GB2027920A – Photographic silver halide developer composition
– Google Patents
GB2027920A – Photographic silver halide developer composition
– Google Patents
Photographic silver halide developer composition
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Publication number
GB2027920A
GB2027920A
GB7833133A
GB7833133A
GB2027920A
GB 2027920 A
GB2027920 A
GB 2027920A
GB 7833133 A
GB7833133 A
GB 7833133A
GB 7833133 A
GB7833133 A
GB 7833133A
GB 2027920 A
GB2027920 A
GB 2027920A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
litre
developing
composition
working solution
amount
Prior art date
1978-08-11
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB7833133A
Other versions
GB2027920B
(en
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kodak Ltd
Original Assignee
Kodak Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
1978-08-11
Filing date
1978-08-11
Publication date
1980-02-27
1978-08-11
Application filed by Kodak Ltd
filed
Critical
Kodak Ltd
1978-08-11
Priority to GB7833133A
priority
Critical
patent/GB2027920B/en
1980-02-27
Publication of GB2027920A
publication
Critical
patent/GB2027920A/en
1983-02-02
Application granted
granted
Critical
1983-02-02
Publication of GB2027920B
publication
Critical
patent/GB2027920B/en
Status
Expired
legal-status
Critical
Current
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Classifications
G—PHYSICS
G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
G03C5/00—Photographic processes or agents therefor; Regeneration of such processing agents
G03C5/26—Processes using silver-salt-containing photosensitive materials or agents therefor
G03C5/29—Development processes or agents therefor
G03C5/305—Additives other than developers
Abstract
High contrast photographic silver halide developer compositions with increased solution stability (dish or machine life) comprise a superadditive development agent combination, sulphite ions and an amount of a contrast-increasing substituted indazole which provides a concentration of at least 65 mg/litre of the indazole in the working solution. The composition may additionally contain up to 60 g/litre sodium sulphite and/or 25-75 g/litre of sodium chloride and/or an amine, e.g. an alkanolamine.
Description
SPECIFICATION
Photographic high contrast developer compositions
This invention relates to photographic high contrast developer compositions for use in making halftone photographic intermediates for use in printing processes.
The obtaining of very high contrast using the so-called lith effect or infectious development was described by J. A. C. Yule in the Journal of the Franklin Institute, 239 (1945) 221-230.
Such developers rely on the use of hydroquinone as sole developing agent and a controlled supply of sulphite ions.
British Specification 1,376,600 describes developer compositions for obtaining very high contrast images which contain a pdihydroxybenzene developing agent, sulphite ions, alkali and a nitroindazole or nitrobenzimidazole with the proviso that the composition should contain no more than 0.5g/l of an auxiliary developing agent showing a superadditive effect. The specification at p.4 1.34 warns that larger amounts of auxiliary superadditive developing agent will destroy the lith effect.
We have now found that lith developers can be formulated using a superadditive developing agent combination in the presence of a group of compounds which include 5-nitroindazole.
According to the present invention there is provided a high contrast silver halide developing composition which comprises a superadditive developing agent combination, sulphite ions and an amount of a contrast-increasing substituted indazole which provides a concentration of at least 65 mg/litre of the indazole in the working solution.
The contrast-increasing substituted indazole produces an increase in contrast in the silver halide emulsion layer which is developed and may, for example, be 5-nitroindazole, 6nitroindazole, 5-chloroindazole or 5-cyanoindazole. Its concentration in the working solution is preferably from 65 mg/l to 1 g/l, particularly from 150 mg/l to 500 mg/I.
The superadditive developing agent combination preferably comprises hydroquinone and p methylaminophenol sulphate. The working solution may, for example, contain 20-50 g/litre of hydroquinone and a superadditive quantity of pmethyl-aminophenol sulphate, e.g. 2-7g/litre.
However, other superadditive combinations may be employed, for example, 20-50g/l of ascorbic acid with 0.3-1.0g/l of l-phenyl-3-pyrazolidone.
The use of a superadditive developing agent combination can lead to an increase in speed of the developed silver halide material and to increased developer solution stability (dish or machine life) while retaining the high contrast performance of previously known developers containing hydroquinone only. As suggested above the present developer compositions may be employed in both machine and dish processing with good results.
The present developer compositions may contain free sulphite ions corresponding to a concentration of sodium sulphite of up to 60g/l of the working solution. The compositions may also contain an alkali metal chloride corresponding to a concentration of sodium chloride of 25-75g/l of the working solution.
The present developer compositions may also contain an amine, for example an alkanolamine, e.g. 2-methylaminoethanol. They may also contain development accelerators e.g. non ionic development accelerators, antifoggants and restrainers. When potassium bromide is used its concentration should be no more than 1 gm/I. Nucleating agents as described in British
Specification 1,061,294 may also be used to obtain even higher contrast.
The present developer compositions may be in the form of a working solution, a liquid concentrate, a powder or a kit including liquid and/or powder constituents.
The silver halide emulsion to be developed may be a 100% silver chloride emulsion or a predominantly silver chloride emulsion which may contain up to 5% silver bromide and/or 1 % silver iodide (mole percentages). The preferred emulsions have a mean grain size of 0.5 to 0.5 jum and may be monodisperse, especially cubic regular. The emulsions may be made and may contain addenda as described in PLI December 1971 pp.107-110 published by Industrial
Opportunities Limited, Havant, Hampshire.
The present invention further provides a method of processing a high contrast silver halide emulsion comprising 94-100 mole % chloride, 0-5 mole % bromide and 0-1 mole % iodide which comprises the step of developing it in a developer composition of the present invention.
The development process may take place at a temperature of from 15 to 45 C. It is preferred to use a high rate of agitation to obtain optimum dot quality.
The following Examples are included for a better understanding of the invention. Anhydrous reagents are used unless otherwise stated.
Example 1
A developing solution was prepared as follows: pmethylaminophenol sulphate 5g
Hydroquinone 40g
Sodium sulphite 50g
Sodium chloride 50g
Sodium carbonate 43g
2 methylaminoethanol 42ml
5-nitroindazole 1% solution 16ml
in a 50:50 by volume mixture
of acetic acid and methanol
Water to 1 litre
An ortho-dye-sensitized 100% silver-chloride emulsion with 0.25 micrometre cubic grains
coated on poly(ethyleneterephthalate) film base was exposed for 10 seconds under a continu
ous-tone step wedge to the light from a 48 watt, 6 volt ‘point-source’ tungsten lamp at 1 metre
distance, the light being modified by a Corning OB8 filter.Strips of the exposed film were dish
processed in 150 ml of the developer for 45, 60 and 90 seconds at 30 C. Development, in this
and the following examples, was stopped by bathing in a 2% acetic acid bath for 10 seconds
followed by conventional fix, wash and drying stages. The results are given in Table I below.
Example 2
A developing solution was prepared as follows:
Ascorbic acid 20g 1-phenyl-3-pyrazolidone 0.5g
Sodium sulphite 50g
Sodium carbonate 43g
Sodium chloride 50g
2-methylaminoethanol 50ml
5-nitroindazole 1 % solution 30ml (as used in Example 1)
Water to make 1 litre
Exposed film strips, as in Example 1, were processed in this developer for 60, 90 and 120
seconds at 30 C. The results are given in Table I below: ‘Table I
Log
Dev. Time Relative Base + Fog
Example No. Seconds Speed Gamma Density
1 45 0.61 16 0.06
1 60 0.64 31 0.06
1 90 0.64 31 0.06
2 60 0.50 16 0.03
2 90 0.50 18 0.04
2 120 0.50 18 0.04
Example 3
The silver chloride emulsion coating of Example 1 was exposed in vacuum contact with a
Kodak Gray Contact Screen (Negative) Elliptical dot with a ruling of 133 lines/inch. Exposed strips were developed in 150 ml of the developer described in Example 1 and halftone dots of high quality were obtained.
Claims (15)
1. A high contrast silver halide developing composition which comprises a superadditive developing agent combination, sulphite ions and an amount of a contrast-increasing substituted
indazole which provides a concentration of at least 65 mg/litre of the indazole in the working solution.
2. A developing composition as claimed in Claim 1 in which the substituted indazole is 5
nitroindazole, 6-nitroindazole, 5-chloroindazole or 5-cyanoindazole.
3. A developing composition as claimed in Claim 1 or 2 in which the amount of the indazole is such that it provides a concentration of from 65 mg/litre to 1 g/litre, particularly from 150 mg/litre to 500 mg/litre in the working solution.
4. A developing composition as claimed in any of Claims 1-3 in which the superadditive developing agent combination comprises hydroquinone and pmethylaminophenol sulphate.
5. A developing composition as claimed in Claim 4 in which the amount of the developing agents is such that there is provided 20-50 g/litre of hydroquinone and 2-7 g/litre of p methylaminophenol sulphate in the working solution.
6. A developing composition as claimed in any of Claims 1-3 in which superadditive developing agent combination comprises ascorbic acid and 1-phenyl-3-pyrazolidone.
7. A developing composition as claimed in Claim 6 in which the amount of the developing agents is such that there is provided 20-50 g/litre of ascorbic acid and 0.3-1.0 g/litre of 1phenyl-3-pyrazolidone in the working solution.
8. A developing composition as claimed in any of Claims 1-7 which contains an amount of sodium sulphite which provides a concentration of up to 60 g/litre in the working solution.
9. A developing composition as claimed in any of Claims 1-8 which contains an alkali metal chloride in an amount which provides an equivalent of 25-75 g/litre of sodium chloride in the working solution.
10. A developing composition as claimed in any of Claims 1-9 which contains an amine, particularly an alkanolamine.
11. A high contrast silver halide developing composition substantially as described herein and with reference to the Examples.
12. A method of processing a high contrast silver halide emulsion comprising 94-100 mole % chloride, 0-5 mole % bromide and 0-1 mole % iodide which comprises the step of developing it in a developer composition according to any preceding claim.
13. A method as claimed in Claim 12 in which the developing step is effected at a temperature of 15-45 C.
14. A method as claimed in Claim 12 or 13 in which a high rate of agitation is employed during the developing step.
15. A method according to Claim 12 substantially as described herein and with reference to the Examples.
GB7833133A
1978-08-11
1978-08-11
Photographic silver halide developer composition
Expired
GB2027920B
(en)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number
Priority Date
Filing Date
Title
GB7833133A
GB2027920B
(en)
1978-08-11
1978-08-11
Photographic silver halide developer composition
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number
Priority Date
Filing Date
Title
GB7833133A
GB2027920B
(en)
1978-08-11
1978-08-11
Photographic silver halide developer composition
Publications (2)
Publication Number
Publication Date
GB2027920A
true
GB2027920A
(en)
1980-02-27
GB2027920B
GB2027920B
(en)
1983-02-02
Family
ID=10499010
Family Applications (1)
Application Number
Title
Priority Date
Filing Date
GB7833133A
Expired
GB2027920B
(en)
1978-08-11
1978-08-11
Photographic silver halide developer composition
Country Status (1)
Country
Link
GB
(1)
GB2027920B
(en)
Cited By (6)
* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number
Priority date
Publication date
Assignee
Title
EP0136582A2
(en)
*
1983-09-20
1985-04-10
Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company
Developer compositions for silver halide photographic materials
US4900252A
(en)
*
1987-07-24
1990-02-13
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Recognition system for tools insertable into dental treatment instruments
EP0461783A1
(en)
*
1990-06-11
1991-12-18
Audenried W. Knapp
Photographic developer composition
EP0476613A2
(en)
*
1990-09-19
1992-03-25
Dainippon Ink And Chemicals, Inc.
Superhigh contrast negative image forming process
US5372911A
(en)
*
1991-06-13
1994-12-13
Dainippon Ink And Chemicals, Inc.
Process of forming super high-contrast negative images and silver halide photographic material and developer being used therefor
GB2284067A
(en)
*
1993-11-20
1995-05-24
Ilford Ltd
Photographic developers
1978
1978-08-11
GB
GB7833133A
patent/GB2027920B/en
not_active
Expired
Cited By (9)
* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number
Priority date
Publication date
Assignee
Title
EP0136582A2
(en)
*
1983-09-20
1985-04-10
Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company
Developer compositions for silver halide photographic materials
EP0136582A3
(en)
*
1983-09-20
1987-09-23
Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company
Developer compositions for silver halide photographic materials
US4900252A
(en)
*
1987-07-24
1990-02-13
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Recognition system for tools insertable into dental treatment instruments
EP0461783A1
(en)
*
1990-06-11
1991-12-18
Audenried W. Knapp
Photographic developer composition
EP0476613A2
(en)
*
1990-09-19
1992-03-25
Dainippon Ink And Chemicals, Inc.
Superhigh contrast negative image forming process
EP0476613A3
(en)
*
1990-09-19
1992-06-03
Dainippon Ink And Chemicals, Inc.
Superhigh contrast negative image forming process
US5217842A
(en)
*
1990-09-19
1993-06-08
Dainippon Ink And Chemical, Inc.
Superhigh contrast negative image forming process
US5372911A
(en)
*
1991-06-13
1994-12-13
Dainippon Ink And Chemicals, Inc.
Process of forming super high-contrast negative images and silver halide photographic material and developer being used therefor
GB2284067A
(en)
*
1993-11-20
1995-05-24
Ilford Ltd
Photographic developers
Also Published As
Publication number
Publication date
GB2027920B
(en)
1983-02-02
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Legal Events
Date
Code
Title
Description
1998-09-02
PE20
Patent expired after termination of 20 years
Effective date:
19980810
