GB2001927A – Preparation of microcapsules
– Google Patents
GB2001927A – Preparation of microcapsules
– Google Patents
Preparation of microcapsules
Info
Publication number
GB2001927A
GB2001927A
GB7830667A
GB7830667A
GB2001927A
GB 2001927 A
GB2001927 A
GB 2001927A
GB 7830667 A
GB7830667 A
GB 7830667A
GB 7830667 A
GB7830667 A
GB 7830667A
GB 2001927 A
GB2001927 A
GB 2001927A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
microcapsules
preparation
Prior art date
1977-07-27
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB7830667A
Other versions
GB2001927B
(en
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fujifilm Holdings Corp
Original Assignee
Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
1977-07-27
Filing date
1978-07-21
Publication date
1979-02-14
1978-07-21
Application filed by Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd
filed
Critical
Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd
1979-02-14
Publication of GB2001927A
publication
Critical
patent/GB2001927A/en
1982-02-17
Application granted
granted
Critical
1982-02-17
Publication of GB2001927B
publication
Critical
patent/GB2001927B/en
Status
Expired
legal-status
Critical
Current
Links
Espacenet
Global Dossier
Discuss
239000003094
microcapsule
Substances
0.000
title
1
Classifications
B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
B01J13/00—Colloid chemistry, e.g. the production of colloidal materials or their solutions, not otherwise provided for; Making microcapsules or microballoons
B01J13/02—Making microcapsules or microballoons
B01J13/06—Making microcapsules or microballoons by phase separation
B01J13/14—Polymerisation; cross-linking
B01J13/18—In situ polymerisation with all reactants being present in the same phase
Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
Y10S428/914—Transfer or decalcomania
Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
Y10T428/2982—Particulate matter [e.g., sphere, flake, etc.]
Y10T428/2984—Microcapsule with fluid core [includes liposome]
Y10T428/2985—Solid-walled microcapsule from synthetic polymer
GB7830667A
1977-07-27
1978-07-21
Preparation of microcapsules
Expired
GB2001927B
(en)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number
Priority Date
Filing Date
Title
JP9014877A
JPS5425277A
(en)
1977-07-27
1977-07-27
Method of producing microcapsule
Publications (2)
Publication Number
Publication Date
GB2001927A
true
GB2001927A
(en)
1979-02-14
GB2001927B
GB2001927B
(en)
1982-02-17
Family
ID=13990406
Family Applications (1)
Application Number
Title
Priority Date
Filing Date
GB7830667A
Expired
GB2001927B
(en)
1977-07-27
1978-07-21
Preparation of microcapsules
Country Status (5)
Country
Link
US
(2)
US4251386A
(en)
JP
(1)
JPS5425277A
(en)
DE
(1)
DE2832637A1
(en)
ES
(1)
ES472115A1
(en)
GB
(1)
GB2001927B
(en)
Cited By (2)
* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number
Priority date
Publication date
Assignee
Title
US4670344A
(en)
*
1980-08-20
1987-06-02
Kureha Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha
Microcapsule for pressure-sensitive recording paper and process of preparing same
CN103301792A
(en)
*
2013-05-17
2013-09-18
哈尔滨工业大学
Preparation of urea-formaldehyde resin microcapsule pressure-sensitive adhesive by using in-situ polymerization method
Families Citing this family (105)
* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number
Priority date
Publication date
Assignee
Title
JPS5425277A
(en)
*
1977-07-27
1979-02-26
Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd
Method of producing microcapsule
JPS5453679A
(en)
*
1977-10-07
1979-04-27
Mitsubishi Paper Mills Ltd
Microcapsule
JPS54107881A
(en)
*
1978-02-14
1979-08-24
Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd
Preparation of minute capsule
JPS6023859B2
(en)
*
1978-11-14
1985-06-10
神崎製紙株式会社
Method for manufacturing microcapsules
DE2937725C2
(en)
*
1979-09-18
1981-07-09
Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München
Circuit arrangement for converting characters that can be entered using a keyboard into code characters
JPS5651238A
(en)
*
1979-10-02
1981-05-08
Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd
Production of microminiature capsule
DE2940786A1
(en)
*
1979-10-08
1981-04-16
Basf Ag, 6700 Ludwigshafen
METHOD FOR PRODUCING MICROCAPSULES
DE3008390A1
(en)
*
1980-03-05
1981-09-17
Basf Ag, 6700 Ludwigshafen
LOW VISCOSIS, MICROCAPSULES AND BINDERS CONTAINING AQUEOUS COATING AND PRINTING INKS
US4333849A
(en)
*
1980-06-02
1982-06-08
The Mead Corporation
Encapsulation process
JPS5772891A
(en)
*
1980-10-23
1982-05-07
Mitsubishi Paper Mills Ltd
Pressure sensitive copy paper
JPS5814942A
(en)
*
1981-07-17
1983-01-28
Jujo Paper Co Ltd
Preparation of fine capsule
US4444699A
(en)
*
1982-04-20
1984-04-24
Appleton Papers Inc.
Capsule manufacture
JPS59183825A
(en)
*
1983-04-04
1984-10-19
Nippon Oil & Fats Co Ltd
Reaction method for heterogeneous system
ZA845712B
(en)
*
1983-07-26
1986-03-26
Appleton Paper Inc
A process for manufacturing microcapsules
US4552811A
(en)
*
1983-07-26
1985-11-12
Appleton Papers Inc.
Capsule manufacture
US4574110A
(en)
*
1983-07-28
1986-03-04
Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals, Incorporated
Process for producing microcapsules and microcapsule slurry
US4518547A
(en)
*
1983-09-15
1985-05-21
Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System
Microencapsulation process
US4493869A
(en)
*
1983-10-11
1985-01-15
Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company
Fragrance-releasing microcapsules on a see-through substrate
US4528226A
(en)
*
1983-10-11
1985-07-09
Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Co.
Stretchable microfragrance delivery article
US4487801A
(en)
*
1983-10-11
1984-12-11
Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company
Fragrance-releasing pull-apart sheet
US4561981A
(en)
*
1984-01-27
1985-12-31
Characklis William G
Treatment of fouling with microcapsules
JPS60238140A
(en)
*
1984-05-14
1985-11-27
Daio Seishi Kk
Preparation of microcapsule
US4826689A
(en)
*
1984-05-21
1989-05-02
University Of Rochester
Method for making uniformly sized particles from water-insoluble organic compounds
FR2584088A1
(en)
*
1985-06-27
1987-01-02
Lion Corp
SOLID SOAP COMPOSITION
JPH0611396B2
(en)
*
1985-07-17
1994-02-16
日本製紙株式会社
Microcapsule manufacturing method
JPS6297638A
(en)
*
1985-10-25
1987-05-07
Kanzaki Paper Mfg Co Ltd
Preparation of microcapsule
US4675249A
(en)
*
1986-03-31
1987-06-23
Appleton Papers Inc.
Capsule manufacture
JPS6397223A
(en)
*
1986-10-14
1988-04-27
Toppan Moore Co Ltd
Production of microcapsule
US4756844A
(en)
*
1986-12-29
1988-07-12
The Dow Chemical Company
Controlled-release composition having a membrane comprising submicron particles
US4857406A
(en)
*
1987-04-10
1989-08-15
The Mead Corporation
Microcapsules with polysalt capsule walls and their formation
US4935172A
(en)
*
1987-05-15
1990-06-19
Mitsubishi Paper Mills, Ltd.
Method for producing microcapsules
US4978483A
(en)
*
1987-09-28
1990-12-18
Redding Bruce K
Apparatus and method for making microcapsules
JP2634836B2
(en)
*
1988-01-29
1997-07-30
大王製紙株式会社
Manufacturing method of microcapsules
US4857493A
(en)
*
1988-06-27
1989-08-15
Ford Warren T
Polymer latexes containing metal ions and complexes
US5069831A
(en)
*
1988-12-22
1991-12-03
The Mead Corporation
Method for separation of microcapsules and preparation of printing inks
JP2502146B2
(en)
*
1989-04-12
1996-05-29
日本製紙株式会社
Microcapsule manufacturing method
US5050910A
(en)
*
1989-07-13
1991-09-24
Sheldon Schechter
Fragrance-releasing insert for a magazine
US5011885A
(en)
*
1989-10-27
1991-04-30
The Mead Corporation
Methods for the production of microcapsules using functionalized isocyanate
AU636743B2
(en)
*
1990-04-17
1993-05-06
Isp Investment Inc.
Preparation of discrete microdroplets of an oil in water stabilized by in situ polymerization of a water-soluble vinyl monomer
US5084208A
(en)
*
1991-01-07
1992-01-28
Isp Investments Inc.
Preparation of discrete microdroplets of a high viscosity oil in water
US5073296A
(en)
*
1990-04-17
1991-12-17
Isp Investments Inc.
Preparation of discrete microdroplets of an oil in water
US5353820A
(en)
*
1992-02-06
1994-10-11
Gillette Canada Inc.
Flavored dental cleaning article and method
US5756447A
(en)
*
1992-12-24
1998-05-26
The Procter & Gamble Company
Dispensing agent
GB9226942D0
(en)
*
1992-12-24
1993-02-17
Procter & Gamble
Dispersing agent
IT1276525B1
(en)
*
1994-04-13
1997-10-31
Webcraft Technologies Inc
DEVICE AND PROCEDURE FOR THE SELECTIVE EXPOSURE OF MICRO-ENCAPSULATED LIQUIDS.
US5680876A
(en)
*
1995-06-01
1997-10-28
Gillette Canada Inc.
Floss brush manufacture and product
DE19815129A1
(en)
*
1998-04-03
1999-10-07
Basf Ag
Precipitated, water-insoluble dyes in colloidally dispersed form
DE10000223A1
(en)
*
2000-01-05
2001-07-12
Basf Ag
Microcapsules which are useful in, e.g. detergent or skin care compositions, can release a fragrance from a hydrophobic core when the polymer coating of the capsule is broken down
GB0106560D0
(en)
*
2001-03-16
2001-05-02
Quest Int
Perfume encapsulates
US20050044819A1
(en)
2003-09-02
2005-03-03
Chomik Richard S.
Waste storage device
US7434377B2
(en)
*
2001-05-02
2008-10-14
Playtex Products, Inc.
Waste disposal device including a rotatable geared rim to operate a cartridge
US20050193692A1
(en)
*
2001-05-02
2005-09-08
Playtex Products, Inc.
Waste disposal device including rotating cartridge coupled to hinged lid
US7503159B2
(en)
2001-05-02
2009-03-17
Playtex Products, Inc.
Waste disposal device including an external actuation mechanism to operate a cartridge
US7316100B2
(en)
*
2001-05-02
2008-01-08
Playtex Products, Inc.
Waste disposal device including a film cutting and sealing device
US7712285B2
(en)
*
2001-05-02
2010-05-11
Playtex Products, Inc.
Waste disposal device including a sensing mechanism for delaying the rotation of a cartridge
US7617659B2
(en)
2001-05-02
2009-11-17
Playtex Products, Inc.
Waste disposal device including a cartridge movable by rollers
US8091325B2
(en)
*
2001-05-02
2012-01-10
Playtex Products, Inc.
Waste disposal device including a diaphragm for twisting a flexible tubing dispensed from a cartridge
US7708188B2
(en)
*
2001-05-02
2010-05-04
Playtex Products, Inc.
Waste disposal device including a hamper accessible through a movable door
US7958704B2
(en)
*
2001-05-02
2011-06-14
Playtex Products, Inc.
Waste disposal device including a mechanism for scoring a flexible tubing dispensed from a cartridge
US7503152B2
(en)
*
2001-05-02
2009-03-17
Playtex Products, Inc.
Waste disposal device including rotating cartridge coupled to lid
US7694493B2
(en)
*
2001-05-02
2010-04-13
Playtex Products, Inc.
Waste disposal device including a geared rotating cartridge
NZ533501A
(en)
2001-11-15
2008-06-30
San Ei Gen Ffi Inc
Microcapsules with foreign substances encapsulated inside microorganism cells
CA2473693C
(en)
*
2002-04-17
2011-01-04
Playtex Products, Inc.
Disposable cassette for incremental withdrawal of tubular plastic with malodor-counteractant capacity
US20030216488A1
(en)
2002-04-18
2003-11-20
The Procter & Gamble Company
Compositions comprising a dispersant and microcapsules containing an active material
AR040093A1
(en)
*
2002-05-21
2005-03-16
Procter & Gamble
CLEANING COMPOSITION THAT INCLUDES SUSPENDED PEARLS
US20030224030A1
(en)
2002-05-23
2003-12-04
Hirotaka Uchiyama
Methods and articles for reducing airborne particulates
DE10241942A1
(en)
*
2002-09-10
2004-03-18
Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V.
Core/shell microcapsules obtained from a rubber-containing core and a shell from a first polymer and from a second different polymer useful for rubber vulcanization
US7108190B2
(en)
*
2003-02-28
2006-09-19
Appleton Papers Inc.
Token array and method employing authentication tokens bearing scent formulation information
US20040251309A1
(en)
*
2003-06-10
2004-12-16
Appleton Papers Inc.
Token bearing magnetc image information in registration with visible image information
US20050074484A1
(en)
*
2003-10-07
2005-04-07
Estanislao Roderico B.
Product for administration of active agents to different areas of the skin
US6925781B1
(en)
2004-02-03
2005-08-09
Playtex Products, Inc.
Integrated cutting tool for waste disposal method and apparatus
US7452547B2
(en)
*
2004-03-31
2008-11-18
Johnson&Johnson Consumer Co., Inc.
Product for treating the skin comprising a polyamine microcapsule wall and a skin lightening agent
KR100555881B1
(en)
*
2004-07-21
2006-03-03
오준택
Preparation of Microcapsule Using Organic Phase Change Materials
CA2602246C
(en)
2005-03-25
2013-09-10
Appleton Papers Inc.
Activator means for pre-applied adhesives
US20060258557A1
(en)
*
2005-05-11
2006-11-16
Popplewell Lewis M
Hard surface cleaning compositions and methods for making same
US7717261B2
(en)
*
2005-06-10
2010-05-18
Philip Morris Usa Inc.
Hinge lid aroma pack
DE102005035388A1
(en)
*
2005-07-28
2007-02-01
Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V.
Microencapsulated rubber additives and process for their preparation
US20070098148A1
(en)
*
2005-10-14
2007-05-03
Sherman Kenneth N
Aroma releasing patch on mobile telephones
US20080090942A1
(en)
*
2006-05-31
2008-04-17
George Hovorka
Tamper evident paint having microcapsules containing signal indicators
US7935201B2
(en)
*
2006-11-29
2011-05-03
Wausau Paper Mills, Llc
Non-slip masking product, and methods
US8067089B2
(en)
*
2008-05-01
2011-11-29
Appleton Papers Inc.
Cationic microcapsule particles
US20090274906A1
(en)
*
2008-05-01
2009-11-05
Appleton Papers Inc.
Particle with low permeance wall
US8071214B2
(en)
*
2008-05-01
2011-12-06
Appleton Papers Inc.
Particle with selected permeance wall
WO2010054304A2
(en)
*
2008-11-10
2010-05-14
University Of Florida Research Foundation, Inc.
Conjugated polyelectrolyte capsules: light-activated antimicrobials
US8455098B2
(en)
*
2009-04-07
2013-06-04
Appleton Papers Inc.
Encapsulated solid hydrophilic particles
US8715544B2
(en)
*
2009-12-21
2014-05-06
Appvion, Inc.
Hydrophilic liquid encapsulates
US20110269657A1
(en)
2010-04-28
2011-11-03
Jiten Odhavji Dihora
Delivery particles
US9186642B2
(en)
2010-04-28
2015-11-17
The Procter & Gamble Company
Delivery particle
US9993793B2
(en)
2010-04-28
2018-06-12
The Procter & Gamble Company
Delivery particles
WO2012009484A2
(en)
2010-07-13
2012-01-19
Stc.Unm
Structure, synthesis, and applications for poly (phenylene) ethynylenes (ppes)
CN103458859A
(en)
2011-04-07
2013-12-18
宝洁公司
Personal cleansing compositions with increased deposition of polyacrylate microcapsules
EP2694031B1
(en)
2011-04-07
2015-07-08
The Procter and Gamble Company
Conditioner compositions with increased deposition of polyacrylate microcapsules
JP5869663B2
(en)
2011-04-07
2016-02-24
ザ プロクター アンド ギャンブルカンパニー
Shampoo compositions with increased adhesion of polyacrylate microcapsules
US9549549B2
(en)
2011-08-03
2017-01-24
Stc.Unm
Antimicrobial materials and methods
US8951708B2
(en)
2013-06-05
2015-02-10
Xerox Corporation
Method of making toners
US9968698B2
(en)
2013-11-08
2018-05-15
Stc. Unm
Charged singlet-oxygen sensitizers and oppositely-charged surfactants
WO2015138965A1
(en)
2014-03-14
2015-09-17
Whitten David G
P-phenylene ethynylene compounds as bioactive and detection agents
CA2973982C
(en)
2015-01-14
2018-04-03
David G. Whitten
Conjugated polyelectrolytes and methods of using the same
WO2016149148A1
(en)
2015-03-17
2016-09-22
3M Innovative Properties Company
Solventless anti-corrosion composition and methods of using the same
EP3368207B1
(en)
2015-10-27
2021-12-01
Encapsys, LLC
Encapsulation
EP3541355B1
(en)
2016-11-21
2023-06-07
Bell Flavors And Fragrances, Inc.
Malodor counteractant composition and methods
CA3046510A1
(en)
2017-01-27
2018-08-02
Encapsys, Llc
Encapsulates
US10772851B2
(en)
2017-02-03
2020-09-15
Aaron Kurt Neumann
Treatment and prevention of fungal infections
CN110819308A
(en)
*
2018-08-10
2020-02-21
北京天山新材料技术有限公司
Phase change energy storage microcapsule and preparation method and application thereof
CA3106374A1
(en)
2019-01-11
2020-07-16
Encapsys, Llc
Incorporation of chitosan in microcapsule wall
Family Cites Families (3)
* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number
Priority date
Publication date
Assignee
Title
US3707514A
(en)
*
1968-12-23
1972-12-26
Champion Int Corp
Synthetic organic pigments and method for their production
US4001140A
(en)
*
1974-07-10
1977-01-04
Ncr Corporation
Capsule manufacture
JPS5425277A
(en)
*
1977-07-27
1979-02-26
Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd
Method of producing microcapsule
1977
1977-07-27
JP
JP9014877A
patent/JPS5425277A/en
active
Pending
1978
1978-07-20
US
US05/926,369
patent/US4251386A/en
not_active
Expired – Lifetime
1978-07-21
GB
GB7830667A
patent/GB2001927B/en
not_active
Expired
1978-07-25
DE
DE19782832637
patent/DE2832637A1/en
not_active
Withdrawn
1978-07-27
ES
ES472115A
patent/ES472115A1/en
not_active
Expired
1980
1980-02-07
US
US06/119,599
patent/US4356109A/en
not_active
Expired – Lifetime
Cited By (2)
* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number
Priority date
Publication date
Assignee
Title
US4670344A
(en)
*
1980-08-20
1987-06-02
Kureha Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha
Microcapsule for pressure-sensitive recording paper and process of preparing same
CN103301792A
(en)
*
2013-05-17
2013-09-18
哈尔滨工业大学
Preparation of urea-formaldehyde resin microcapsule pressure-sensitive adhesive by using in-situ polymerization method
Also Published As
Publication number
Publication date
US4251386A
(en)
1981-02-17
ES472115A1
(en)
1979-10-01
DE2832637A1
(en)
1979-02-08
JPS5425277A
(en)
1979-02-26
US4356109A
(en)
1982-10-26
GB2001927B
(en)
1982-02-17
Similar Documents
Publication
Publication Date
Title
GB2001927B
(en)
1982-02-17
Preparation of microcapsules
GB2002378B
(en)
1982-03-10
Preparation of oligo-imides
AU3491878A
(en)
1979-10-18
The preparation of iodophorcompounds
JPS5498800A
(en)
1979-08-03
Preparation of vincadiformin
PH15447A
(en)
1983-01-18
Processes for preparation of microspheres
NZ184328A
(en)
1979-10-25
Preparation of di-n-propylacetic acid
GR64973B
(en)
1980-06-11
Sparepart of discsaw
JPS5477376A
(en)
1979-06-20
Preparation of diatomite filterraid
JPS5477383A
(en)
1979-06-20
Preparation of hole
JPS5460387A
(en)
1979-05-15
Preparation of polyisobuthene
JPS5432178A
(en)
1979-03-09
Manufacture of microcapsule
JPS5472286A
(en)
1979-06-09
Preparation of 11alkene
IL52239A0
(en)
1977-08-31
Preparation of alpha-ketocarboxamides
IL52021A
(en)
1980-07-31
Preparation of , -di-n-propyl-acetonitrile
AU4213978A
(en)
1979-06-07
Preparation of phenylbutenones
NZ184327A
(en)
1979-04-26
Preparation of di-n-propyl-acetamide
IL52238A0
(en)
1977-08-31
Preparation of alpha-ketocarboxamides
JPS53125273A
(en)
1978-11-01
Manufacture of monoonucleus microcapsule
IL56226A0
(en)
1979-03-12
N-hydrazides of 2-benzothiazolinone
IE781843L
(en)
1979-03-14
Preparation of morpholinodithiothiazoles
AU4069178A
(en)
1980-04-17
Preparation of 6-thiatetracycline
JPS5485828A
(en)
1979-07-07
Preparation of cases
GB2007651B
(en)
1982-05-26
Preparation of diacetoxybutene
IL52887A0
(en)
1977-11-30
The preparation of bis-cycloalkenopyridines
JPS5412397A
(en)
1979-01-30
Preparation of oxoalkylxanthine
Legal Events
Date
Code
Title
Description
1993-03-17
PCNP
Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee
Effective date:
19920721