GB1603751A – Selective optical filter
– Google Patents
GB1603751A – Selective optical filter
– Google Patents
Selective optical filter
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Info
Publication number
GB1603751A
GB1603751A
GB17382/78A
GB1738278A
GB1603751A
GB 1603751 A
GB1603751 A
GB 1603751A
GB 17382/78 A
GB17382/78 A
GB 17382/78A
GB 1738278 A
GB1738278 A
GB 1738278A
GB 1603751 A
GB1603751 A
GB 1603751A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
zone
optical filter
central zone
light absorption
selective optical
Prior art date
1977-05-06
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB17382/78A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CARREAU B
Original Assignee
CARREAU B
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
1977-05-06
Filing date
1978-05-03
Publication date
1981-11-25
1977-05-06
Priority claimed from FR7713840A
external-priority
patent/FR2389912A1/en
1978-02-27
Priority claimed from FR7805521A
external-priority
patent/FR2418478A2/en
1978-05-03
Application filed by CARREAU B
filed
Critical
CARREAU B
1981-11-25
Publication of GB1603751A
publication
Critical
patent/GB1603751A/en
Status
Expired
legal-status
Critical
Current
Links
Espacenet
Global Dossier
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Classifications
G—PHYSICS
G02—OPTICS
G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
G02C7/00—Optical parts
G02C7/10—Filters, e.g. for facilitating adaptation of the eyes to the dark; Sunglasses
G02C7/105—Filters, e.g. for facilitating adaptation of the eyes to the dark; Sunglasses having inhomogeneously distributed colouring
Abstract
A selective optical filter, intended to be placed before the eyes for protection and for improvement of vision, features a plurality of different light absorption zones comprising a central zone which is completely light permeable, or has low light absorption capability, a zone surrounding this central zone which is light permeable but has a relatively high light absorption capability, the said zone being included between the periphery of the central zone and a cone having its apex at the optical center of the eye and an included angle of between about 15 DEG and 30 DEG , and the outer periphery of the zone adjoining a further zone of low light absorption capability corresponding to the peripheral part of the retina.
Description
PATENT SPECIFICATION
( 11) 1603751 ( 21) Application No 17382/78 ( 22) Filed 3 May 1978 ( 31) Convention Application No 7 713 840 ( 32) Filed 6 May 1977 ( 31) Convention Application No 7 805 521 ( 32) Filed 27 Feb 1978 in ( 33) France (FR) ( 44) Complete Specification published 25 Nov 1981 ( 51) INT CL 3 GO 2 C 7/10; G 02 B 5/20 ( 52) Index at acceptance G 2 J 28 53 A ( 54) A SELECTIVE OPTICAL FILTER ( 71) We, BERNARD ADRIEN CARREAU, a French citizen, of 14, Passage Duguesclin, 75015 Paris, France, and GABRIEL LOMBARD, a French citizen, of 175, rue de la Pompe, 75016 Paris, France, do hereby declare the invention for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following
statement: –
This invention relates to the problem of improved use of the properties of the eye to enable it to have better vision in variable light, at the same time protecting it from intense light which can bring about the phenomenon of dazzle, for example when driving a car at night, practising sport (especially on snow) etc.
It is known that, in a central zone of the eye, the angular dimension of which is about 50, the retina is particularly rich in light receptors, this richness culminating at the level of the central cluster of foveolarous cones.
This zone of the retina is that which permits the sharpest separation and determines what is called keeness of vision In this zone the threshold of light perception is very high and its essential function is that of photopsic vision.
On the other hand, at low levels of illumination, this central zone is practically blind and separation ability is transferred to the edges of the fovea Although this peripheral zone of the fovea has a weak separation capability, it is, on the other hand, much more sensitive to the light of nighttime.
This great sensitivity leads, also in the case of intense light, to the phenomenon of general dazzle of the eye and hinders the perception of details of objects seen by the eye This is what occurs whilst driving at night when vehicles pass each other.
To combat this phenomenon, it has thus been proposed to place before the eyes, for example for night driving, protective filters which can be in the form of spectacles featuring a central zone which is very light permeable, or even consists of a simple hole, this zone being surrounded by an opaque part.
The applicants have found, however, that these filter devices, by not taking completely into account the properties of the composition of the retina, have the disadvantage of causing dead angles of vision which can be dangerous, for example when driving vehicles On the other hand, the employment of the peripheral part of the retina, at least in the temporal region, is highly desirable, as much in the already mentioned night driving as in driving by day or in other activities, to enable the perception of objects situated or moving laterally.
According to the invention there is provided a selective optical filter for use with eyes in order to protect and improve the vision thereof, said filter comprising a plurality of zones all transparent, and, when the filter is in use as a spectacle eyepiece, corresponding to different zones of the retina, said zones comprising a central zone corresponding to the central zone of the retina and which has zero or low light absorption capability, a second zone extending around this central zone and having a light absorption capability higher than that of the central zone, and a third zone extending from a part at least of the outer periphery of said second zone, said third zone having a light absorption capability lower than that of the second zone.
Such a filter allows the vision to retain the activity of the foveal zone of the retina with its high separating capability, to provide protection against dazzle to the sensitive part of the retina which surrounds the foveal zone, and to retain the activity of the peripheral part of the retina in not reducing the field of vision and in eliminating dead angles which can be produced with the previously proposed filters.
For example, in the sudden passage from a high level to a low level of illumination, as when entering a tunnel, the filter according to the invention avoids an excessive drop in lateral light perception which, with known filters, can create a real dead angle of vision.
The following description, with respect to the attached drawing given as a non-limiting r_ mo 1,603,751 example, will fully explain how the invention is achieved, characteristics which emerge from the drawing as well as the text forming, of course, part of the said invention.
Figure 1 shows, in a diagrammatic vertical section, an eye and the relevant protective filter, Figure 2 shows a pair of spectacles accord7 ng t 6the invention from the front, Figure 3 shows an alternative embodiment, and Figures 4 to 7 show four different embodiments of spectacles, modified according to this invention.
In Figure 1 is shown a diagrammatic representation of an eye with its optical centre at C A cone having its apex at C and an included angle of about 5 to 8 substantially covers the foveal zone of the retina.
A filter 1 placed before each eye, for example in the form of a spectacles eyepiece, is made in such a way that its central zone 2 defined by the aforementioned cone is perfectly transparent to light, or at the most is weakly absorbent, being, for example, slightly tinted to eliminate the greater part of the ultra-violet rays.
Round this central zone, the filter includes an annular zone 3, which is fairly light absorbent, but not opaque, the outer contour of which zone is defined by a cone 4 having its apex at C and an included angle of between and 300 On the retina, the annular area between the outlines of these two cones practically corresponds to the area of maximum light sensitivity, this part being thus responsible for the dazzle phenomenon which the eye undergoes when it is subjected to very intense light The capacity for light absorption of zone 3 of the filter thus protects this part of the retina by reducing the light intensity, at the same time permitting the perception of objects.
Finally, the remainder 5 of the filter, around the annular zone 3, has a low light absorbing capability like the central part 2, so that the peripheral zone of the retina which is affected by this part 5 of the filter receives the light which was intended for it In Figure 2 there can be seen a front view of a pair of spectacles according to the invention.
Each of the eyepieces, which can be made of mineral glass or of organic material or plastics, consists of the three concentric zones described above which, for each eye, are centered on the optical axis of that eye To make these eyepieces, spraying with colouring matter can be used, according to well known processes and using suitable masks in the phase of the process where it is a matter of carrying out dense spraying on the annular region 3.
As a non-limiting example, values can be given for the light absorption of each of the three zones of the filter:
central zone 2, absorption between 0 and 65 %, annular zone 3, absorption between 30 and %, for preference between 50 and 75 %, peripheral zone 5, absorption between 0 and % 70 The zones may be tinted grey, green or brown Demarcation between the zones may be sharp or progressively graded.
As a variation, the central zone 2 can be a simple hole, although it is preferable to have 75 a continuity of the filter material to avoid the jet of air which a hole might occasion.
Figures 4 to 7 show four different embodiments of spectacles modified according to this invention 80 In Figures 4 to 6, the central zone 2, perfectly transparent or at least weakly light absorbent, for example slightly tinted to eliminate the greater part of the ultra-violet rays, has an oval shape which is advantageous be 85 cause of the preponderance of horizontal ocular movements.
Centred on the optical axis of each of the eyes in vision to infinity, this central zone is surrounded by the zone 3 the light absorption 90 power of which is between 30 % and 80 %,1 for preference between 50 and 750 % approximately.
The shape of this zone 3 may be varied.
In the case of Figure 4, for example, it covers 95 the part of each of the eyepieces adjacent the nose-piece, and is bounded on the other or temporal side by a curve tangential to the upper and lower edges of the eyepiece The zone 3 stops short of the temporal side of the 100 eyepiece to allow at this point on the eyepiece a zone 5 which is completely transparent, or which has low light absorption capability, thus freeing the temporal field of vision.
The demarcation line between the zones 3 105 and 5 can have different shapes If the vertical dimension of the eyepieces is very large, this line may not reach the top and the bottom of the eyepieces so as to leave the transparent zone 5 (and consequently the field of vision 110 without a filter) at the top and at the bottom also.
As a variation, the demarcation line may be a segment of a vertical straight line (such as 6, Figure 5) or even an angled line (such as 115 7, Figure 6).
To facilitate the perception of near objects, for example the perception of road signs when driving, without having to tilt ones head, the central zone 2 may feature a downward ex 120 tension 2 a on its lower edge, as shown in Figure 7.
To permit both distance vision and the perception of near objects situated low down, the shape of the central zone may be in the form 125 of a vertical ” 8 ”
Claims (9)
WHAT WE CLAIM IS:-
1 A selective optical filter for use with eyes 3,0,5 in order to protect and improve the vision thereof, said filter comrpising a plurality of zones all transparent, and, when the filter is in use as a spectacle eyepiece, corresponding to different zones of the retina, said zones comprising a central zone corresponding to the central zone of the retina and which has zero or low light absorption capability, a second zone extending around this central zone and having a light absorption capability higher than that of the central zone, and a third zone extending from a part at least of the outer periphery of said second zone, said third zone having a light absorption capability lower than that of the second zone.
2 A filter according to claim 1, wherein the zones are provided for on the surface of a single transparent support.
3 A selective optical filter according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the central zone is a hole.
4 A selective optical filter according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the said second zone surrounding the central zone has a light absorption power between 30 and 80 %.
A selective optical filter according to claim 4, wherein the said second zone has a light absorption power between 50 and 75 %.
6 A selective optical filter according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the central zone has a circular shape the diameter of which is such that, when the filter is in use as a spectacle eyepiece, the central zone subtends at the optical centre of the eye an angle of between 50 and 80.
7 A selective optical filter according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the central zone has an oval shape, the major axis of which, when the filter is in use as a spectacle eyepiece, is horizontal and subtends an angle of about 150 at the optical centre of the eye, whilst the minor axis subtends an angle of between 50 and 80 at the optical centre of the eye.
8 A selective optical filter according to any of claims 1 to 7, in the form of spectacles, wherein the said second zone extends as far as the nose-piece of the pieces of the spectacles but is adjoined in the temporal part of the eyepieces by the said weak light absorption third zone.
9 A selective optical filter substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings.
A selective optical filter in the form of spectacles substantially as hereinbefore described with referencence to any of Figures 2 to 7 of the accompanying drawings.
ARTHUR R DAVIES, Chartered Patent Agents, 27, Imperial Square, Cheltenham, and 54, New Cavendish Street, London, W 1 M 8 HP, Agents for the Applicants.
Printed for Her Majesty’s Stationery Office by the Courier Press, Leamington Spa, 1981.
Published by the Patent Office, 25 Southampton Buildings, London, WC 2 A l AY, from which copies may be obtained.
1,603,751
GB17382/78A
1977-05-06
1978-05-03
Selective optical filter
Expired
GB1603751A
(en)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number
Priority Date
Filing Date
Title
FR7713840A
FR2389912A1
(en)
1977-05-06
1977-05-06
Protective spectacle lens construction – reduces light transmitted to peripheral retinal regions using fibre optic patch with hole in centre
FR7805521A
FR2418478A2
(en)
1978-02-27
1978-02-27
Selectively filtered optical spectacles for e.g. tennis – have central clear region with surrounding partially opaque filter
Publications (1)
Publication Number
Publication Date
GB1603751A
true
GB1603751A
(en)
1981-11-25
Family
ID=26220000
Family Applications (1)
Application Number
Title
Priority Date
Filing Date
GB17382/78A
Expired
GB1603751A
(en)
1977-05-06
1978-05-03
Selective optical filter
Country Status (3)
Country
Link
US
(1)
US4229082A
(en)
DE
(1)
DE7813480U1
(en)
GB
(1)
GB1603751A
(en)
Cited By (3)
* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number
Priority date
Publication date
Assignee
Title
GB2154332A
(en)
*
1984-01-24
1985-09-04
Robert Kelvin Newton
Optical sight
GB2278459A
(en)
*
1993-05-25
1994-11-30
James H Jannard
Peripheral zone surface modified lens
US5550599A
(en)
*
1994-01-10
1996-08-27
Oakley, Inc.
Surface modified lens
Families Citing this family (10)
* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number
Priority date
Publication date
Assignee
Title
US4396259A
(en)
*
1981-10-20
1983-08-02
Miller Thomas H
Spectrum glasses
DE3225863A1
(en)
*
1982-07-10
1984-01-12
Heinz Dr. 5000 Köln Kunert
EYE LENSES, IN PARTICULAR FOR MOTOR VEHICLE HANDLEBARS
US4643524A
(en)
*
1983-02-14
1987-02-17
Kei Mori
Method of using a condensing lens
FR2554249B1
(en)
*
1983-10-28
1986-10-03
Binh Paul
UNIVERSAL CORRECTOR OF AMETROPIES OF THE EYE
US5305027A
(en)
*
1992-01-28
1994-04-19
Patterson Kip E
Method and apparatus for enhanced visual training
US5444501A
(en)
*
1992-12-09
1995-08-22
Aloi; Joanne
Golf stabilizer for less dominant eye
US6578578B2
(en)
2000-04-06
2003-06-17
Abstrac Products, Inc.
Eye masks to facilitate sleeping under certain conditions
US6386701B1
(en)
2001-04-03
2002-05-14
Basimah Khulusi Md, Llc
Eyewear for relief of computer vision syndrome
US8075131B2
(en)
*
2009-02-09
2011-12-13
Innocorp, Ltd
Viewing device for simulating impairment and reducing peripheral vision
JP5483984B2
(en)
*
2009-10-08
2014-05-07
ホーヤ レンズ マニュファクチャリング フィリピン インク
lens
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number
Priority date
Publication date
Assignee
Title
US560418A
(en)
*
1896-05-19
Half to w
US1180341A
(en)
*
1915-07-12
1916-04-25
Samuel E Thomas
Eyeglasses.
GB266245A
(en)
*
1926-10-05
1927-02-24
Francis Henry Le Sueur
Improved means for counteracting the glare of motor car headlights and the like
US1865691A
(en)
*
1928-04-11
1932-07-05
American Optical Corp
Lens
US1957071A
(en)
*
1932-08-13
1934-05-01
Joseph A Marchner
Antiglare coggles
FR1330277A
(en)
*
1962-05-09
1963-06-21
Protective and corrective glasses with adjustable diaphragm for television and cinema viewers
AU407234B2
(en)
*
1968-05-16
1970-10-16
Sola International Pty. Ltd
Illuminating headpiece
1978
1978-05-03
DE
DE7813480U
patent/DE7813480U1/en
not_active
Expired
1978-05-03
GB
GB17382/78A
patent/GB1603751A/en
not_active
Expired
1978-05-08
US
US05/903,483
patent/US4229082A/en
not_active
Expired – Lifetime
Cited By (6)
* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number
Priority date
Publication date
Assignee
Title
GB2154332A
(en)
*
1984-01-24
1985-09-04
Robert Kelvin Newton
Optical sight
GB2278459A
(en)
*
1993-05-25
1994-11-30
James H Jannard
Peripheral zone surface modified lens
GB2278459B
(en)
*
1993-05-25
1997-07-30
James Henry Jannard
Surface modified lens
ES2109137A1
(en)
*
1993-05-25
1998-01-01
Jannard James H
Surface modified lens
US5963293A
(en)
*
1993-05-25
1999-10-05
Oakley, Inc.
Surface modified lens
US5550599A
(en)
*
1994-01-10
1996-08-27
Oakley, Inc.
Surface modified lens
Also Published As
Publication number
Publication date
DE7813480U1
(en)
1978-08-24
US4229082A
(en)
1980-10-21
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Legal Events
Date
Code
Title
Description
1982-02-17
PS
Patent sealed [section 19, patents act 1949]
1982-12-01
PCNP
Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee
