GB2032481A – Flexible cable and process of its manufacture
– Google Patents
GB2032481A – Flexible cable and process of its manufacture
– Google Patents
Flexible cable and process of its manufacture
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Publication number
GB2032481A
GB2032481A
GB7931542A
GB7931542A
GB2032481A
GB 2032481 A
GB2032481 A
GB 2032481A
GB 7931542 A
GB7931542 A
GB 7931542A
GB 7931542 A
GB7931542 A
GB 7931542A
GB 2032481 A
GB2032481 A
GB 2032481A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
core
threads
binder
sheath
cable
Prior art date
1978-09-22
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
GB7931542A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rhone Poulenc Textile SA
Original Assignee
Rhone Poulenc Textile SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
1978-09-22
Filing date
1979-09-11
Publication date
1980-05-08
1979-09-11
Application filed by Rhone Poulenc Textile SA
filed
Critical
Rhone Poulenc Textile SA
1980-05-08
Publication of GB2032481A
publication
Critical
patent/GB2032481A/en
Status
Withdrawn
legal-status
Critical
Current
Links
Espacenet
Global Dossier
Discuss
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manufacturing process
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title
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binding agent
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description
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textile
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description
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impregnation
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description
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RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Copper
Chemical compound
[Cu]
RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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229910052802
copper
Inorganic materials
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copper
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sizing
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material
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coating agent
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drying
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vulcanization
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deposition
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Nylon 6,6
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Polyamide
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epsilon-caprolactam
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-1
polyethylene terephthalate
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polyethylene terephthalate
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polyethylene terephthalate
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synthetic elastomer
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6-azaniumylhexylazanium;hexanedioate
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Kevlar®
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elastomer
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filler
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fireproofing
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foam rubber
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kevlar
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latex
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liquid
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natural elastomer
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natural rubber
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plasticizer
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polyester
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polyolefin
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polyurethane foam
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polyvinyl chloride
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steel
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thermoplastic resin
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vinyl polymer
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wax
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Classifications
D—TEXTILES; PAPER
D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
D07B1/02—Ropes built-up from fibrous or filamentary material, e.g. of vegetable origin, of animal origin, regenerated cellulose, plastics
D07B1/04—Ropes built-up from fibrous or filamentary material, e.g. of vegetable origin, of animal origin, regenerated cellulose, plastics with a core of fibres or filaments arranged parallel to the centre line
H—ELECTRICITY
H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
H01B7/18—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring
H01B7/182—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring comprising synthetic filaments
D—TEXTILES; PAPER
D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
D07B2201/2083—Jackets or coverings
D07B2201/2087—Jackets or coverings being of the coated type
D—TEXTILES; PAPER
D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
D07B2201/2083—Jackets or coverings
D07B2201/2088—Jackets or coverings having multiple layers
D—TEXTILES; PAPER
D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
D07B2201/2083—Jackets or coverings
D07B2201/209—Jackets or coverings comprising braided structures
D—TEXTILES; PAPER
D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
D07B2401/00—Aspects related to the problem to be solved or advantage
D07B2401/20—Aspects related to the problem to be solved or advantage related to ropes or cables
D07B2401/205—Avoiding relative movement of components
Description
1
GB 2 032 481 A 1
SPECIFICATION
Improved Flexible Cable and the Process of its Manufacture
The present application relates to a new type 5 of textile cable or rope and a process for its manufacture.
In the manufacture of ropes and similar articles, it is well known that the use of twisted threads exhibits a certain number of 10 disadvantages, such as a decrease in the tensile strength as a result of the transverse stresses suffered by the threads, and a decrease in the breaking strength per kilometre as a result of an increase in the weight of rope per metre, due to 15 impregnation of the rope, and also an increase in the elongation. This has given rise to the development of the use of ropes consisting of a core of substantially parallel threads, and a protective tubular sheath which is extruded, 20 lapped or, preferably, braided around the core.
However, the resulting articles sometimes lack cohesion in the sense that the core and the sheath work separately; moreover, when the sheath is worn, the non-twisted core threads have 25 a very poor abrasion resistance and easily fret.
It has already been proposed to render the core integral with the sheath by treating the threads, used for manufacturing the rope, with compositions such as natural or synthetic tannins 30 or also with aqueous dispersions of modified polyamides.
It is also known to render the core integral with the sheath by depositing a coating of thermoplastic resin, for example in the form of a 35 solution, on the core. After drying the coating and applying the textile sheath, the latter is rendered integral with the core by subjecting the whole to traction under temperature conditions assisting the softening of the coating.
40 French Patent Specification Number 1,327,110 proposes a process for the manufacture of ropes, comprising essentially parallel core threads and an external tubular sheath, wherein the core threads are 45 simultaneously impregnated with a binder, the sheath then being applied whilst the binder is still in the adhesive state.
However, for certain applications, in particular marine applications, despite the advance which 50 these ropes have provided from the point of view of weight and manoeuverability, they are still not entirely satisfactory. In fact, their resistance to travel in water is still too high. Cables having a non-circular, for example elliptical, transverse 55 section would behave better in this respect but, during their passage under tension over a pulley, they tend to flatten and to resume their circular shape. Hitherto, it has not therefore been possible to produce cables of this type which possess a 60 good retention of shape.
British Patent Specification No. 1,269,596 proposes to overcome the disadvantages of the earlier cables, in marine applications, by proposing a cable of non-circular, for example
65 elliptical, transverse section, which exhibits the advantages of cables with parallel strands and, compared with a cable of circular section of the same strength, offers numerous advantages, such as a lower resistance to travel in water and also 70 pronounced non-twisting properties, which is very valuable for cables which are to be immersed and/or dragged and which are used, for example, in oceanography. This type of rope or cable is formed by substantially parallel core threads 75 covered with a textile sheath which, for example, is preferably braided, cohesion being provided by a binder which both bonds the core threads to one another and bonds the sheath to the core,
said cable possessing a non-circular transverse 80 section having at least one axis of symmetry and comprising, over its entire length, at least one strengthening element which is perpendicular to the axis of symmetry, or to one of the axes of symmetry, and extends over the entire width of 85 the core at the point in question.
However, although they are valuable, these cables do not possess the qualities which would make them comparable to the ideal cable for which both strength and flexibility are required. 90 Steel cable, although strong, is not flexible;
furthermore, although the cables described in the above mentioned patent specifications are strong and possess a certain flexibility, their relative stiffness is still a disadvantage.
95 According to the present invention there is provided a flexible cable comprising a plurality of substantially parallel, textile core threads and an external sheath, the core threads being bonded to one another in a discontinuous manner to form a 100 core with a binder material which also bonds the core to the sheath.
Another aspect of the present invention relates to a process of manufacturing a flexible cable wherein a plurality of substantially parallel textile 105 threads have binder applied thereto in a discontinuous manner before being bonded together to form a core about which a sheath is bonded by the binder.
The binder can be deposited by bonding all the 110 threads together at certain points and then leaving them free over a certain length, or, alternatively, the binder is deposited discontinuously on each thread but in such a way that an impregnated length on one thread 115 corresponds to a non-impregnated length on the adjacent thread, with the possibility of overlapping zones if desired. This gives a cable in which regions resembling a hinged connection have been produced throughout the threads by 120 virtue of bonding in zones.
The threads used for forming these ropes can be of natural, artificial or, preferably, synthetic origin, this latter type of thread exhibiting the advantage of having a greater strength for a given 125 weight. Threads of this kind are, for example, threads based on polyamides, polyesters, polyolefines or the like. Threads having a very high strength and low elongation, which, under these conditions, retain their mechanical qualities
2
GB 2 032 481 A 2
to the maximum extent, for example threads based on arylamides, will advantageously be used.
The binders used for impregnating the core 5 threads can be of a very diverse nature, namely natural or synthetic elastomers, in the form of a latex or solution, vinyl polymers or other polymers, polycondensates, paraffins, waxes, metals with a low melting point, and the like. 10 Depending on the nature of the binder, the latter can be deposited as a solution or dispersion, in the liquid or viscous state. In practice, the proportion of binder deposited is advantageously from 3 to 20% (calculated as the solid), relative to 15 the weight of the rope, but greater amounts thereof can be used if necessary, to no disadvantage.
Certain binders, such as elastomers, can then be subjected to vulcanisation after the rope has 20 been manufactured. In order to render the ropes non-flammable and/or imputrescible, it suffices to incorporate fireproofing and/or fungicidal products into the binder. It is also possible to obtain very flexible ropes by using latex foams or 25 polyurethane foams as the binder.
Of course, it is also possible to coat the outside of the tubular sheath with an abrasion-resistant resin such as polyvinyl chloride, synthetic elastomers or polyamides.
30 The process which makes it possible to deposit binder on the threads in zones can be carried out continuously or discontinuously during the manufacture of the cable. As regards the said deposition, which can be uniform or random over 35 the length of the threads, both in terms of the distribution and the length of the deposit, it can be carried out either as a programmed immersion of the thread in a bath of binder, or as a programmed deposition of binder on the threads 40 by known means such as rollers (or inking equipment for screen printing).
Brief description of the Figures of the accompanying drawings:
Figure 1 is a partly broken away view in 45 elevation of a cable embodying the invention;
Figure 2 is a schematic view illustrating a discontinuous process of applying binder at spaced locations along the length of a cable; and
Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure 1 but 50 showing an embodiment including an electrical conductor.
Figure 1 illustrates a cable having parallel threads 1 bonded together at spaced locations 2. The bundle of threads 1 is surrounded by a layer 55 of binder 3 and a braided sheath 4.
While Figure 1 shows one embodiment; it is also possible to envisage modifications having a central conducting wire, or having several conducting wires arranged in a concentric manner 60 and parallel to the textile threads. This may be provided with a non-circular transverse section for the cable, which may or may not possess a strengthening element such as described in the specification of British Patent No. 1,269,596. 65 Figure 2 schematically represents the use of a discontinuous process for providing the parallel threads of the core of the rope with a coating of binder material at spaced locations there along. A bath for impregnating the threads is arranged at 70 an angle alpha so that it is not perpendicular to the threads 1 of the core, this having the effect of systematically mixing up the overlaps, namely the impregnated stiff parts 11 and the non-impregnated flexible parts 12. The angle alpha 75 can vary along the core; it can be 90°, if desired, although it is preferably acute. The length L denotes the length of the non-impregnated threads; this length can remain constant or vary along the core; the same applies to the length 1 of 80 the impregnated threads.
The present invention can also be used to modify the cable for carrying electric current forming the subject of British Patent Number 1,043,314. Figure 3 illustrates a cable which 85 comprises a filiform, axial central element which conducts electric current. The Figure also shows the external coating 5, a braid 6, an internal coating 7, and the threads 8, bonded by impregnation in zones, at 9, and assembled 90 around the electrical conductor 10, which is preferably made of copper. In this type of electric traction cable, the textile threads have a lower elongation than the copper core and provide the tractive function.
95 The cable forming the subject of the present application indeed retains all the beneficial properties of the earlier, totally impregnated cables, these properties being: high breaking strength per unit section, low elongation under 100 load, low creep and low relaxation in continuous service, excellent abrasion resistance, resistance to accidental cuts, non-twisting properties, no shear stress on the core threads in continuous service, which leads to an excellent fatigue 105 resistance under tension and hence a very long lifetime, and ease of positioning, in particular as regards the ends (caps, splices, cable clamps and the like). As an additional beneficial property it possesses a very high flexibility by virtue of the 110 discontinuous deposit of binder. Employing the discontinuous process for depositing binder manifests itself in an approximately 50% saving in terms of binder, a saving in terms of heat (less water to be evaporated in the drying ovens), in the 115 possibility of increasing the production rates for large cables, which rates are generally restricted by the drying problems, in a reduction in the weight of the cable per metre, and hence a gain in terms of the resistance per kilometre, and in a 120 lower cost price.
Cables produced using the invention can be used for the manufacture of motorway crash barriers, in oceanography, in ballooning, for fixing floating stations in the sea, and in general for all 125 the applications of rope, in which the flexibility and the strength are the principally desired qualities.
The following Examples illustrate the present application without limiting it.
3
GB 2 032 481 A 3
Example 1
400 polyethylene terephthalate threads, each having a gauge of 1,000 deniers and comprising 200 filaments, are passed parallel, in the form of a 5 web, into a device which makes it possible to deposit, in zones along the threads and in a zigzag fashion, a binder consisting of a rubber latex containing the catalysts and adjuvants customary in vulcanisation. The threads are subsequently 10 drawn vertically, from the bottom to the top, to the outlet of the impregnation system, and they are then passed through a disc pierced with holes, which places the threads, relative to one another, in the position which they are to occupy in the 15 finished rope. The threads then together pass through a sizing die, the orifice of which has a diameter of 8 mm, corresponding to the final diameter of the core. This core, shaped in this way and also impregnated in zones with fresh binder, 20 passes along the axis of a braiding machine comprising 16 spindles, each of which provides 6 polyhexamethylene adipamide threads each having a gauge of 840 deniers and comprising 140 filaments. The braided sheath which is 25 applied continuously to the core becomes impregnated with the binder which exudes, and is rendered integral with the core. The whole is passed through a conical elastic sleeve of which the smallest diameter, which is 8.5 mm, 30 approximately corresponds to the diameter of the finished cable. The surface of the latter is thus smoothed. This assembly is then passed through a tunnel oven in which the temperature varies in sections between 50 and 130°C, and in which 35 the assembly resides for about 5 minutes, which ensures the drying of the binder and the vulcanisation thereof. The proportion of dry binder is about 4% of the weight of the rope.
The resulting rope possesses a diameter of 8.5 40 mm and a breaking strength of 2 tonnes, whereas a conventional stranded rope of the same diameter, manufactured from the same threads, breaks under a load of 1 tonne.
Example 2
45 A binder, consisting of a 30% strength aqueous-alcoholic solution of an interpolyamide produced from 45% of hexamethylenediamine adipate and 55% of caprolactam and containing 40% of plasticiser, relative to the total weight of 50 solid, is deposited by means of a disc and in zones, onto 30 parallel polyethylene terephthalate threads each having a gauge of 1,000 deniers and comprising 200 individual strands. The threads are subsequently drawn, as in Example 1, through 55 a disc pierced with holes, and then through a sizing die, the orifice of which has a diameter of 2.5 mm, and finally along the axis of a braiding machine with 16 spindles, each of which provides 3 polyhexamethylene adipamide threads each 60 having a gauge of 840 deniers and comprising 140 individual strands. The whole of the rope produced in this way is then passed through a tunnel oven under the same conditions as in
Example 1. The proportion of dry binder is about 65 16% of the weight of the rope.
The resulting rope possesses a diameter of 3.3 mm and a breaking strength of 283 kg. Its elongation under a load of 10 kg, applied for 48 hours, is 1.4%.
70 Example 3
18 rovings, each of 50,000 dtex (number of strands per roving; 30,000, gauge per strand: 1.67 dtex), made of a textile based on a polymer from the arylamide family, having the trademark 75 Kevlar (Du Pont de Nemours), are impregnated at certain points, passing them in parallel in the form of a web, by the oblique application, so as to produce coated lengths of 3 centimetres and non-coated lengths of 3 centimetres, of a binder 80 consisting of a self-vulcanising, enriched rubber latex comprising fungicides and vulcanisation ingredients. At the outlet of the binder applying tank, the threads are drawn vertically from bottom to top, and they are then passed through a disc 85 pierced with holes, which ensures the placing of the threads, relative to one another, in such a way that an axial copper element, having a diameter of about 8 mm, is positioned at the centre of this disc. The drying of the binder is started 90 simultaneously. The assembly consisting of the threads and the coaxial copper element is then passed through a sizing die, the orifice of which has a diameter similar to the final diameter of the rope. This assembly, shaped in this way and also 95 impregnated with fresh binder, is then passed along the axis of a braiding machine comprising 16 spindles, each of which provides two continuous polyhexamethylene adipamide threads having an overall gauge of 5,840 dtex. 100 The assembly is subsequently passed through a solution of self-vulcanising “Hypalon” containing a carbon black filler, and then through a conical elastic sleeve of which the smallest diameter approximately corresponds to the diameter of the 105 finished cable, namely about 15 mm; the surface of the latter is thus smoothed. The assembly is then passed through a tunnel oven in which the temperature varies between 50 and 130°C, and in which the assembly resides for about 5 110 minutes, which ensures the drying of the binder and the vulcanisation thereof.
This gives a very flexible electric traction cable.
Claims (1)
Claims
1. A flexible cable comprising a plurality of 115 substantially parallel, textile core threads and an external sheath, the core threads being bonded to one another in a discontinuous manner to form a core with a binder material which also bonds the core to the sheath.
120 2. A flexible cable according to Claim 1, which is in the form of an electric traction cable comprising a central axial element consisting of a filiform electrically conductive element around which the substantially parallel textile threads are 125 distributed to provide the tractive function of the cable, the elongation of the textile threads under
4
GB 2 032 481 A 4
load being lower than that of the conductive filiform element.
3. A flexible, electric traction cable according to Claim 2, wherein the conductive filiform
5 element is made of copper.
4. A flexible cable according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the sheath is braided about the core.
5. A process of manufacturing a flexible cable wherein a plurality of substantially parallel textile
10 threads have binder applied thereto in a discontinuous manner before being bonded together to form a core about which a sheath is bonded by the binder.
6. A process according to Claim 5, wherein the 15 textile threads are spread out in the form of a web during impregnation with the binder with the impregnation being so carried out that the zone of impregnation extends across the web in a direction which is not perpendicular to the core 20 threads.
7. A process according to Claim 5 or 6,
wherein the sheath is braided about the core.
8. A process according to claim 5, 6, or 7, wherein the sheathed core is passed through a
25 sizing die before curing of the binder.
9. A flexible cable constructed and arranged substantially as herein described with reference to and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
10. A process of manufacturing a flexible cable 30 substantially as herein described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Printed for Her Majesty’s Stationery Office by the Courier Press, Leamington Spa, 1980. Published by the Patent Office, 25 Southampton Buildings, London, WC2A 1 AY, from which copies may be obtained.
GB7931542A
1978-09-22
1979-09-11
Flexible cable and process of its manufacture
Withdrawn
GB2032481A
(en)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number
Priority Date
Filing Date
Title
FR7827462A
FR2436841A1
(en)
1978-09-22
1978-09-22
NEW TYPE OF ROPE, CABLE AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF
Publications (1)
Publication Number
Publication Date
GB2032481A
true
GB2032481A
(en)
1980-05-08
Family
ID=9213021
Family Applications (1)
Application Number
Title
Priority Date
Filing Date
GB7931542A
Withdrawn
GB2032481A
(en)
1978-09-22
1979-09-11
Flexible cable and process of its manufacture
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US4312260A
(en)
JP
(1)
JPS5562284A
(en)
AT
(1)
AT363351B
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BE
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BE878937A
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BR
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BR7906066A
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DE
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DE2938196A1
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DK
(1)
DK396079A
(en)
ES
(1)
ES484372A1
(en)
FI
(1)
FI792663A
(en)
FR
(1)
FR2436841A1
(en)
GB
(1)
GB2032481A
(en)
IT
(1)
IT1123284B
(en)
LU
(1)
LU81713A1
(en)
NL
(1)
NL7906010A
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NO
(1)
NO793036L
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OA
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Assignee
Title
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(en)
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1993-07-13
1996-08-20
Langer; Alexander G.
Fishing line and reel
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Rope structure with improved bending fatigue and abrasion resistance characteristics
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Teijin Aramid Bv
rope and method for making a rope
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Detangling device, method of making and using the same
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Teufelberger Gmbh
Core-sheath cable
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High strength tether for transmitting power and communications
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Scarpa Calzaturificio Spa
LACE FOR FOOTWEAR AND SHOE PROVIDED WITH THIS LACE
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1978
1978-09-22
FR
FR7827462A
patent/FR2436841A1/en
active
Granted
1979
1979-08-06
NL
NL7906010A
patent/NL7906010A/en
not_active
Application Discontinuation
1979-08-27
FI
FI792663A
patent/FI792663A/en
not_active
Application Discontinuation
1979-09-10
US
US06/073,805
patent/US4312260A/en
not_active
Expired – Lifetime
1979-09-11
GB
GB7931542A
patent/GB2032481A/en
not_active
Withdrawn
1979-09-20
BR
BR7906066A
patent/BR7906066A/en
unknown
1979-09-21
OA
OA56903A
patent/OA06344A/en
unknown
1979-09-21
AT
AT0622979A
patent/AT363351B/en
not_active
IP Right Cessation
1979-09-21
IT
IT25927/79A
patent/IT1123284B/en
active
1979-09-21
LU
LU81713A
patent/LU81713A1/en
unknown
1979-09-21
SE
SE7907865A
patent/SE7907865L/en
unknown
1979-09-21
DK
DK396079A
patent/DK396079A/en
unknown
1979-09-21
NO
NO793036A
patent/NO793036L/en
unknown
1979-09-21
ES
ES484372A
patent/ES484372A1/en
not_active
Expired
1979-09-21
BE
BE0/197269A
patent/BE878937A/en
unknown
1979-09-21
DE
DE19792938196
patent/DE2938196A1/en
not_active
Withdrawn
1979-09-21
JP
JP12089479A
patent/JPS5562284A/en
active
Pending
Cited By (1)
* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number
Priority date
Publication date
Assignee
Title
US5546695A
(en)
*
1993-07-13
1996-08-20
Langer; Alexander G.
Fishing line and reel
Also Published As
Publication number
Publication date
JPS5562284A
(en)
1980-05-10
DK396079A
(en)
1980-03-23
ATA622979A
(en)
1980-12-15
IT7925927D0
(en)
1979-09-21
LU81713A1
(en)
1980-04-21
FI792663A
(en)
1980-03-23
BR7906066A
(en)
1980-07-15
IT1123284B
(en)
1986-04-30
DE2938196A1
(en)
1980-04-03
NO793036L
(en)
1980-03-25
OA06344A
(en)
1981-06-30
FR2436841A1
(en)
1980-04-18
BE878937A
(en)
1980-03-21
NL7906010A
(en)
1980-03-25
FR2436841B1
(en)
1981-12-18
ES484372A1
(en)
1980-05-16
US4312260A
(en)
1982-01-26
AT363351B
(en)
1981-07-27
SE7907865L
(en)
1980-03-23
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Legal Events
Date
Code
Title
Description
1983-07-13
WAP
Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1)
