AU586894B2 - Creation of Inventions and Patents with Artificial Intelligence

AU586894B2 – Liquid-vapour contact method and apparatus
– Google Patents

AU586894B2 – Liquid-vapour contact method and apparatus
– Google Patents
Liquid-vapour contact method and apparatus

Info

Publication number
AU586894B2

AU586894B2
AU63546/86A
AU6354686A
AU586894B2
AU 586894 B2
AU586894 B2
AU 586894B2
AU 63546/86 A
AU63546/86 A
AU 63546/86A
AU 6354686 A
AU6354686 A
AU 6354686A
AU 586894 B2
AU586894 B2
AU 586894B2
Authority
AU
Australia
Prior art keywords
liquid
contact method
vapour contact
vapour
contact
Prior art date
1985-10-04
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)

Ceased

Application number
AU63546/86A
Other versions

AU6354686A
(en

Inventor
David Charles Fletcher Gladman
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)

BOC Group Ltd

Original Assignee
BOC Group Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
1985-10-04
Filing date
1986-10-03
Publication date
1989-07-27
Family has litigation

First worldwide family litigation filed
litigation
Critical
https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=10586235&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=AU586894(B2)
“Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

1986-10-03
Application filed by BOC Group Ltd
filed
Critical
BOC Group Ltd

1987-04-09
Publication of AU6354686A
publication
Critical
patent/AU6354686A/en

1989-07-27
Application granted
granted
Critical

1989-07-27
Publication of AU586894B2
publication
Critical
patent/AU586894B2/en

2006-10-03
Anticipated expiration
legal-status
Critical

Status
Ceased
legal-status
Critical
Current

Links

Espacenet

Global Dossier

Discuss

Classifications

F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING

F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES

F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE

F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification

F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream

F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air

F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion

F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams

F25J3/0429—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of feed air, e.g. used as waste or product air or expanded into an auxiliary column

B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING

B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL

B01D—SEPARATION

B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping

B01D3/14—Fractional distillation or use of a fractionation or rectification column

B01D3/143—Fractional distillation or use of a fractionation or rectification column by two or more of a fractionation, separation or rectification step

B01D3/146—Multiple effect distillation

F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING

F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES

F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE

F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification

F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams

F25J3/04187—Cooling of the purified feed air by recuperative heat-exchange; Heat-exchange with product streams

F25J3/04193—Division of the main heat exchange line in consecutive sections having different functions

F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING

F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES

F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE

F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification

F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams

F25J3/04187—Cooling of the purified feed air by recuperative heat-exchange; Heat-exchange with product streams

F25J3/0423—Subcooling of liquid process streams

F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING

F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES

F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE

F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification

F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion

F25J3/04303—Lachmann expansion, i.e. expanded into oxygen producing or low pressure column

F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING

F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES

F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE

F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification

F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion

F25J3/04375—Details relating to the work expansion, e.g. process parameter etc.

F25J3/04393—Details relating to the work expansion, e.g. process parameter etc. using multiple or multistage gas work expansion

F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING

F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES

F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE

F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification

F25J3/04406—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system

F25J3/04412—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system in a classical double column flowsheet, i.e. with thermal coupling by a main reboiler-condenser in the bottom of low pressure respectively top of high pressure column

F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING

F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES

F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE

F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification

F25J3/04642—Recovering noble gases from air

F25J3/04648—Recovering noble gases from air argon

F25J3/04654—Producing crude argon in a crude argon column

F25J3/04666—Producing crude argon in a crude argon column as a parallel working rectification column of the low pressure column in a dual pressure main column system

F25J3/04672—Producing crude argon in a crude argon column as a parallel working rectification column of the low pressure column in a dual pressure main column system having a top condenser

F25J3/04678—Producing crude argon in a crude argon column as a parallel working rectification column of the low pressure column in a dual pressure main column system having a top condenser cooled by oxygen enriched liquid from high pressure column bottoms

F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING

F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES

F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE

F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification

F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used

F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines

F25J3/04896—Details of columns, e.g. internals, inlet/outlet devices

F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING

F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES

F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE

F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification

F25J2200/50—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification using multiple (re-)boiler-condensers at different heights of the column

F25J2200/52—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification using multiple (re-)boiler-condensers at different heights of the column in the high pressure column of a double pressure main column system

F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING

F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES

F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE

F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification

F25J2200/50—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification using multiple (re-)boiler-condensers at different heights of the column

F25J2200/54—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification using multiple (re-)boiler-condensers at different heights of the column in the low pressure column of a double pressure main column system

F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING

F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES

F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE

F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification

F25J2200/90—Details relating to column internals, e.g. structured packing, gas or liquid distribution

F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING

F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES

F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE

F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means

F25J2205/02—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using simple phase separation in a vessel or drum

F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING

F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES

F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE

F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means

F25J2205/24—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using regenerators, cold accumulators or reversible heat exchangers

F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING

F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES

F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE

F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams

F25J2245/40—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams the recycled stream being air

F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING

F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES

F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE

F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 – F25J2280/00

F25J2290/10—Mathematical formulae, modeling, plot or curves; Design methods

AU63546/86A
1985-10-04
1986-10-03
Liquid-vapour contact method and apparatus

Ceased

AU586894B2
(en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number
Priority Date
Filing Date
Title

GB858524598A

GB8524598D0
(en)

1985-10-04
1985-10-04
Liquid-vapour contact

GB8524598

1986-09-12

Publications (2)

Publication Number
Publication Date

AU6354686A

AU6354686A
(en)

1987-04-09

AU586894B2
true

AU586894B2
(en)

1989-07-27

Family
ID=10586235
Family Applications (1)

Application Number
Title
Priority Date
Filing Date

AU63546/86A
Ceased

AU586894B2
(en)

1985-10-04
1986-10-03
Liquid-vapour contact method and apparatus

Country Status (7)

Country
Link

US
(1)

US4843828A
(en)

EP
(1)

EP0218467B1
(en)

JP
(1)

JP2773859B2
(en)

AU
(1)

AU586894B2
(en)

DE
(1)

DE3676775D1
(en)

GB
(2)

GB8524598D0
(en)

ZA
(1)

ZA867474B
(en)

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1986-11-24
1991-06-12
The BOC Group plc
Air separation

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1989-05-08
1990-12-04
Hitachi Ltd
Air separator

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1990-03-06
1991-09-17
Air Products And Chemicals, Inc.
Production of ultra-high purity oxygen from cryogenic air separation plants

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1990-08-06
1992-08-11
Air Products And Chemicals, Inc.
Production of nitrogen free of light impurities

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(en)

1991-11-15
1994-03-01
Air Products And Chemicals, Inc.
Inter-column heat integration for multi-column distillation system

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1992-03-26
1993-11-23
Praxair Technology, Inc.
High recovery cryogenic rectification system

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(en)

1992-05-19
1993-07-27
Air Products And Chemicals, Inc.
Inter-column heat integration for multi-column distillation system

US5419137A
(en)

1993-08-16
1995-05-30
The Boc Group, Inc.
Air separation process and apparatus for the production of high purity nitrogen

JP3472631B2
(en)

1994-09-14
2003-12-02
日本エア・リキード株式会社

Air separation equipment

US5507148A
(en)

1994-10-25
1996-04-16
The Boc Group, Inc.
Air separation method and apparatus to produce nitrogen

US5678426A
(en)

1995-01-20
1997-10-21
Air Products And Chemicals, Inc.
Separation of fluid mixtures in multiple distillation columns

US6354105B1
(en)

1999-12-03
2002-03-12
Ipsi L.L.C.
Split feed compression process for high recovery of ethane and heavier components

JP4018443B2
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2002-05-13
2007-12-05
株式会社前川製作所

Thermosiphon chiller refrigerator for cold regions

US7821158B2
(en)

2008-05-27
2010-10-26
Expansion Energy, Llc
System and method for liquid air production, power storage and power release

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2010-08-13
2012-02-16
Linde Aktiengesellschaft
Method for recovering compressed oxygen and compressed nitrogen by low temperature degradation of air in e.g. classical lime dual column system, for nitrogen-oxygen separation, involves driving circuit compressor by external energy

US8907524B2
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2013-05-09
2014-12-09
Expansion Energy Llc
Systems and methods of semi-centralized power storage and power production for multi-directional smart grid and other applications

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2013-08-05
2018-05-15
Gradiant Corporation
Water treatment systems and associated methods

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2013-09-23
2019-06-04
Gradiant Corporation
Desalination systems and associated methods

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(en)

2014-10-22
2015-12-29
Gradiant Corporation
Selective scaling in desalination water treatment systems and associated methods

US10167218B2
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2015-02-11
2019-01-01
Gradiant Corporation
Production of ultra-high-density brines

US20160228795A1
(en)

2015-02-11
2016-08-11
Gradiant Corporation
Methods and systems for producing treated brines

EP3328522A4
(en)

2015-07-29
2019-04-24
Gradiant Corporation
Osmotic desalination methods and associated systems

US10245555B2
(en)

2015-08-14
2019-04-02
Gradiant Corporation
Production of multivalent ion-rich process streams using multi-stage osmotic separation

WO2017030932A1
(en)

2015-08-14
2017-02-23
Gradiant Corporation
Selective retention of multivalent ions

WO2017147113A1
(en)

2016-02-22
2017-08-31
Gradiant Corporation
Hybrid desalination systems and associated methods

KR102110539B1
(en)

2018-01-31
2020-05-13
엘지전자 주식회사
Air conditioning system

AU2019325567A1
(en)

2018-08-22
2021-03-04
Gradiant Corporation
Liquid solution concentration system comprising isolated subsystem and related methods

NL2025120B1
(en)

2020-03-13
2021-10-19
Gommers Dev Group S R O
Device and method for distillation

EP4247522A1
(en)

2020-11-17
2023-09-27
Gradiant Corporation
Osmotic methods and systems involving energy recovery

US20230074304A1
(en)

2021-09-07
2023-03-09
Uop Llc
Vapor distribution system in a concentric reboiler

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1976-12-02
1978-04-11

Fluor Engineers And Constructors, Inc.

Process for recovery of liquid hydrocarbons

US4152129A
(en)

1977-02-04
1979-05-01

Trentham Corporation

Method for separating carbon dioxide from methane

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Method and system for the fractionation of ethane-propane mixtures

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METHOD FOR SEPARATING METHANE FROM A RAW GAS CONTAINING METHANE

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Method of separating air

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Energy-saving distillative separation using low-temperature heat input

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Air Products And Chemicals, Inc.
Process and apparatus for the separation of air

1985

1985-10-04
GB
GB858524598A
patent/GB8524598D0/en
active
Pending

1986

1986-09-12
GB
GB8622056A
patent/GB2181828B/en
not_active
Expired

1986-09-30
ZA
ZA867474A
patent/ZA867474B/en
unknown

1986-10-01
DE
DE8686307564T
patent/DE3676775D1/en
not_active
Revoked

1986-10-01
EP
EP86307564A
patent/EP0218467B1/en
not_active
Revoked

1986-10-03
AU
AU63546/86A
patent/AU586894B2/en
not_active
Ceased

1986-10-04
JP
JP61236986A
patent/JP2773859B2/en
not_active
Expired – Lifetime

1988

1988-04-15
US
US07/183,470
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1976-12-02
1978-04-11
Fluor Engineers And Constructors, Inc.
Process for recovery of liquid hydrocarbons

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(en)

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Also Published As

Publication number
Publication date

GB2181828B
(en)

1989-09-27

JPS62162876A
(en)

1987-07-18

EP0218467A1
(en)

1987-04-15

GB8524598D0
(en)

1985-11-06

US4843828A
(en)

1989-07-04

ZA867474B
(en)

1987-05-27

GB2181828A
(en)

1987-04-29

AU6354686A
(en)

1987-04-09

EP0218467B1
(en)

1991-01-09

DE3676775D1
(en)

1991-02-14

GB8622056D0
(en)

1986-10-22

JP2773859B2
(en)

1998-07-09

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