AU611176B2 - Creation of Inventions and Patents with Artificial Intelligence

AU611176B2 – Tiles for playground surfaces
– Google Patents

AU611176B2 – Tiles for playground surfaces
– Google Patents
Tiles for playground surfaces

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Publication number
AU611176B2

AU611176B2
AU19388/88A
AU1938888A
AU611176B2
AU 611176 B2
AU611176 B2
AU 611176B2
AU 19388/88 A
AU19388/88 A
AU 19388/88A
AU 1938888 A
AU1938888 A
AU 1938888A
AU 611176 B2
AU611176 B2
AU 611176B2
Authority
AU
Australia
Prior art keywords
tile
projections
tiles
edge
projection
Prior art date
1987-06-16
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)

Ceased

Application number
AU19388/88A
Other versions

AU1938888A
(en

Inventor
Alan David Browne
Andrew Bryan Yates
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)

SMP Playgrounds Ltd

Original Assignee
SMP Playgrounds Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
1987-06-16
Filing date
1988-06-13
Publication date
1991-06-06
Family has litigation

First worldwide family litigation filed
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https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=10618957&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=AU611176(B2)
“Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

1988-06-13
Application filed by SMP Playgrounds Ltd
filed
Critical
SMP Playgrounds Ltd

1989-01-19
Publication of AU1938888A
publication
Critical
patent/AU1938888A/en

1991-06-06
Application granted
granted
Critical

1991-06-06
Publication of AU611176B2
publication
Critical
patent/AU611176B2/en

2008-06-13
Anticipated expiration
legal-status
Critical

Status
Ceased
legal-status
Critical
Current

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Classifications

E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS

E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES

E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR

E01C5/00—Pavings made of prefabricated single units

E01C5/005—Individual couplings or spacer elements for joining the prefabricated units

E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS

E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES

E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR

E01C13/00—Pavings or foundations specially adapted for playgrounds or sports grounds; Drainage, irrigation or heating of sports grounds

E01C13/04—Pavings made of prefabricated single units

E01C13/045—Pavings made of prefabricated single units the prefabricated single units consisting of or including bitumen, rubber or plastics

E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS

E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES

E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR

E01C5/00—Pavings made of prefabricated single units

E01C5/18—Pavings made of prefabricated single units made of rubber units

Description

1.1 II1.
I |1.25 1111 1 .6 VW~LY ,VL6 L j- lq,! 1 1-1, ll ZAXMAnis80dONW1N I(‘1149 J12V Id 068L99l7EZL zAXMAnsi bouwIl!H 1 a p o ZAXMAliSdOdONW1Nr1H0Al(sa3 iV ‘Id 01 I I-8 1.21 111111. 11i 6 i s AU-AI-19388/88 WORLD INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY ORGANIZATION International Bureau PCT INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT) (51) International Patent Classification 4 (11) International Publication Number: WO 88/ 10339 E01C 5/18, 13/00 Al (43) International Publication Date: S29 _cember 1988 (29.12.88) (21) International Application Number: PCT/GB88/00456 Aent: LRWI L, J n; AB hornton Co., Northumberland ouse, 303-3 igh Holborn, London (22) International Filing Date: 13 June 1988 (13.06.88) WC1V 7LE (GB).
(31) Priority Aprlication Number: 8713995 (81) Designated States: AT (European patent), AU, BE (European patent), CH (European patent), DE (Euro- (32) Priority ‘)ate: 16 June 1987 (16.06.87) pean patent), FR (European patent), GB, GB (European patent), IT (European patent), JP, LU (Euro- (33) Prioritb Country: GB pean patent), NL (European patent), SE (European patent), US.
(71) Applic:–it (for all designated States except US): SMP (PLA YGROUNDS) LIMITED [GB/GB]; Pound Published Road’, Chertsey, Surrey KTI6 8EJ With international search report.
(72) Inventors; and A.Q. 1 6 MAR 1989 Inventors/Applicants (for US only) BROWNE, Alan, David [GB/GB]; Chailey, 34A South Approach, Moor Park, Northwood, Middlesex HA6 2ET
AUSTPALIAN
YATES, Andrew, Bryan [GB/GB]; 19 Brook Farm Road, Cobham, Surrey KT11 3AX (GB).9 Ji .199 PATENT OFF-ICE (54) Title: TILES FOR PLAYGROUND SURFACES (57) Abstract 2 1 A 2 1 A tile of rubber or the like has hollow cylindri- Acal projections extending from the underside of a sheet and adapted to buckle to cushion impacts, against the upper surface of the tile. The tiles, edge strips which are laid around the tiled area to define a smooth transition between the surfaces of the A tiles and the surrounding ground surface, are fixed to the ground by fixing members (15) which tightly em- brace the projections on the underside of the tiles and edge strips. A’
A
A “A -2
-A
AA A
S–A
2
A–
X
r NO ATTESTATION____ OR SEAL Signature(s) of declarant(s).
To: The Commissioner of Patents, Australia I 88/10339 PCT/GB88/00456 Tiles For Playground Surfaces This invention relates to tiles for covering playground surfaces.
In order to reduce risk of injury to falling children it has become usual to cover hard ground surfaces under and around play structures, such as swings, slides, climbing frames, etc. with a layer of material such as rubber having energy absorbing properties.
As well as providing cushioning against falls, the surface layer reduces the chances of cuts and abrasions. The surface layer can conveniently be applied in the form of tiles of rectangular, especially square shape. In order to prevent unintentional movement and unauthorised removal of the tiles they are firmly affixed to the.underlying surface and to each other by adhesive. This fixing technique has the disadvantages that great care is needed when laying the tiles to ensure that they abut tightly A together and no gaps which’would collect dirt and form trip points are left. Furthermore, replacement of individual damaged tiles is a difficult problem.
Known in the art are generally flat solid tiles which can be laid on top of a level ground surface. A ramp edge can be laid around the tiled area to provide a smooth gradual transition from the surrounding ground surface to the tile surface. These tiles provide only limited energy absorbtion under impact due to their rela- L SUBSTITUTE SHEET I..6 2 tively small thickness. An alteLnative form of tile having better energy absorbing characteristics consists of a flat upper sheet or pad from the lower side of which projects a multiplicity of integral conical studs. The length of the studs is several times the thickness of the upper sheet, and the tile as a whole has such a thickness that it is not ideal for laying directly on top of the ground surface, and it is usually necessary to provide a shallow excavation enabling the tiles to be sunk into the ground. This is normally done so that the tile surface is level with the surrounding ground. The need for the ground to be prepared in this way is a drawback, especially if the tiles are to be laid at an already existing playground. The enhanced energy absorbtion is achieved by the conical studs which are solid and on impact become progressi-ely compressed in the direction of .6 their length.
The present invention has for its broad aim to eliminate, or at least significantly reduce the 20 disadvantages of the known tiles as elucidated above.
o• :6:In accordance with one aspect of the invention there is provided a playground surface tile system, comprising a tile formed of resiliently deformable material and including an imperforate upper sheet having a 66*066 O 25 substantially planar upper surface and an underside from 6666 which extend integral projections in the form of hollow cylinders and open at the lower ends thereof, the projections having a length substantially less than the diameter thereof and being spaced apart from each other in regular array, and the projections being capable of collapsing by buckling under an impact against the upper surface of the sheet, thereby to cushion the impact, and a fixing member positionable between the tile and the playground surface for securing the tile to the playground surface, the fixing member having means for fastening the member to said surface, and said member being engageable with a projection of the tile to grip firmly said ,KS T projection to anchor the tile to the surface.
L
9.
9
I,
0 9.
0994 9090 3 By the projections being designed to buckle, the same energy absorbtion performance can be achieved with projections of much shorter length than the solid studs used in the prior art tiles, and without forfeiting the support given to the sheet under normal loading.
In a preferred construction the projections are cylindrical and have a length substantially less than their diameter. The projections are arranged in a regular array with their centres located at the corners of a pattern of squares.
In a preferred embodiment the tiles have part projections at the edges thereof, and the fixing member is capable of engaging part projections of adjacent tiles for holding the tiles in close abutment as well as fixing them 15 to the ground. In the case of a tile with cylindrical projections, e.g. as described above, the annular engaging part of the fixing member is preferably circular and S dimensioned to fit tightly around a projection. The engaging part, and possibly the tile projection can be .20 provided with a locking tooth-like projection. The first part may be adapted, e.g. by the provision of holes, to be fixed to the ground by bolts or other fasteners.
By use of separate fixing members the tiles can be fixed securely in position for normal purposes, but 25 they are easier to replace and easier to lay than tiles S stuck down with adhesive.
According to a third aspect the present invention provides an edge strip for use with a surface tile of rubber or other resiliently deformable material, the strip being of a similar material and being arranged to be fixed against a free edge of the tile to provide a S transition between the tile and an adjacent ground surface. One novel feature of the edge strip resides in each end thereof being angled substantially at 1350 to the inner edge of the strip, and having areas of reduced thickness defining lines along which the strip can be cut, said lines extending at angles of substantially 90 and 450, respectively, to the *.eo.
o 9 00 09 00 09
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W’0 88/10339 PCT/GB88/00456 4 inner edge. With such an edge strip the same strip can be used, by severing the end along a cut line if necessary, to form a straight connection between an internal corner or an external corner with an adjacent edge strip. A second novel feature of the edge strip resides in an outer edge portion normally projecting beyond the lower face of the strip, whereby the edge portion is stressed into abutment with the ground when the edge strip is fixed to the ground. The stressing of the edge portion helps prevent gaps, e.g. if the ground is not perfectly flat, and to prevent articles being forced under the edge.
A better understanding of the invention will be had from the following description, given with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:- Figure 1 shows in plan view a tile layout; Figure 2 is a perspective view of one tile; Figure 3 is an underneath view of the tile; Figure 4 is a section taken along the line IV-IV in Figure 3; Figure 5 is a plan view of a tile ground fixing member; Figure 6 is a side view of the fixing member; Figure 7 is a section taken along the line VII- VII in Figure Figure 8 is a sectional view showing the engagement of the fixing member with two tiles; Figures 9, 10 and 11 show in plan, side and end view, respectively, a tile edge strip; Figure 12 shows in end view an alternative edge strip; Figure 13 is an underneath view of a modified tile for use in a cavity installation; Figure 14 is an enlarged view showing a corner part of the tile in Figure 13; i6T. 1OTS HCT 088/10339 PCT/GB88/00456 5 Figures 15, 16 and 17 are sections taken along the lines XV XV, XVI XVI and XVII XVII, respectively, in Figure 14; Figure 18 is a plan view of a ground fixing member for use with the tile of Figure 13; and Figures 19, 20 and 21 are sections taken along the lines XIX XIX, XX XX and XXI XXI, respectively, of Figure 18.
Illustrated in Figure 1 is a playground tile layout, the tiles being laid on the top of a level ground surface. As shown there are five tiles 1 of identical construction to each other. Extending around the tiles is a continuous ramp edge or square edge formed from idenbical edge strips 2 as will be described in more detail below. The tiles and edge stripsare fastened securely to the ground by ground fixing members located at the positions indicated by the letters A and B in Figure 1.
Each tile 1 is formed as a rubber moulding and as may be seen from Figures 2 to 4 has a generally flat upper sheet 4 from the underside of which extend projections 5 arranged in a regular array. The projections consist of hollow cylinders open at their lower ends and arranged with their centres at the corners of a pattern of squares. Half-projections are located at the tile edges, with quarter projections at the corners, the arrangement being such that each tile edge has the same appearance as the other three edges. When two tiles are Splaced together the half-projections combine to form complete cylindrical projections, and when the corners of four tiles are placed together the quarter-projections define a complete cylinder, as will be apparent from Figure 1. The tile may have a thickness of around 50 mm with the upper sheet having a thickness of about .1 to thelength of the projections. The diameter of the projections is substantially greater than, e.g. 2 to 3 times, their SUBSTITUTE :i-1T WO 88/10339 6 length. Under normal loads the projections 5 provide firm support for the sheet 4, but the walls of the projections can buckle under a shock loading to cushion the impact and provide gradual energy absorbtion.
A moulded rubber edge strip 2 is shown in detail in Figures 9 to 11. It includes half cylindrical projections 7 along its inner edge, arranged to register with the half-projections of a tile 1 against which the edge strip is located, and a downwardly sloping side wa-lL 8 for providing a gradual transition from the top surface of the adjacent tile to the surrounding ground surface. Each end of the strip is inclined to the inner edge at 135 so that two strips can be positioned against adjacent edges of a tile and define a continuous ramp surface around the external corner e.g. as indicated at positions X in Figure 1. At each end the strip 2 is moulded with V-grooves 9, 10, or the like, extending’along lines at 900 and 45 0 to the inner edge. These V-grooves define predetermined cut lines. Two strips cut along grooves 9 can be laid in a straight line, as indicated at positions Y in Figure 1, and two strips cut along grooves can define an internal corner ramp section as indicated at Z in Figure 1. Thus only one form of strip is needed to provide a continuous ramp edge around a tile layout, whatever the perimeter shape.
The side wall 8 includes a wedge shaped free edge portion 12 which projects beyond the lower face of the edge strip 1, so that when the strip is fixed to the ground the portion 12 is stressed and presses down against the ground. This ensures that the edge fits tightly against the ground to prevent ingress of dirt under the edge strip and prevents articles being pushed under the edge strip. If required the undersurface of the edge portion 12 can be affixed to the ground with adhesive.
An alternative form of edge strip is shown in SUBSTITUTE
SHEET
88/1033 PCT/GB88/00456 7 Figure 12. It differs from that of Figures 9 to 11 in that it has a vertical outer side wall 13 instead of a sloping wall. This strip is intended to be used when the tiles are to he recessed into a cavity and it obviates the need for a surrounding timber or concrete up-stand which would otherwise be required.
The tiles 1 and edge strips 2 are secured to the ground by ground fixing members 15, one of which is shown in Figures S to 7. It can be fonned as a plastics or hard. rubber moulding and consists of an annular base 16 with an upstanding circular rim 17 having an internal diameter to make a tight fit around the tile projections. On the inside of the rim a locking tooth 18 is provided for gripping the projection. The base includes a pair of projecting lugs 19 with holes 20 intended for bolting the member to the ground. After the member 15 has been fixed to the ground a tile projection is forced down into the rim 17 to fasten the tile securely to the ground. As many fixing members may be used for each tile (up to the total number of projections 5) as may be considered appropriate, but a few located at suitable positions should be adequate. Some members 15 may be used merely to hold adjacent tiles together, such as that at position B in Figure 1, without being fixed to the ground. The fixing members shown at positions A in Figure 1 are bolted to the ground. They are located at the tile edges and they engage the co-operating part projections of the edge strips and tiles for securing both to the ground. Although the tiles and edge strips are held very securely by the fixing members they can be forced away, e.g. for replacement of a damaged tile. A fixing member is shown in Figure 8 engaged with projections of two abutting tiles.
As well as fixing the tiles to the ground the fixing member holds them in tight abutment.
The modified tile illustrated in Figures 13 to 17 SUBSTITUTE SHEET i WO 88/10339 PCT/GB88/00456 8differs to that of Figures 2 to in that it has a peripheral skirt 30 depending from the upper sheet, and cruciform webs 31 interconnecting the four projections centred at the corners of each square. The webs stiffen the upper ends of.the projections to improve the energy absorbing characteristics and the skirt helps prevent sharp tools being forced between and under the tiles in an unauthorised attempt to remove them. Furthermore, the projections 5 are tapered at their lower ends to facilitate insertion into the gripping members, and are provided with peripheral grooves 33 to assist their locking engagement in these members. Four uniformly spaced notches 34 are provided in the bottom of each projection for accommodating radial spokes 36 of the modified ground fixing member which is shown in Figures 18 to 21. In addition to the base.16 and upstanding rim 17, the fixing member has a frusto-conical hub 37 which is located centrally within the rim and connected to it by the spokes 36. To give extra stiffness to the lugs 19, they are lormed with upstanding edges 38 which are joined to the rim 17. When a cylindrical projection 5 is forced down into the annular space defined between the hub 37 and the rim 17, the inner edge of the projection engages the conical surface of the hub, causing the projection to be expanded so that the rim tooth 18 engages securely in the groove 33 to ensure a very firm attachment.
From the foregoing it will be understood that when laying the tiles the fixing members 15 are fixed to the ground by bolts or pins using conventional techniques and then the tiles land edge strips 2 (after appropriate trimming of the strip ends) are simply pressed down into position.
No special measures are needed to ensure that the tiles and strips abut tightly at the joints. Because the legs 19 are confined to one half of the member 15, it is also possible for a fixing member to be anchored to the ground SUSTITUTE
SHEET
I o 88/10339 PCr/GB88/00456 9 after a tile edge projection has been engaged with the member, which assists location of the member prior to fixing

Claims (11)

1. A playground surface tile system, comprising a tile formed of resiliently deformable material and including an imperforate upper sheet having a substantially planar upper surface and an underside from which extend integral projections in the form of hollow cylinders and open at the lower ends thereof, the projections having a length substantially less than the diameter thereof and being spaced apart from each other in regular array, and the projections being capable of collapsing by buckling under an impact against the upper surface of the sheet, thereby to cushion the impact, and a fixing member positionable between the tile and the playground surface for securing the tile to the playground surface, the fixing member having means for fastening the member to said surface, and said member being engageable with a projection of the tile to grip firmly said projection to anchor the tile to the surface.

2. A tile system according to claim 1, wherein the length of the projections is 2 to 3 times the S” thickness of the sheet.

9. 3. A tile system according to claim 1 or 2, 9 wherein the projections are arranged with their centres located at the corners of a pattern of j squares, the distance between the centres of adjacent projections being several times smaller than the length of the tile edges. 4. A tile system according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein integral reinforcing webs interconnect the projections at the upper portions thereof. I i Ii. I,. !i 9 ‘4 U 11 A tile system according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein an integral skirt depends from the sheet around the peripheral edge of the tile, the depth of the skirt being substantially less than the length of the projections. 6. A tile system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the fixing member has a substantially annular part for engaging a projectionNof the tile. 7. A tile system according to claim 6, wherein said substantially annular part is provided with means for gripping the projection. 8. A tile system according to claim 7, wherein said gripping means comprises a locking tooth and the projection has a peripheral groove for cooperation with said tooth. 9. A tile system according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the fixing member includes a hub portion arranged to enter the tile projection and to hold the projection in firm engagement with said gripping means.

10. A tile system according to any of the preceding claims wherein the lower end of the projection is tapered to facilitate insertion into the fixing member.

11. A tile system according to any one of claims 6 to 10, wherein said substantially annular part of the fixing member is integral with an annular base, and the fixing means comprises at least one lug projecting from the base and having a hole for securing the lug to the underlying surface with a fastener, such as a bolt, inserted through the hole. 9 *9 4 securing the tile to the playground surface, the fixing member having means for fastening the member to said surface, and said member being engageable with a projection of the tile to grip firmly said projection to anchor the tile to the surface. I I 1 12 12

12. A tile system according to any of the preceding claims wherein the tile is formed with part projections at the edges thereof, and the fixing member is engageable with part projections of two such tiles laid side-by-side for holding said tiles in close abutment and for fixing said tiles to said underlying surface.

13. A tile system according to any one of the preceding claims wherein a separate edge strip is provided in combination therewith and is positionable alongside the tile to form a transition between the upper surface of the tile and an adjacent ground surface, the edge strip being made of resiliently deformable material.

14. A tile system according to claim 13, wherein the ends of the edge strip are at.an angle of substantially 1350 to the inner edge thereof, and each end can be cut off at an angle of 900 or 450 to said inner edge, if required.

15. A tile system according to claim 14, wherein the edge strip is provided with means to indicate the lines of cut at 900 and 450. 4*

16. A tile system according to any one of claims 13 to 15, wherein the edge strip defines a ramp surface, the lower edge portion projecting beyond the underface of the edge strip whereby the edge portion is stressed to abut firmly against an underlying surface when the edge strip is fixed to £sid surface.

17. A tile system according to any one of claims 13 to 16, wherein the tile has part projections I r’ r I I 1 13 located at the side edges thereof, and the edge strip is provided with complementary part projections at the inner edge of said strip and arranged to register with the part projections of the tile, whereby the fixing member may embrace said part projections to hold the tile and edge strip in close abutment and for securing them to an underlying surface. r8. A tile system for a playground surface, comprising several tiles each formed of resiliently deformable material and comprising an upper sheet and integral projections extending from the underside of the sheet, the tiles being laid edge-to-edge to form a continuous surface and being secured to the ground, and a border being arranged to extend continuously around the tiled area to form a transition from the tiled surface and the surrounding ground surface, 0o. characterised in that the tile projections are hollow cylinders, semi-cylindrical projections being formed o oe at the edges of the tiles, said border is formed from identical edge strips laid alongside the free edges of the tiles, the edge strips being of similar resiliently deformable material to that of the tiles E and also being provided with semi-cylindrical projections registering with respective semi- Scylindrical projections of the tiles adjacent thereto, 9 and said edge strips and adjacent tiles are secured to each other by fixing members embracing tightly pairs of registering semi-cylindrical projections and 9 optionally fastened to the ground. 9*49** DATED THIS 18TH DAY OF MARCH, 1991 SMP (PLAYGROUNDS) LIMITED By Its Patent Attorneys GRIFFITH HACK CO. Fellows Institute of Patent Attorneys of Australia

AU19388/88A
1987-06-16
1988-06-13
Tiles for playground surfaces

Ceased

AU611176B2
(en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number
Priority Date
Filing Date
Title

GB8713995

1987-06-16

GB878713995A

GB8713995D0
(en)

1987-06-16
1987-06-16
Tiles

Publications (2)

Publication Number
Publication Date

AU1938888A

AU1938888A
(en)

1989-01-19

AU611176B2
true

AU611176B2
(en)

1991-06-06

Family
ID=10618957
Family Applications (1)

Application Number
Title
Priority Date
Filing Date

AU19388/88A
Ceased

AU611176B2
(en)

1987-06-16
1988-06-13
Tiles for playground surfaces

Country Status (6)

Country
Link

EP
(1)

EP0364474B1
(en)

JP
(1)

JPH03500311A
(en)

AU
(1)

AU611176B2
(en)

DE
(1)

DE3874740T2
(en)

GB
(1)

GB8713995D0
(en)

WO
(1)

WO1988010339A1
(en)

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1989-01-27
2000-06-15
Dieter Opitz

Flooring

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1992-07-16
1992-09-10
Zink, Walter, 7440 Nuertingen, De

WO2003033818A1
(en)

2001-10-17
2003-04-24
Werner Otto
Assembly for fixing to the ground

US7575795B2
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2002-04-02
2009-08-18
Seamless Alteratory Technologies, Inc (Satech)
Impact absorbing safety matting system with elastomeric sub-surface structure

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2005-01-20
2006-08-24
Conradi + Kaiser Gmbh
Impact absorbing mat especially for floor covering has an elastic mat with blind holes on the underside to set the required flexibility

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2005-10-22
2007-04-25
Nicholas Julian John Carr
Raised passenger platform kit

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2008-10-03
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Edizone, Llc
Breathable gel

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2008-10-03
2015-01-13
Edizone, Llc
Cushions comprising deformable members and related methods

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2017-08-14
2019-10-08
Facebook, Inc.
Exposure profile optimization

LV15393B
(en)

2017-09-15
2020-02-20
Vaitkus Rims
Elastic road and field surface from manufactured elements and its construction method

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1987

1987-06-16
GB
GB878713995A
patent/GB8713995D0/en
active
Pending

1988

1988-06-13
WO
PCT/GB1988/000456
patent/WO1988010339A1/en
active
IP Right Grant

1988-06-13
DE
DE19883874740
patent/DE3874740T2/en
not_active
Expired – Fee Related

1988-06-13
JP
JP50472588A
patent/JPH03500311A/en
active
Pending

1988-06-13
AU
AU19388/88A
patent/AU611176B2/en
not_active
Ceased

1988-06-13
EP
EP19880904997
patent/EP0364474B1/en
not_active
Expired – Lifetime

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Publication date
Assignee
Title

GB1122009A
(en)

1964-10-20
1968-07-31
Jean Becker
Improvements in or relating to surface coverings

GB1265625A
(en)

1969-11-21
1972-03-01

EP0044371A1
(en)

1980-07-23
1982-01-27
L’IMMOBILIERE THIONVILLOISE Société Anonyme Française
Composable panels for continuous impervious coverings

Also Published As

Publication number
Publication date

JPH03500311A
(en)

1991-01-24

EP0364474B1
(en)

1992-09-16

DE3874740D1
(en)

1992-10-22

DE3874740T2
(en)

1993-02-04

AU1938888A
(en)

1989-01-19

WO1988010339A1
(en)

1988-12-29

EP0364474A1
(en)

1990-04-25

GB8713995D0
(en)

1987-07-22

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