GB1568639A – Devcie for distributing a powder
– Google Patents
GB1568639A – Devcie for distributing a powder
– Google Patents
Devcie for distributing a powder
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Publication number
GB1568639A
GB1568639A
GB4460977A
GB4460977A
GB1568639A
GB 1568639 A
GB1568639 A
GB 1568639A
GB 4460977 A
GB4460977 A
GB 4460977A
GB 4460977 A
GB4460977 A
GB 4460977A
GB 1568639 A
GB1568639 A
GB 1568639A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
powder
component
pipe
hollow
components
Prior art date
1976-10-29
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB4460977A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
NEU SA
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA
Original Assignee
NEU SA
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
1976-10-29
Filing date
1977-10-26
Publication date
1980-06-04
1977-10-26
Application filed by NEU SA, Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA
filed
Critical
NEU SA
1980-06-04
Publication of GB1568639A
publication
Critical
patent/GB1568639A/en
Status
Expired
legal-status
Critical
Current
Links
Espacenet
Global Dossier
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Classifications
B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
B05B7/14—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas designed for spraying particulate materials
B05B7/1481—Spray pistols or apparatus for discharging particulate material
B05B7/1486—Spray pistols or apparatus for discharging particulate material for spraying particulate material in dry state
A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
Description
(54) A DEVICE FOR DISTRIBUTING A POWDER
(71) We, COMMISSARIAT A L’ENERGIE A TOM IQUE, an organisation created in France by ordinance No. 452563 of 18th October of45, of 29 rue de la Federation, 75752 Paris
Cedex 15, France, and S.A. des ETABLISSE MENTS NEU, a French Body Corporate, of 47 rue Fourier, Sac Postal 2028, 59000 Lille,
France, do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be perfonned, to be particularly described in and by the following statement:- The invention relates to installations for storing, conveying and distributing a powder in suspension in a carrier gas, the installations being of use for putting out fires, more particularly for extinguishing burning metals such as sodium.
As is known, an installation of this kind generally comprises a tank containing the powder, the tank having an orifice or feed hopper at its top and at least one discharge orifice at the bottom, connected to a pneumatic conveying duct, the powder being driven in suspension in the carrier gas. The duct has a number of apertures or taps connected to devices for distributing the powder frorn the tank.
Conventional installations of this kind cannot distribute the powder uniformly over a large surface. It is also shown by experience that they cannot operate satisfactorily if the powder does not flow easily, because of cohesion between the solid particles, resulting in a high crumbling coefficient or natural slope.
The invention relates to a device for distributing a powder and adapted to be mounted at the end of a cylindrical pipe for supplying the powder in the form of a two-phase mixture of particles suspended in a gas.
More particularly, the invention relates to a distributing device for spraying a powder having a high natural crumbling coefficient on to a flat or other surface, so as to form a large-area uniform layer but limit to a minimum the proportion of carrier gas in the entrained two-phase mixture. More specifically, the invention relates to a device for spraying powder together with a reduced proportion of carrier gas, so that the speed of the solid particles is at a minimum, this result being obtained by previously discharging the gas by successive expansion operations.
A device according to the present invention for distributing a powder and mounted adjacent the discharge end of a cylindrical pipe through which a two-phase mixture of the powder suspended in a carrier gas is adapted to flow comprises a plurality of coaxially arranged frusto-conical hollow components in spaced relationship to the discharge end of said pipe and themselves mounted co-axially with respect to the axis of said pipe, each component penetrating to the interior of that preceding it thus defining a plurality of successive passages for the powder and gas and being flared outwardly in the downstream direction of powder and gas flow for the purpose of ensuring substantial uniform distribution of the powder over the surface to be treated and separation of the greater part of the carrier gas from the powder prior to the latter contacting the said surface, the apex angles of the said components decreasing in the direction of powder and gas flow, wherein the open upstream end of the first frusto-conical component is located axially downstream of the discharge end of the pipe and the open upstream end of the second frusto-conical component is located axially downstream of the open upstream end of the first frusto-conical component, whereby the powder and gas flowing through the second component has already passed through the open upstream end of the first component.
Preferably, though not necessarily, the cylindrical pipe is stationary and vertically disposed, the powder flowing downwards through the pipe.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the device comprises a series of frusto-conical hollow components disposed one behind th other with a free space between elch cmponent, the components having decreasing apex angles and upsteram apertures, the diameters of which decrease from one component to the next in the flow direction.
According to another preferred feature the free end of the pipe is connected to the first hollow component, and each hollow component is connected to the next hollow component, by thin rigid lugs extending in planes through the common vertical axis of the pipe system and the components, the planes being regularly distributed around the axis.
According to another preferred feature, the device comprises an additional hollow component disposed downstream of the series of frusto-conical hollow components, the additional components having a closed upstream end.
Other preferred features of a device for spreading a powder will be-clear from the following description of an embodiment, given by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawing the single figure of which is a diagrammatic, perspective view of the device in question, partly in axial section.
In the drawing, reference 1 denotes the end portion of a rigid pipe secured to a horizontal wall 2, e.g. the ceiling of a chamber (not shown), by securing means which are diagrammatically illustrated at reference 3, the details of which are unimportant. Pipe 1 is mounted in wall 2, so that its axis 4 is vertical.
The pipe is adapted for a downward flow of a pulverulent material having high cohesion and suspended in a suitable carrier gas, generally an inert gas.
According to the invention, the free bottom end 5 of pipe 1 is assiciated, at a suitable distance, with a first frusto-conical hollow component 6, secured to pipe 1 by thin, rigid lugs or cross-members 7 disposed laterally in vertical planes extending through axis 4. In the embodiment shown, there are three lugs 7, distributed around axis 4 at 120; intervals.
At the upstream end with respect to the flow of powder from pipe 1, component 6 has a central aperture 8 extending in a horizontal plane perpendicular to the common axis 4 of pipe 1 and component 6. Aperture 8 is disposed at a given distance from the bottom tud 5. The diameter of aperture 8 is made appreciably less than the diameter of end 5.
In the drawing, reference a denotes the half apex angle of the truncated cone formed by the side surface of component 6.
w second frusto-conical component 9 is disposed under and connected to component 6, near the downstream aperture 10 thereof, by twin rigid lugs 11 which are preferably in the sanravertical planes as the lugs 7 connecting cbniponent 6 to pipe 1. Component 9 has an upstream aperture 12 which, as before, is disposed at a given distance from aperture 8 of component 6, the diameter of aperture 12 being less than that of aperture 8. According to another feature, the half apex angle b corresponding to component 9 is less than the half-angle a of component 6.
In the example shown, the device comprises a third frusto-conical component 13 connected to the downstream end 14 of component 9 by lugs 15 distributed in the same vertical planes as lugs 7. Component 13 has an upstream aperture 16 disposed at a distance from aperture 12 of component 9 and having a smaller diameter. As before, the half apex angle c is smaller than angle b and consequently than angle a.
If required, the device comprises an additional conical component 17 connected to component 13 by lugs 18. The top end 19 of component 17 is closed, and the half apex angle d is less than the half-angle c.
As a result of the aforementioned features, the flow of suspended powder down pipe 1 is first distributed, in the case of a given fraction, in the annular region outside component 6, mainly because of the difference between the diameter of end 5 and the upstream aperture 8 in component 6. In the aforementioned annular space, the carrier gas expands in to the external atmosphere and is mostly separated from the powder, which flows from the outer conical surface of component 6 and falls through gravity, its distribution being completely uniform.
Similarly, another fraction of the two-phase flow from pipe 1 enters the annular space between components 6 and 9 where, as before, the carrier gas expands and separates from the powder. The initial two-phase flow is separated as indicated by arrows on the drawing, and gradually loses the carrier gas, which disperses into the external atmosphere, whereas the powder is both freed from the gas and its speed is limited, owing to the successive encounters with the frusto-conical components; it therefore expands in a uniform layer of large area under the pipe system, covering the ground or objects in the chamber.
Of course, the spatial distribution of the frusto-conical components under the downstream end of the pipe and the diameters of the upstream apertures and apex angles of the components depend on the nature of the powder to be spread, the flow rate in the pipe the dimensions of the chamber and, more particularly, the distance between the device and the surface to be covered. The constructional parameters must be adapted to each case. The carrier gas is chosen in accordance with the intended use and the composition of the powder. Preferably, a neutral gas such as argon is used, for example when the device is for extinguishing burning liquid metals, more particularly sodium.
Of course, the invention is in no way limited to the embodiment described and shown in detail, but may be modified within the scope of the appended claims. More particularly the proposed features have been considered when applied to a rigid pipe mounted in a stationary position having a vertical axis, the powder flowing downwards. However, the features may also be applied to a pipe which has a different orientation and is not necessarily stationary, e.g. in the case of a portable extinguisher.
WHAT WE CLAIM IS:
1. A device for distributing a powder and mounted adjacent the discharge end of a cylindrical pipe through which a two-phase mixture of the powder suspended in a carrier gas is adapted to flow, said device comprising a plurality of co-axially arranged frustoconical hollow components in spaced relationship to the discharge end of said pipe and themselves mounted co-axially with respect to the axis of said pipe, each component penetrating to the interior of that preceding it, thus defining a plurality of successive passages for the powder and gas and being flared outwardly in the downstream
direction of powder and gas flow for the purpose of ensuring substantial uniform dis
tribution of the powder over the surface to be treated and separation of the greater part of the carrier gas from the powder prior to the latter contacting the said surface, the apex angles of the said components decreasing in the direction of powder and gas flow, wherein
the open upstream end of the first frustoconical component is located axially down
stream of the discharge end of the pipe and the open upstream end of the second frustoconical component is located axially downstream of the open upstream end of the first frusto-conical component, whereby the powder and gas flowing through the second component has already passed through the open upstream end of the first component.
2. A device according to Claim 1, characterised in that the cylindrical pipe is stationary and vertically disposed, the powder flowing downwards through the pipe.
3. A device according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the diameter of the conical hollow components decreases from one component to the next in the flow direction.
4. A device according to Claim 3, characterised in that the free end of the pipe is connected to the first hollow component, and each hollow component is connected to the next hollow component, by thin rigid lugs extending in planes through the common vertical axis of the pipe and the components, the planes being regularly distributed around the axis.
5. A device according to any one of
Claims 3 or 4, characterised in that it comprises an additional hollow component disposed downstream of the series of frustoconical hollow components, the additional component having a closed upstream end.
6. A device for distributing a powder, substantially as described and as shown in the accompanying drawing.
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.
Claims (6)
**WARNING** start of CLMS field may overlap end of DESC **. Of course, the invention is in no way limited to the embodiment described and shown in detail, but may be modified within the scope of the appended claims. More particularly the proposed features have been considered when applied to a rigid pipe mounted in a stationary position having a vertical axis, the powder flowing downwards. However, the features may also be applied to a pipe which has a different orientation and is not necessarily stationary, e.g. in the case of a portable extinguisher. WHAT WE CLAIM IS:
1. A device for distributing a powder and mounted adjacent the discharge end of a cylindrical pipe through which a two-phase mixture of the powder suspended in a carrier gas is adapted to flow, said device comprising a plurality of co-axially arranged frustoconical hollow components in spaced relationship to the discharge end of said pipe and themselves mounted co-axially with respect to the axis of said pipe, each component penetrating to the interior of that preceding it, thus defining a plurality of successive passages for the powder and gas and being flared outwardly in the downstream
direction of powder and gas flow for the purpose of ensuring substantial uniform dis
tribution of the powder over the surface to be treated and separation of the greater part of the carrier gas from the powder prior to the latter contacting the said surface, the apex angles of the said components decreasing in the direction of powder and gas flow, wherein
the open upstream end of the first frustoconical component is located axially down
stream of the discharge end of the pipe and the open upstream end of the second frustoconical component is located axially downstream of the open upstream end of the first frusto-conical component, whereby the powder and gas flowing through the second component has already passed through the open upstream end of the first component.
2. A device according to Claim 1, characterised in that the cylindrical pipe is stationary and vertically disposed, the powder flowing downwards through the pipe.
3. A device according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the diameter of the conical hollow components decreases from one component to the next in the flow direction.
4. A device according to Claim 3, characterised in that the free end of the pipe is connected to the first hollow component, and each hollow component is connected to the next hollow component, by thin rigid lugs extending in planes through the common vertical axis of the pipe and the components, the planes being regularly distributed around the axis.
5. A device according to any one of
Claims 3 or 4, characterised in that it comprises an additional hollow component disposed downstream of the series of frustoconical hollow components, the additional component having a closed upstream end.
6. A device for distributing a powder, substantially as described and as shown in the accompanying drawing.
GB4460977A
1976-10-29
1977-10-26
Devcie for distributing a powder
Expired
GB1568639A
(en)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number
Priority Date
Filing Date
Title
FR7633659A
FR2369006A1
(en)
1976-10-29
1976-10-29
POWDER SPREADING DEVICE
Publications (1)
Publication Number
Publication Date
GB1568639A
true
GB1568639A
(en)
1980-06-04
Family
ID=9179662
Family Applications (1)
Application Number
Title
Priority Date
Filing Date
GB4460977A
Expired
GB1568639A
(en)
1976-10-29
1977-10-26
Devcie for distributing a powder
Country Status (6)
Country
Link
BE
(1)
BE859801A
(en)
DE
(1)
DE7733194U1
(en)
ES
(1)
ES463623A1
(en)
FR
(1)
FR2369006A1
(en)
GB
(1)
GB1568639A
(en)
IT
(1)
IT1091031B
(en)
Families Citing this family (1)
* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number
Priority date
Publication date
Assignee
Title
SE8101242L
(en)
*
1981-02-26
1982-08-27
Scandinavian Lancers
PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR THE DISTRIBUTION OF CHECK Means
1976
1976-10-29
FR
FR7633659A
patent/FR2369006A1/en
active
Granted
1977
1977-10-17
BE
BE181802A
patent/BE859801A/xx
not_active
IP Right Cessation
1977-10-26
GB
GB4460977A
patent/GB1568639A/en
not_active
Expired
1977-10-27
DE
DE19777733194
patent/DE7733194U1/en
not_active
Expired
1977-10-27
ES
ES463623A
patent/ES463623A1/en
not_active
Expired
1977-10-28
IT
IT6941777A
patent/IT1091031B/en
active
Also Published As
Publication number
Publication date
FR2369006B1
(en)
1982-04-23
FR2369006A1
(en)
1978-05-26
IT1091031B
(en)
1985-06-26
BE859801A
(en)
1978-02-15
ES463623A1
(en)
1978-07-01
DE7733194U1
(en)
1978-02-02
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Legal Events
Date
Code
Title
Description
1980-08-20
PS
Patent sealed
1990-06-20
PCNP
Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee
