AU614662B2 - Creation of Inventions and Patents with Artificial Intelligence

AU614662B2 – Pyrotechnic train
– Google Patents

AU614662B2 – Pyrotechnic train
– Google Patents
Pyrotechnic train

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Publication number
AU614662B2

AU614662B2
AU40820/89A
AU4082089A
AU614662B2
AU 614662 B2
AU614662 B2
AU 614662B2
AU 40820/89 A
AU40820/89 A
AU 40820/89A
AU 4082089 A
AU4082089 A
AU 4082089A
AU 614662 B2
AU614662 B2
AU 614662B2
Authority
AU
Australia
Prior art keywords
films
train
pyrotechnic train
pyrotechnic
substrate
Prior art date
1986-06-25
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)

Ceased

Application number
AU40820/89A
Other versions

AU4082089A
(en

Inventor
Frederick George Allford
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)

Qinetiq Ltd

Original Assignee
UK Secretary of State for Defence
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
1986-06-25
Filing date
1989-08-28
Publication date
1991-09-05

1989-08-28
Application filed by UK Secretary of State for Defence
filed
Critical
UK Secretary of State for Defence

1990-07-12
Publication of AU4082089A
publication
Critical
patent/AU4082089A/en

1991-09-05
Application granted
granted
Critical

1991-09-05
Publication of AU614662B2
publication
Critical
patent/AU614662B2/en

2003-04-03
Assigned to QINETIQ LIMITED
reassignment
QINETIQ LIMITED
Alteration of Name(s) in Register under S187
Assignors: SECRETARY OF STATE FOR DEFENCE IN HER BRITANNIC MAJESTY’S GOVERNMENT OF THE UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND, THE

2007-07-07
Anticipated expiration
legal-status
Critical

Status
Ceased
legal-status
Critical
Current

Links

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Classifications

C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY

C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES

C06C—DETONATING OR PRIMING DEVICES; FUSES; CHEMICAL LIGHTERS; PYROPHORIC COMPOSITIONS

C06C5/00—Fuses, e.g. fuse cords

C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY

C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES

C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES

C06B45/00—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product

C06B45/12—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product having contiguous layers or zones

C06B45/14—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product having contiguous layers or zones a layer or zone containing an inorganic explosive or an inorganic explosive or an inorganic thermic component

C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY

C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL

C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL

C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material

C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material

F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING

F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING

F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION

F42B3/00—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive

F42B3/10—Initiators therefor

F42B3/16—Pyrotechnic delay initiators

Description

1.jj-25 14 1.6 O69L9VEZ t7AXMAI.bdouwj!364p~co Z~kXMAfliSNadoNW1 riHOcq l’iM Id O68L95V, L ZAXMAnfs1bdouwO11 V I Z~kM~isq owizzd.q -id 25 1.4 L.6 COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIA PATENTS ACT 1952 COMPLETE SPECIFICATION614 A2 (Original) FOR OFFICE.,USE Class Int. Class Application Number: Lodged: Complete Specification Lodged: Acceptedt Published: 0 Piority: oelated Art: a 0 0 Name of Applicant: .Address of Applicant: THE SECRETARY OF STATE FOR DEFENCE IN HER BRITANNIC MAJESTY’S GOVERNMENT OF THE UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND Whitehall, London SWlA.2HB, England 0 4 ci cici Actual Inventor(s): Address for Service: FREDERICK GEORGE ALLFORD DAVIES COLLISON, Patent Attorneys, 1 Little Collins Street, Melbourne, 3000.
Complete specification for the invention entitled: “PYROTECHNIC TRAIN” The following statement is a full descript-‘-n of this invention, including the best method of performing it &’nown to us 1- To: THE COMMISSIONER OF PATENTS (a member of the firm of DAVIES COLLISON for and on behalf of the Applicant).
Davies Collison, Melbourne and Canberra: 28 011901 2808 8 1A Pyrotechnic Train This invention relates to a pyrotechnic train, in I particular but not exclusively, suitable for use in single or multitrain delay systems. It is also applicable to bridgewire I detonators and may be further adapted to provide infra-red i 5 radiation emitting coatings for decoy systems.
Multi-train pyrotechnic delay systems are known for I initiating complex sequences of events, in a missile for example, I t These delay systems are normally constucted from known delay cords comprising lead tubes which are first packed with a prepared 10 granular pyrotechnic composition, consisting of materials which are selected, prepared and mixed in specific ratios to achieve desired S burning rates. The packed tubes are then fine drawn, cut to length, g v shaped and manually assembled with appropriate coupling components.
The whole process is lengthy and operator dependent, has high tooling costs, requires clean room assembly and can be hazardous.
n The resulting multi-train is also disadvantageous in having a Snumber of undesirable interfaces and inconsistent burning times.
Furthermore there are problems attendant upon the use of such multi- Cc t train systems within an en’closed capsule in that the lead casing, which melts during burning, becomes spattered around possibly damaging other items in the capsule, such as plastics materials casings. Also, the pressure of the gases generated during burning by the fairly large volume of pyrotechnic composition can be embarassingly high especially when the capsule is used at very low J 25 ambient pressure.
The present invention seeks to overcome these difficulties by providing a pyrotechnic train capable of having greater precision and greater inherent strength than that achievable with granular compositions, and having a production method amenable to aU omation.
Further, in a first aspect of the invention, the invention seeks to provide a fully sealable delay train.
2 In a second aspect, the invention seeks to provide an exposable pyrotechnic train which, when ignited, will radiate a pre-determined spectrum of wavelengths, and in a third aspect the invention seeks to provide a bridge ignitor having a reaction time comparable with that of an exploding bridgewire, but having greater reliability.
In accordance with the present invention, a pyrotechnic train includes a reactive laminate comprised by a plurality of films of an electron donor material alternately interlayered with a trill 10 plurality of films of an electron acceptor material, each sequentially vapour deposited upon a substrate, the said two t6 materials being conjointly capable of exothermic reaction when o subjected to heat.
~~o Preferably, each film is subsequentially deposited by 15 vacuum deposition or by sputtering, the deposition process being controlled to ensure that the thickness of each film is of substantially molecular order so as to maximise molecular o intermingling of the film materials throughout the thickness of the 4 1 laminate.
t 20 Ignition of the conjoint electron donor and electron acceptor films at any selected location initiates a selfsustaining, exothermic reaction between the molecules which progresses laterally along the film interfaces. The number and thickness of the films is selected to be sufficient to ensure a reliable and consistent lateral progression characteristic.
The reactive laminate may further include one or more films of a moderating material selectively interlayered with the said reactive films during the deposition piocess so as to moderate the lateral progression characteristic, thereby to achieve a desired burning rate. The moderating material may also be selected to inject desired frequencies into the resulting radiation spectrum.
In the first aspect of the invention, ie a sealable delay train, the substrate comprises an inert material which is preferably a poor thermal conductor so as to minimise diminution of
A
the exothermic reaction, and may conveniently be a glass or ceramic material. If however, further moderation or variation of the progression characteristic is desired the thermal conductivity of the support member may be appropriately selected.
The lateral dimensions of the reactive laminate are selected to define the width and length of a desired reaction progression path. These may be determined by the configuration of the substrate itself. The films may be deposited upon one whole surface of a planar substrate and subsequently processed by known *t t 0 10,, printed circuit techniques, to produce any desired planar configuration of progression path. In an alternative method, the I .f planar substrate may be masked prior to deposition so as to permit o deposition of the reactive films upon the substrate in the desired F ioconfiguration only.
15 15 Either of these latter two planar methods is particularly advantageous for the manufacture of complex multi-train systems, as the integral deposition of all the progression paths of the system Sthus made possible eliminates the need for undesirable r 2 interconnections.
A planar arrangement is also to be preferred in the first aspect of the invention when sealed confinement of the progression paths is required, an overlaid cover of ptfe or of an inert material, preferably of low thermal conduc.ivity, being readily sealable to the substrate. Such confinement acts both to contain I~ 25 the reaction and to control the pressure of the reaction and hence the burning rate. Consequently the closeness of confinement may be varied to provide further control of the progression characteristic.
In a second aspect of the invention, ie a radiation emitter, reactive and moderating materials are selectively employed to provide a heat output train having a specific radiation spectrum.
In the third aspect of the invention, ie a bridge ignitor, the reactive laminate is used to provide a brisant reaction progression path between two electrodes adjacent a detonating r charge, the laminate being vapour-deposited directly upon a conventional insulating support for the electrodes.
Embodiments of the invention and mpthods of manufacture will now be described by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings of which Figure 1 is a plan view of a sealed planar pyrotechnic multi-train, Figure 2 is a sectioned elevation taken on the line II-II of Figure i, Figure 3 is a sectioned elevation of an alternative terminal arrangement for the multi-train of Figure i, and S Figure 4 is an axially sectioned view of a bridge ignitor.
t The pyrotechnic multi-train illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 comprises a ceramic support plate 1 upon which is superimposed a network of reactive laminate progression paths 2 variously iilterconnecting and extending into edge terminals 3 to 7. The network of paths 2 is overlaid by a correspondingly configured cover 8 of ceramic which is peripherally sealed to the support plate 1, o*o except at the terminals 3 to 7.
S Each path 2 comprises a stack of alternately deposited coreactive films 9 and 10, and has one interleaved moderating film 11.
,The films 9 and 10 are respectively of electron acceptor and electron donor materials, those used in the present example being lead oxide for films 9 and titanium for films 10. Film 11 is f optional and may be of an inert material such as silicon.
The paths 2 are formed upon the plate 1 in a method of manufacture now to be described.
One whole face of the support plate 1 is first suitably prepared and then completely coated with the films 9, 10 and 11 in appropriate sequence using conventional vacuum deposition equipment (not shown). The deposition source materials, eg lead oxide, titanium and silicon, are each located in separate vaporising boats and vaporised in turn by electron beam in an atmosphere of argon.
To ensure a reliable reaction progression characteristic the thickness of each deposited film 9, 10 and 11 is preferably no
T
i greater than 2Lm, films of greater thickness being undesirable as their heat of absorption may be sufficient to destroy the exothermic nature of the interlayer reaction. The total number of reaction films 9 and 10 required is dependent upon the thickness and the thermal conductivity of the support plate, ie upon its effectiveness as a heat sink. Using anl,, ms, prtplate of ana support paeo Imm thickness having a thermal conductivity of 17W/m, a deposition’ of 100 films 9 and 100 films 10, each of 0.5 m thickness, has been found effective. (Only a few films are illustrated in the interest i0 of clarity).
Sl, The thus deposited films 9, 10 and 11 each have a columnar S4, crystal lattice structure which is intermolecularly engaged with ,aOo each next adjacent lattice providing a reactive laminate which once ignited will sustain an inter-lattice exothermic reaction.
4449 After completion of the deposition process, the required areas of the deposited laminate, ie the network of paths 2, are i masked with an acid resistant coating (not shown) and the remaining areas of the films removed by acid etching in the manner of known printed circuit board production techniques. The plate 8 is then superimposed and edge-sealed to the support plate 1, by means of a K compatible sealant (not shown).
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that a similar network of paths 2 can be alternatively achieved by masking the support plate prior to deposition of the film 9, 10 and 11.
In use, the progression path network is ignited electrically, or by friction or by heat donor source at a selected Sone of the terminals, terminal 3 for example, and the resulting exothermic reaction progresses along the paths 2 at uniform rate to provide an ignition source at each of the remaining terminals 4 to 7 at intervals precisely determined by the lengths of the intervening paths. In application, all or any of the terminals 4 to 7 may be used to initiate other ongoing delays or terminal events.
A further alternative method of manufacture requires the use of a photo sensitive glass for the support plate i, of a type 6 well known for printed circuit production, which is rendered less resistant to exposure to ultra-violet radiation. The plate 1 of this material can be first masked with the desired configuration of progression paths, exposed to ultra-violet radiation, and then etched so as to form a pierced template of the path network, which template is subsequently subjected to vacuum deposition of the reactive laminate as previously described. Sealing of the progression paths manufactured in this manner may be achieved by S410 encapsulating the coated template between the cover 8 and a T 10 supplementary base plate (not shown).
An alternative terminal arrangement is illustrated in Figure 3 for use when access to the multi-train is required through o the thickness of the plate 1. In this arrangement, suitably shaped Sholes 12 are provided in the plate 1 before the commencement of the 0000 deposition process, the edges of which holes become coated with the reactive laminate during subsequent deposition in common with the planar surface of the plate.
0000 0 It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that other, o more complex delay train networks can be produced in accordance with 4 t the invention. For example, specialised event initiators can be formed integrally with the paths at selected terminals during manufacture. In addition, alternative routes can be built into any particular multi-train so as to permit selection of delay times.
The first aspect of the invention is also applicable to the manufacture of track plates for the provision of multiple simultaneous ignition for the initiation of explosive or pyrotechnic devices in a wide variety of geometric configurations.
The vapour deposited reactive laminate of the invention is inherently stronger than granular pyrotechnic compositions and is therefore advantageous in use in the second aspect of the invention, in that no protective external covering is required. In this aspect the reactive and moderating materials employed in the laminate can be selected to provide a heat output train having a specific radiation spectrum. A further advantage lies in the wide 7 choice of materials that can be readily vapour deposited thus permitting provision of a comprehensive range of wavelengths in the radiation spectrum.
In its third aspect, the invention provides a ready means of fabricating electrically sensitive detonators and igniferous initiators. A conventional cylindrical arrangement is illustrated in Figure 4, in which a first electrode in the form of a pin 40 is held coaxially within a cylindrical second electrode 41 by means of an insulating bush 42, the reactive laminate 43 being deposited o 10 directly onto the annular end face of the bush adjacent a detonator o charge 44, thereby providing a reliable multi-radial reaction o° o progression path between the two electrodes capable of violent OO reaction at relatively low voltage. Such arrangements can also be used as an ignitor, merely by reducing the voltage applied to the 0 15 electrodes.
Another similar application of the invention is in the preparation of fast acting electrical cut-out fuses (not shown).
S°o The reference numerals in !twIng claims do not in any wa e scope of the respective cla’ o e V ®ro;

Claims (7)

1. A pyrotechnic train including a reactive laminate comprised by a plurality of films of an electron donor material alternately interlayered with a plurality of films of an electron acceptor material, each sequentially vapour deposited upon a substrate, the said two materials being conjointly capable of exothermic reaction when subjected to heat.

2. A pyrotechnic train as claimed in claim 1 characterised by further including at least one *I interlayered film of a moderating material.

3. A pyrotechnic train as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2 characterised in that the thickness of each film is not greater than 2 microns.

4. A pyrotechnic train as claimed in any one of claims 20 1 to 3 characterised in that the electron acceptor material is lead oxide and the electron donor material is ‘i titanium.

A pyrotechnic train as claimed in any one of the I 25 preceding claims characterised by being arranged as a bridge between two electrodes located adjacent a detonator charge.

6. A method of manufacture for a pyrotechnic train as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4 characterised in that a desired configuration of reaction progression paths is provided by the removal of unwanted regions of the deposited plurality of films from the substrate by a process of selective etching. 910603,wpftdisk31,40820.rcs,8 fi[ -9-

7. A method of manufacture for a pyrotechnic train as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4 characterised in that the substrate is selectively masked prior to deposition so as to deposit the plurality of films in a desired configuration of reaction progression paths. Dated this 3rd day of June 1991 THE SECRETARY OF STATE FOR DEFENCE IN HER BRITANNIC MAJESTY’S GOVERNMENT OF THE UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND By his Patent Attorneys DAVIES COLLISON ii i i *.8 4 1 4844 44 4 I S .4 8 4 44,4 1848 910603,wpftdisk3l,40820.rcs,9

AU40820/89A
1986-06-25
1989-08-28
Pyrotechnic train

Ceased

AU614662B2
(en)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number
Priority Date
Filing Date
Title

GB15457/86

1986-06-25

GB8615457

1986-06-25

FI894051A

FI100469B
(en)

1986-06-25
1989-08-29

Pyrotechnic ignition cable

IL9149789A

IL91497A
(en)

1986-06-25
1989-09-01
Pyrotechnic train

BR898904455A

BR8904455A
(en)

1986-06-25
1989-09-04

PIROTECHNICAL TRAIN AND MANUFACTURING PROCESS

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number
Title
Priority Date
Filing Date

AU75644/87
Division

1987-07-07

Publications (2)

Publication Number
Publication Date

AU4082089A

AU4082089A
(en)

1990-07-12

AU614662B2
true

AU614662B2
(en)

1991-09-05

Family
ID=27425204
Family Applications (1)

Application Number
Title
Priority Date
Filing Date

AU40820/89A
Ceased

AU614662B2
(en)

1986-06-25
1989-08-28
Pyrotechnic train

Country Status (12)

Country
Link

US
(1)

US5090322A
(en)

AU
(1)

AU614662B2
(en)

BR
(1)

BR8904455A
(en)

CA
(1)

CA1308303C
(en)

DE
(1)

DE3744876C1
(en)

FI
(1)

FI100469B
(en)

FR
(1)

FR2712586B1
(en)

GB
(1)

GB8712789D0
(en)

IL
(1)

IL91497A
(en)

IT
(2)

IT8748102D0
(en)

NO
(1)

NO872582L
(en)

SE
(2)

SE8702614D0
(en)

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GB8905747D0
(en)

1989-03-13
1989-04-26
Secr Defence
Pyrotechnic material

US5266132A
(en)

1991-10-08
1993-11-30
The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy
Energetic composites

FR2704944B1
(en)

1993-05-05
1995-08-04
Ncs Pyrotechnie Technologies

Electro-pyrotechnic initiator.

US5505799A
(en)

1993-09-19
1996-04-09
Regents Of The University Of California
Nanoengineered explosives

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Regents Of The University Of California
Limited-life cartridge primers

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1996-05-09
2000-10-17
Scb Technologies, Inc.
Semiconductor bridge device and method of making the same

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1997-04-30
2003-04-29
Erico International Corporation
Exothermic reactions and methods

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1998-02-03
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Talley Defense Systems, Inc.
Thin inflator and azide polymer composition thereof

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2001-03-31
2002-10-10
Bosch Gmbh Robert

Exploding bridge

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2002-01-25
2009-02-15
Erico Int Corp

WELDING DEVICE

US7951247B2
(en)

2002-10-01
2011-05-31
Lawrence Livermore National Security, Llc
Nano-laminate-based ignitors

US8414718B2
(en)

2004-01-14
2013-04-09
Lockheed Martin Corporation
Energetic material composition

US7896990B1
(en)

2004-02-20
2011-03-01
The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy
Burn rate nanotube modifiers

US20070169862A1
(en)

2006-01-24
2007-07-26
Lockheed Martin Corporation
Energetic thin-film initiator

US7829157B2
(en)

2006-04-07
2010-11-09
Lockheed Martin Corporation
Methods of making multilayered, hydrogen-containing thermite structures

US7886668B2
(en)

2006-06-06
2011-02-15
Lockheed Martin Corporation
Metal matrix composite energetic structures

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2006-06-06
2012-08-28
Lockheed Martin Corporation
Structural metallic binders for reactive fragmentation weapons

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1987

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GB
GB878712789A
patent/GB8712789D0/en
active
Pending

1987-06-19
NO
NO87872582A
patent/NO872582L/en
unknown

1987-06-22
CA
CA000540198A
patent/CA1308303C/en
not_active
Expired – Lifetime

1987-06-22
US
US07/068,675
patent/US5090322A/en
not_active
Expired – Lifetime

1987-06-24
SE
SE8702614A
patent/SE8702614D0/en
unknown

1987-06-24
FR
FR8708879A
patent/FR2712586B1/en
not_active
Expired – Fee Related

1987-06-24
DE
DE3744876A
patent/DE3744876C1/en
not_active
Expired – Fee Related

1987-06-25
IT
IT8748102A
patent/IT8748102D0/en
unknown

1989

1989-08-28
AU
AU40820/89A
patent/AU614662B2/en
not_active
Ceased

1989-08-29
FI
FI894051A
patent/FI100469B/en
not_active
IP Right Cessation

1989-09-01
IL
IL9149789A
patent/IL91497A/en
not_active
IP Right Cessation

1989-09-04
BR
BR898904455A
patent/BR8904455A/en
not_active
IP Right Cessation

1989-09-05
SE
SE8902923A
patent/SE8902923L/en
not_active
Application Discontinuation

1990

1990-05-25
IT
IT04800690A
patent/IT1242701B/en
active
IP Right Grant

Also Published As

Publication number
Publication date

IL91497A0
(en)

1990-04-29

FR2712586A1
(en)

1995-05-24

SE8902923D0
(en)

1989-09-05

IT9048006D0
(en)

1990-05-25

NO872582L
(en)

1989-09-18

US5090322A
(en)

1992-02-25

IT9048006A1
(en)

1991-11-25

FI894051A0
(en)

1989-08-29

SE8702614D0
(en)

1987-06-24

BR8904455A
(en)

1991-03-12

FR2712586B1
(en)

1997-01-17

IL91497A
(en)

1994-11-11

SE8902923L
(en)

1991-03-01

IT8748102D0
(en)

1987-06-25

FI894051A
(en)

1991-03-01

IT1242701B
(en)

1994-05-17

FI100469B
(en)

1997-12-15

GB8712789D0
(en)

1989-10-18

DE3744876C1
(en)

2001-01-18

CA1308303C
(en)

1992-10-06

AU4082089A
(en)

1990-07-12

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