AU686220B2 - Creation of Inventions and Patents with Artificial Intelligence

AU686220B2 – Manufacture of knitted brief blanks
– Google Patents

AU686220B2 – Manufacture of knitted brief blanks
– Google Patents
Manufacture of knitted brief blanks

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Info

Publication number
AU686220B2

AU686220B2
AU75428/94A
AU7542894A
AU686220B2
AU 686220 B2
AU686220 B2
AU 686220B2
AU 75428/94 A
AU75428/94 A
AU 75428/94A
AU 7542894 A
AU7542894 A
AU 7542894A
AU 686220 B2
AU686220 B2
AU 686220B2
Authority
AU
Australia
Prior art keywords
blanks
needles
yarn
brief
tube
Prior art date
1993-09-08
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)

Ceased

Application number
AU75428/94A
Other versions

AU7542894A
(en

Inventor
Antonie Hendrick Van Laar
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)

Panty Candy Ltd

Original Assignee
Panty Candy Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
1993-09-08
Filing date
1994-09-07
Publication date
1998-02-05

1994-09-07
Application filed by Panty Candy Ltd
filed
Critical
Panty Candy Ltd

1995-03-27
Publication of AU7542894A
publication
Critical
patent/AU7542894A/en

1998-02-05
Application granted
granted
Critical

1998-02-05
Publication of AU686220B2
publication
Critical
patent/AU686220B2/en

2014-09-07
Anticipated expiration
legal-status
Critical

Status
Ceased
legal-status
Critical
Current

Links

Espacenet

Global Dossier

Discuss

Classifications

D—TEXTILES; PAPER

D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS

D04B—KNITTING

D04B15/00—Details of, or auxiliary devices incorporated in, weft knitting machines, restricted to machines of this kind

D04B15/38—Devices for supplying, feeding, or guiding threads to needles

D04B15/54—Thread guides

D04B15/58—Thread guides for circular knitting machines; Thread-changing devices

D04B15/60—Thread guides for circular knitting machines; Thread-changing devices with thread-clamping or -severing devices

D04B15/61—Thread guides for circular knitting machines; Thread-changing devices with thread-clamping or -severing devices arranged within needle circle

D—TEXTILES; PAPER

D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS

D04B—KNITTING

D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes

D04B1/22—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes specially adapted for knitting goods of particular configuration

D04B1/24—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes specially adapted for knitting goods of particular configuration wearing apparel

D04B1/243—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes specially adapted for knitting goods of particular configuration wearing apparel upper parts of panties; pants

Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS

Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE

Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS

Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products

Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Y02P70/62—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product related technologies for production or treatment of textile or flexible materials or products thereof, including footwear

Description

WO 95/07381 PCT/GB94/01938 Title Manufacture of knitted brief blanks The present invention relates to the manufacture of knitted brief blanks fror -which briefs are produced.
By briefs is meant a garment comprising a body portion adapted to cover the lower portion of a wearers trunk from the waist downwards to and beneath the crotch, and having therein two leg openings at respectively opposite sides of the crotch portion which closes the garment at its lower end.
Traditionally, knitted briefs were manufactured by a process known as cutting and sewing in which a blank of the shape illustrated in Figure 1 of British patent no. 1 485 952 was cut manually from flat knitted fabric. The blank was then side seamed into a brief proper. Clearly this process was time consuming and thus expensive.
The invention disclosed in British patent no. 1 485 952 represented a significant step forward in that a brief blank of the required form was produced from a seamless tubular blank on a circular knitting machine. This tubular blank was then slit, flattened and side-seamed.
European patent no. 0 211 641 provided a further step forward in that it enabled a row of brief blanks to be knitted in the form of a tube which blanks were interconnected in side-by-side relationship. Figure 5 of the European patent illustrates an unslit waisted tube having walewise separation positions 22 which, when slit, provides two brief blanks for side seaming into briefs proper.
The method described in the European patent has worked well commercially save that, especially when three or more blanks have been knitted in a row, when walewise separation has been effected there has been a tendency for the crotch portion not to shrink SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) sufficiently laterally between the points AC and Al-Cl as viewed in Figure 2. This has meant that it has been necessary for an operative to cut away fabric between the lines A-Al and C-C1 which is clearly undesirable since it slows down production. Even when only two blanks have been produced it has occasionally been necessary to cut away fabric as described above.
The present invention seeks to substantially reduce the amount of yarn wasted in knitting a brief blank when knitted as one of a row of blanks as described in European Patent No 0 211 641.
European Patent Application No 0 387 765 (Lonati) discloses a process of knitting garments such as undershirts, briefs or the like on a circular knitting machine in which spaced courses (eg 1 in 4) are knitted across required arm holes or leg openings to reduce yarn wastage. However considerable wastage remains since the spaced course knitting across the arm holes or leg openings has to be cut away also entailing a separate operation.
In US Patent 3 881 327 (Mahler) a yarn cutter is disclosed in which a fixed cutter blade co-operates with a circular toothed cutter rotatable with the needle cylinder of a circular knitting machine. The arrangement includes a suction nozzle for holding a cut yarn end until it is again introduced to the needles of the machine.
oo..
•e oc i ee o
A
In accordance with the present invention a method of knitting a plurality of brief blanks in a row in side-by-side relationship in the form of a waisted tube wherein the tube is knitted and shaped to a generally hour glass configuration on an electronically controlled circular knitting machine having full electro-mechanical needle to needle selection and stitch length control, and wherein the completed tube is slit walewise to separate the brief blanks from one another; is characterised by the steps of shaping the tube by operative needle group selection at positions between the brief blanks ready for the formation of required apertures which are to provide leg openings and, on passage of a said group of operative needles past a point of yarn feed, entirely taking out of action a following group of needles which would otherwise have knitted yarn across said required apertures whilst simultaneously cutting and trapping the yarn feed to said inoperative group of needles for subsequent taking up of the trapped yarn by a next group of operative needles following the passage of said inoperative group of needles whereby said apertures are formed between the brief blanks with end portions of the latter remaining interconnected, and slitting the tube walewise at positions between said brief blanks and in alignment with said apertures to provide a plurality of separate brief blanks of required form for briefs manufacture, and without any need to subsequently cut away yearn which would otherwise have been knitted across the apertures.
A further advantage of the invention is that the shaping of the leg openings is facilitated considerably enabling each blank to e• WO 95/07381 1’CTI7GB94101938 3 be shaped and styled for a particular end use, e.g. fashion, sports or medical applications. In this connection it will be seen that different types of briefs, e.g. a sports brief and a fashion brief can be produced in the same row of a tube.
The invention will now be described further by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:- Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figures 6 and 7 Figure 8 shows, in diagrammatic form, an unslit waisted tube as taken down from a circular knitting machine; shows an opened out flat knitted brief blank produced from the knitted tube shown in Figure 1; illustrates one of the blanks, shown in Figure 2 folded over into brief form ready for seaming; illustrates briefs completed from the folded over blank of Figure 3; illustrates a modified unslit waisted tube of Figure 1 turned through a right angle; illustrates diagrammatically a method of performing the invention using a yarn cutter and trapper, and is a perspective view showing the arrangement of Figure 6 and 7 applied in practice to a multi-feed circular knitting machine.
The waisted tube T shown in Figure 1 is knitted by wholly rotary knitting on an electronically controlled multi-feed circular knitting machine. The tube T consists of two overlaid and connected brief blanks BLK and BLK’ and is of generally hour glass form after removal from the machine.
SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) WO 95/07381 PC/GiM94/01938 4 An aperture AP is shown as elongate and generally parallel sided.
It will be appreciated that the shape is for ease of illustration only since, in practice, the aperture is wider at its centre than at its ends as may be seen from Figure 5. The aperture AP has a “shaping fringe” SF is formed between DS-CS-CS-DS-D1-C1-C-D and, at that side provides leg openings LO, LO’ respectively one to each blank BLK, BLK’. Similarly at the other or right side a further aperture AP’ having a “shaping fringe” SF’ extends between BS-AS-AS-BS-B1-Al-Al-B and provides a further leg opening LO or LO’ to each blank. The crotch portion is shown between G and Gl.
The blanks BLK, BLK’ are connected at their ends E-D, DS and F- Dl, DS, and also at El-B, BS and Fl-B1, BS. The portions E-E1 and F-F1 of the front brief blank BLK will form the waistband WB of a brief produced from that blank, the same arrangement applying to the rear brief blank BLK’. In order to facilitate separation of the two brief blanks a number of needles of the machine, three, are omitted at diametrically opposite portions of the tube T as indicated at Z-Z in a known manner.
Forming of the apertures AP, AP’ during knitting avoids the considerable wastage of yarn that would otherwise have been knitted across the apertures AP, AP’ and then subsequently removed, as well as dispensing with the removal operation.
Referring to Figures 6 and 7 there is shown diagrammatically part of a circular knitting machine in which a yarn feeder is indicated at 40 having a feeder arm 41, an upper fixed yarn cutter or knife at 42, a yarn transporter and rotary lower cutter at 44 and a yarn trapping device at 46.
Although the cutter 42 is in a fixed position in relation to the rotary cutter 44, it is spring loaded at 48 against the face of the latter at the peripheral teeth 440 for an effective cutting action. The cutter 44 is a ring of flat circular saw tooth form SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) WO 95/07381 3PCI( B94/0 !938 and is rotationally fast with the needle cylinder 55 of the machine. The teeth 440 are of ratchet or buttress form to each provide a cutting edge 442 for edgewise co-operation with the fixed cutter 42.
Yarn is designated Y1 to the feeder arm 41, at Y2 from the feeder arm 41 to selected needles 50, and at Y3 away from the cutters 42, 44. The needle selecting system being known is not shown.
As the needle cylinder 55 rotates individual needles 50 are selected at the position S1 (Figure The selected needles are raised by the needle cam actuation means in a known manner to clear the old or previously knitted loops and position the needles to receive yarn Y2 from the feeder arm 41 to enable new or further loops to be formed. This knitting action continues for a group or number of selected needles When the last needle of a selected group of needles is reached and passes the feeder arm 41, subsequent needles 50′ remain at a lower or inoperative level as shown in Figure 7 and so simply pass by the arm 41. Yarn feed Y2 from the feeder arm 41 then passes over the inoperative needles 50′ inwards towards the centre of the machine knitting head and, in so doing, is caught in the teeth 440 of the transporter/cutter 44 as it rotates with the needle cylinder 55 at the same speed as the latter. In Figure 7 the yarn Y2 is shown caught by a tooth 440 just prior to being cut and is also shown already initially drawn at Y2′ into the suction nozzle 460.
The caught yarn is then scissored by the action of the rotary cutter 44 and the fixed cutter 42. This action produces two loose yarn ends, one at and with the end of the group of selected needles at Y3 away from the cutters 42, 44 and the other Y2′ from the feeder arm 41. This end Y2′ is retained by the suction action of the trapping device 46 in the nozzle 460 and suction tube 461 of the latter.
SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) WO 95/07381 PCI(; 1194/0 1938 6 When the leading needle of the next selected group of needles reaches the yarn end Y2′ from the feeder arm 41, it collects the yarn end in the leading needle hook and takes the yarn into a knitting action at the knitting point S2 adjacent the arm 41 by withdrawing the yarn end Y2′ from the trapping device 46. The following selected needles 50 then continue the knitting action.
Having regard to the speed of rotation of the needle cylinder and of the operation of the machine, each above-mentioned yarn end Y2′ is only very momentarily received in the suction trapping device 46. The suction device 46 also serves to remove any minor fragments of yarn and fluff in the vicinity of the yarn feeder arm 41 and needles 50, In Figure 8 a practical form of the yarn feeding, cutting and trapping arrangement or station on a multi-feed circular knitting machine is shown in which the feeder arm 41, or each such arm of the yarn feeder 40, is raised for yarn take up by a selected group of needles 50 or lowered (as shown) when inoperative needles 50′ are passing the feeder arm 41. For this purpose the arm 41 is pivoted in the body 400 of the yarn feeder 40 and operated by a solenoid 45 or other suitable actuator controlled by the electronic system of the machine.
Yarn Y1 is guided at 43 to the feeder arm 41 and also to other arms 41′ of the feeder 40, which arms 41′ are shown in an inoperative position with their yarn Y4 held by a blade or plate 47 carried by the suction nozzle 460 in readiness for use when required.
The fixed cutter 42 is shown spring loaded at 48 against the rotary cutter 44 and a pressurised air supply pipe is provided at 49 for blowing away small pieces of yarn and fluff from the cutting area.
Although not visible yarn Y2′ from the feeder arm 41 enters the suction nozzle 460 but is shown extending from the latter to the SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) WO 95/0738 i PCT/G B94/O 1938 7 fixed cutter 42 where it is about to be cut prior to being ins’antly and fully drawn into the nozzle 460. The cut end Y3 (FigLe moves away in engagement with retracted needles as the latter travel away from the fixed cutter 42, which needles follow the end of a previously selected group.
The two “loose yarn ends” one Y3 following at the end of a selected needle knitting group and the other Y2′ at the beginning of the next selected needle knitting group produce the “shaping fringe” SF or SF1 (Figures i, 2 and each yarn end being approximately 15mm long. The “shaping fringe” is removed during the making up operation and constitutes the only waste material produced.
After the knitted tube lengths T have been produced they are relaxed, normally by tumbling. Walewise separation then occurs along the walewise separation portions W (Figure In the making up operation, best seen in Figures 2 to 4, the edges which will form the leg openings LO, are trimmed or machined to elasticate and/or attach lace fabric for decoration. These processes remove the “shaping fringes” SF, SF’ as referred to above.
Each individual blank BLK or BLK’ such as the blank BLK (Figure 2) is then folded as shown in Figure 3 obverse to obverse and the side seams are made to complete the briefs’, shown in Figure 4.
The briefs are then finalised in bulk and are given finishing treatments as required, i.e. dyeing etc. The individual briefs are then turned obverse out, inspected, folded and packed as required.
It will be apparent that whereas in the described embodiment two brief blanks are provided in a row in side-by-side relationship, in practice, more than two blanks may be knitted in a row, the actual number depending upon both the size of the briefs required SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) WO 95/07381 PCT/GB94/01938 8 and that of the machine diameter.
EXAMPLE OF KNITTING MACHINE A tubular length of fabric as illustrated in Figure 5 was knitted upon a 13 inch diameter, 28 gauge, 1152 needles, 4 feeds, 150/120 rev/min circular knitting machine. The machine had fully programmable unlimited electro-mechanical needle selection and stitch length control. A yarn cutting and trapping system was provided at each knitting point. The four feeding stations were arranged about the needle cylinder in an equi-spaced manner corresponding to the knitting points.
SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)

Claims (2)

1. A method of knitting a plurality of brief blanks in a row in side-by-side relationship in the form of a waisted tube wherein the tube is knitted and shaped to a generally hour glass configuration on an electronically controlled circular knitting machine having full electro-mechanical needle to needle selection and stitch length control and wherein the completed tube is slit walewise Lo separate the brief blanks from one another; characterised by the steps of shaping the tube by operative needle group selection at positions between the brief blanks ready for the formation of required apertures which are to provide leg openings and on passage of a said group of operative needles past a point of yarn feed entirely taking out of action a following group of needles which would otherwise have knitted yarn across said required apertures whilst simultaneously cutting and trapping the yarn feed to said inoperative group of needles for subsequent taking up of the trapped yard by a next group of operative needles following the passage of said inoperative group of needles whereby said apertures are formed between the brief S blanks with end portions of the latter remaining interconnected and slitting the tube walewise at positions between said blanks and in alignment with said apertures to provide a plurality of separate brief blanks of the required form for briefs manufacture, and without any need to subsequently cut away yarn which would otherwise have been knitted across the apertures.

2. Brief blanks and briefs made therefrom when produced by the method according to Claim 1 wherein each blank comprises end portions having waist band formation which end portions are united by a narrower substantially central crotch portion so that the blank is recessed at each side corresponding to aperture formation and whereby, on folding the blank transversely about the crotch portion obverse to obverse and seaming adjacent side edges of the end portions, the leg openings are fully formed and a completed pair of briefs provided. i 7 i

AU75428/94A
1993-09-08
1994-09-07
Manufacture of knitted brief blanks

Ceased

AU686220B2
(en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number
Priority Date
Filing Date
Title

GB9318617

1993-09-08

GB939318617A

GB9318617D0
(en)

1993-09-08
1993-09-08
Knittel briefs and method of manufacturing same

PCT/GB1994/001938

WO1995007381A1
(en)

1993-09-08
1994-09-07
Manufacture of knitted brief blanks

Publications (2)

Publication Number
Publication Date

AU7542894A

AU7542894A
(en)

1995-03-27

AU686220B2
true

AU686220B2
(en)

1998-02-05

Family
ID=10741699
Family Applications (1)

Application Number
Title
Priority Date
Filing Date

AU75428/94A
Ceased

AU686220B2
(en)

1993-09-08
1994-09-07
Manufacture of knitted brief blanks

Country Status (11)

Country
Link

US
(1)

US5836179A
(en)

EP
(1)

EP0717796A1
(en)

JP
(1)

JPH09501474A
(en)

CN
(1)

CN1134176A
(en)

AU
(1)

AU686220B2
(en)

BR
(1)

BR9407418A
(en)

CA
(1)

CA2170743A1
(en)

GB
(1)

GB9318617D0
(en)

PL
(1)

PL174745B1
(en)

TW
(1)

TW261640B
(en)

WO
(1)

WO1995007381A1
(en)

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2000-05-02
2001-11-02
Franco Sciacca

METHOD AND EQUIPMENT FOR THE PRODUCTION OF TUBULAR KNIT ITEMS THROUGH THE UNLOADING AND RETURNING OF SHIRTS ALSO PROGRAMMED WITH SCRAP

US6192717B1
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2000-06-08
2001-02-27
Alba-Waldensian, Inc.
Method and tubular blank for making substantially seamless garments

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2000-06-09
2001-12-09
Franco Sciacca

METHOD AND EQUIPMENT TO PRODUCE TUBULAR KNIT ITEMS THROUGH THE UNLOADING AND RETURNING OF SHIRTS ALSO PLANNED WITH NEEDLE AND WASTE

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2000-10-05
2006-01-12
Alba Waldensian

SEAMLESS CLOTHES

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2001-07-13
2003-04-22
Sara Lee Corporation
Lower torso garment with integral panty and method of making same

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2002-03-14
2007-03-07
平井贵美男
Brief without sew-up and its making method

JP3403720B2
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2002-03-14
2003-05-06
貴美男平井

Manufacturing method of seamless knit pants

US6755051B2
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2002-10-07
2004-06-29
Delta Galil Industries, Ltd.
Knitted garments and methods of fabrication thereof

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2005-04-18
2018-06-19
Bean Logik, Llc
Cold brew beverage brewing systems

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2005-04-18
2014-05-13
Bean Logik Llc
Apparatus for extracting cold-brewed coffee concentrate

US8123590B2
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2006-08-14
2012-02-28
Zephyrs
Double-layer fabric garment and production method

EP2624713A4
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2010-10-08
2014-10-29
Knit Rite Inc
Seamless underwear

US20120129425A1
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2010-11-19
2012-05-24
Lf Usa Inc.
Shapewear garment

US8721388B2
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2010-12-14
2014-05-13
Maidenform Llc
Self-adjusting shapewear garment

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2013-04-19
2023-06-06
Adidas Ag
Shoe with knitted outer sole

DE102013207155B4
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Adidas Ag

Shoe upper

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2013-04-19
2022-09-22
Adidas Ag

shoe upper

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2013-04-19
2014-10-23
Adidas Ag

Shoe, in particular a sports shoe

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2014-02-11
2017-07-27
Adidas Ag

Improved football boot

DE102014220087B4
(en)

2014-10-02
2016-05-12
Adidas Ag

Flat knitted shoe top for sports shoes

US10273606B2
(en)

2015-03-06
2019-04-30
Nike, Inc.
Circular knitted garment for lower torso

DE102015206301B4
(en)

2015-04-09
2016-10-27
Adidas Ag

Knitted bag

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Assignee
Title

EP0211641A1
(en)

1985-08-21
1987-02-25

Panty Candy Limited

Method of manufacturing knitted briefs

EP0386356A1
(en)

1989-02-07
1990-09-12

SPRING CITY KNITTING CO. INC. (a Delaware corporation)

Garment blank and brief

EP0387765A2
(en)

1989-03-16
1990-09-19

LONATI S.p.A.

Process for manufacturing a semifinished product with multiple-feed circular knitting machines, particularly for producing undershirts, one-piece body garments, briefs or the like

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Circularly knit bodysuit and a blank and method for making same

1993

1993-09-08
GB
GB939318617A
patent/GB9318617D0/en
active
Pending

1994

1994-09-07
PL
PL94313354A
patent/PL174745B1/en
unknown

1994-09-07
CA
CA002170743A
patent/CA2170743A1/en
not_active
Abandoned

1994-09-07
EP
EP94925563A
patent/EP0717796A1/en
not_active
Withdrawn

1994-09-07
JP
JP7508530A
patent/JPH09501474A/en
active
Pending

1994-09-07
CN
CN94193960A
patent/CN1134176A/en
active
Pending

1994-09-07
AU
AU75428/94A
patent/AU686220B2/en
not_active
Ceased

1994-09-07
BR
BR9407418A
patent/BR9407418A/en
not_active
Application Discontinuation

1994-09-07
WO
PCT/GB1994/001938
patent/WO1995007381A1/en
not_active
Application Discontinuation

1994-09-07
US
US08/615,325
patent/US5836179A/en
not_active
Expired – Fee Related

1994-10-19
TW
TW083109687A
patent/TW261640B/zh
active

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party

Publication number
Priority date
Publication date
Assignee
Title

EP0211641A1
(en)

1985-08-21
1987-02-25
Panty Candy Limited
Method of manufacturing knitted briefs

EP0386356A1
(en)

1989-02-07
1990-09-12
SPRING CITY KNITTING CO. INC. (a Delaware corporation)
Garment blank and brief

EP0387765A2
(en)

1989-03-16
1990-09-19
LONATI S.p.A.
Process for manufacturing a semifinished product with multiple-feed circular knitting machines, particularly for producing undershirts, one-piece body garments, briefs or the like

Also Published As

Publication number
Publication date

JPH09501474A
(en)

1997-02-10

US5836179A
(en)

1998-11-17

PL313354A1
(en)

1996-06-24

CN1134176A
(en)

1996-10-23

PL174745B1
(en)

1998-09-30

GB9318617D0
(en)

1993-10-27

TW261640B
(en)

1995-11-01

WO1995007381A1
(en)

1995-03-16

AU7542894A
(en)

1995-03-27

CA2170743A1
(en)

1995-03-16

BR9407418A
(en)

1996-11-12

EP0717796A1
(en)

1996-06-26

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