590574A/en
not_active
Expired
1977
1977-08-02
IE
IE160877A
patent/IE45648B1/en
unknown
1977-08-05
CH
CH964777A
patent/CH639869A5/en
not_active
IP Right Cessation
1977-08-05
FR
FR7724314A
patent/FR2360345A1/en
active
Granted
1977-08-05
JP
JP9403777A
patent/JPS5320411A/en
active
Pending
1977-08-05
DE
DE19772735392
patent/DE2735392A1/en
not_active
Withdrawn
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Assignee
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(en)
*
1986-09-18
1990-07-03
London School Of Pharmacy Innovations Ltd.
Pharmaceutical formulations
EP0733304A2
(en)
*
1995-03-08
1996-09-25
Kodak Limited
A material, method and apparatus for inhibiting bacterial growth in an aqueous medium
US5683826A
(en)
*
1995-03-27
1997-11-04
Eastman Kodak Company
Organic/inorganic gels for delivering controlled quantities of active compounds in aqueous solutions
EP0832561A2
(en)
*
1996-07-30
1998-04-01
Eastman Kodak Company
A material, method and apparatus for inhibiting microbial growth in an aqueous medium
EP0832561A3
(en)
*
1996-07-30
1999-02-17
Eastman Kodak Company
A material, method and apparatus for inhibiting microbial growth in an aqueous medium
AU736967B2
(en)
*
1996-07-30
2001-08-09
Montana State University
A material, method and apparatus for inhibiting microbial growth in an aqueous medium
US7357948B2
(en)
2000-02-21
2008-04-15
Australian Nuclear Science & Technology Organisation
Controlled release ceramic particles, compositions thereof, processes of preparation and methods of use
US7258874B2
(en)
2000-02-21
2007-08-21
Australian Nuclear Sciences & Technology Organisation
Controlled release ceramic particles, compositions thereof, processes of preparation and methods of use
US7354602B2
(en)
2000-02-21
2008-04-08
Australian Nuclear Science & Technology Organisation
Controlled release ceramic particles, compositions thereof, processes of preparation and methods of use
US7354603B2
(en)
2000-02-21
2008-04-08
Australian Nuclear Science & Technology Organisation
Controlled release ceramic particles, compositions thereof, processes of preparation and methods of use
WO2001062232A1
(en)
*
2000-02-21
2001-08-30
Australian Nuclear Science & Technology Organisation
Controlled release ceramic particles, compositions thereof, processes of preparation and methods of use
US7585521B2
(en)
2000-02-21
2009-09-08
Australian Nuclear Science & Technology Organisation
Controlled release ceramic particles, compositions thereof, processes of preparation and methods of use
DE102006008535A1
(en)
*
2006-02-22
2007-08-30
Stiftung Nano Innovations – For A Better Living, Olten
Anitbakterielle coating composition based on a silica-producing agent, an application set, a nanoscale coating, the production of the coating, the further processing of the coating and their use
DE102006008534A1
(en)
*
2006-02-22
2007-08-30
Stiftung Nano Innovations – For A Better Living, Olten
Container closure coating composition, container closure coating, their preparation and use
EP3590503A1
(en)
2006-10-12
2020-01-08
The University of Queensland
Compositions and methods for modulating immune responses
WO2012058715A1
(en)
2010-11-01
2012-05-10
University Of Technology, Sydney
Immune-modulating agents and uses therefor
Also Published As
Publication number
Publication date
CH639869A5
(en)
1983-12-15
JPS5320411A
(en)
1978-02-24
IE45648B1
(en)
1982-10-20
FR2360345B1
(en)
1983-10-14
FR2360345A1
(en)
1978-03-03
DE2735392A1
(en)
1978-02-09
IE45648L
(en)
1978-02-06
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Legal Events
Date
Code
Title
Description
1981-08-19
PS
Patent sealed
1986-06-25
746
Register noted ‘licences of right’ (sect. 46/1977)
1990-03-21
PCNP
Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee
