GB1566819A – Electroslag remelting and surfacing apparatus
– Google Patents
GB1566819A – Electroslag remelting and surfacing apparatus
– Google Patents
Electroslag remelting and surfacing apparatus
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Publication number
GB1566819A
GB1566819A
GB3806977A
GB3806977A
GB1566819A
GB 1566819 A
GB1566819 A
GB 1566819A
GB 3806977 A
GB3806977 A
GB 3806977A
GB 3806977 A
GB3806977 A
GB 3806977A
GB 1566819 A
GB1566819 A
GB 1566819A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
mould
wall body
electroslag remelting
surfacing apparatus
current
Prior art date
1977-09-13
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB3806977A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Institut Elektrosvarki Imeni E O Patona Akademii Nauk Ukrainskoi Ssr
Original Assignee
Institut Elektrosvarki Imeni E O Patona Akademii Nauk Ukrainskoi Ssr
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
1977-09-13
Filing date
1977-09-13
Publication date
1980-05-08
1977-09-13
Application filed by Institut Elektrosvarki Imeni E O Patona Akademii Nauk Ukrainskoi Ssr
filed
Critical
Institut Elektrosvarki Imeni E O Patona Akademii Nauk Ukrainskoi Ssr
1977-09-13
Priority to GB3806977A
priority
Critical
patent/GB1566819A/en
1980-05-08
Publication of GB1566819A
publication
Critical
patent/GB1566819A/en
Status
Expired
legal-status
Critical
Current
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Classifications
B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
B23K25/00—Slag welding, i.e. using a heated layer or mass of powder, slag, or the like in contact with the material to be joined
B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
B22D23/00—Casting processes not provided for in groups B22D1/00 – B22D21/00
B22D23/06—Melting-down metal, e.g. metal particles, in the mould
Description
(54) ELECTROSLAG REMELTING AND SURFACING APPARATUS
(71) We, INSTITUT
ELEKTROSVARKI IMENI E.O. PATONA
AKADEMII NAUK UKRAINSKOI SSR,of ulitsa Bozhenko, ii, Kiev, Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics, a Corporation organised under the laws of the Union of Soviet Socialist
Republics, do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement:-
The present invention relates to electroslag remelting and surfacing apparatus which ensures uniform heating of the metal.
The invention provides electroslag remelting or surfacing apparatus which comprises a mould formed of an annular wall body mounted on a base plate and having a mould cavity adapted to receive molten slag and metal, the wall body being provided with a current lead connecting the wall body to a power source and a substantially axial slot filled with an electrically insulating material, the slot extending from the upper end of the body to below the level of the current lead, the wall body being intended to function as one of the electrodes of the electroslag remelting or surfacing apparatus, whereby the force field, created around the wall body by the current passing through it interacts with the current passing through the molten slag, thereby producing unidirectional stable rotary motion of the molten slag about the mould axis.
Specifically, the wall body may be divided transversely to the mould axis into superimposed sections electrically insulated from one another. The lead of the wall body should then be connected to the top section, and the slot fitted with the electrically insulating material should extend throughout the height of the top section. In this case, the base plate should be provided with an individual lead connected to the power source, the base plate serving substantially as a second non-consumable electrode of the electroslag remelting or surfacing apparatus, the top section serving as the first.
The rotary motion of the molten slag achieved by designing the mould accordingly, causes the stirring of the molten slag and of the metal in contact therewith and thus contributes to a uniform distribution of heat along the perimeter of the mould wall and decreases and renders uniform the wear of the mould wall by preventing visible microarcs across interface between the slag and the mould wall.
Furthermore, the stirring of the metal ensures better removal of impurities from metal and raises the value of the heat transfer coefficient from the slag to the surface of a part being surfaced and to the material being melted, thereby enhancing the efficiency of the process.
The use of the mould in electroslag remelting or surfacing apparatus makes it possible to dispense with an inductor in such apparatus and simplifies its design.
The invention will be described further, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein: Figure 1 is a diagrammatic vertical section of a mould for electroslag remelting and surfacing apparatus;
Figure 2 is a fragmentary axonmetric view of the mould illustrated in Figure 1 (not showing the base plate);
Figure 3 is a vertical section of an alternative embodiment of a mould for electroslag remelting and surfacing apparatus;
Figure 4 is a diagrammatic representation of the electroslag remelting or surfacing apparatus comprising the mould shown in Figure 1;
Figure 5 is a diagrammatic representation of the electroslag remelting ur surfacing apparatus comprising the mould shown in Figure 3; and
Figure 6 schematically shows the arrangement of electric and magnetic force lines in the slag pool of the electroslag remelting or surfa .ing apparatus.
The mould 11 for electroslag remelting or surfacing apparatus illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 comprises a base plate 1 and an annular wall body 2 mounted thereon. In order to supply a coolant to the wall body of the mould, the wall body is made hollow (liquid supply pipes are not shown). The wall body 2 is provided with a current lead 3. In order to stabilize the current flow, throughout the whole perimeter of the mould, the wall body 2 is provided with a vertical radially orientated slot 4 filled with an electrically insulating material 5, for instance, asbestos or mica.
Figure 3 shows an alternative mould 15 whose wall body 2 is divided into superimposed horizontal sections. In this case, adjoining sections 6 and 7, 7 and 8 are insulated from one another by gaskets 9 placed therebetween, of asbestos or mica for example, whereas the slot 4 filled with an electrically insulated material 5 extends through the section 6 only, which has a current lead 3. The base plate 1 is provided with a lead 10.
Figure 4 shows an electroslag remelting or surfacing apparatus which comprises the mould 11 illustrated in Figure 1. The lead 3 of the mould 11 is connected to a power source 12 which is connected to a consumable electrode 14 by another lead 13.
The electroslag remelting or surfacing apparatus illustrated in Figure 5 comprises a mould 1 5 which is identical with that illustrated in Figure 3. The section 6 of the mould 15 is connected through the lead 3 to a power source 1 2 and serves as a first non-consumable electrode. The base plate I is connected to the power source 12 through the lead 10 and serves as a second electrode. Overlying the mould 15 is a filler feed mechanism 16.
In the apparatus illustrated in Figure 4, the current passing from the electrode 14 to the base plate 1 heats a slag pool 17 which melts the metal of the electrode 14. The molten metal drops down onto the base plate 1 or, in case of surfacing, onto a part (not shown) which has been placed on the base plate 1.
In the apparatus illustrated in Figure 5 the slag pool 17 is heated by the current passing therethrough from the section 6 to the base plate 1 of the mould 15. The molten slag melts a filler material 18 supplied by a feeding mechanism 16 and the molten filler material drops down onto the base plate 1 or onto a part placed thereon.
In both cases the electroslag process is accompanied by slag pool rotation, this being explained as follows.
The electrical insulating material of the slot 4 in the wall body 2 (Figure 1) or the section 6 (Figure 3) allows the current to flow throughout the whole perimeter of the body or the said section so that the mould wall body or a mould section functions as a single-coil inductor inserted in series in the circuit (the direction of current is shown by solid circles with arrow heads in Figure 6). Versions a and b of Figure 6 correspond to different semi-periods of the alternating current. Force lines (in Figure 6 shown by dash arrows) of the magnetic field induced by the current flowing in the body or the current-conducting section of the mould interact with the magnetic fields induced by the current flowing through the slag pool 17, which pool is actually a conductor with ionic conductivity (in Figure 6 the current is indicated by radially orientated solid arrows). In the apparatus illustrated in Figure 4, wherein direct current is supplied to the electrode 14 and to the wall body 2 of the mould 11, the actual direction of the current in the slag pool is approximately similar to that represented in
Figure 6a. In the apparatus illustrated in
Figure 5, the direction of the current in the slag pool closely approximates to a vertical direction.
Considering one of the solid arrows representing the current in Figure 6, it can be seen that the current represented by that arrow interacts with the magnetic field induced by the current flowing in the body or the currentconducting section of the mould. This results in a force acting on the slag pool, the direction of the force being represented by a straight dashed arrow in Figure 6. The effect of this force can be represented as a compression region (indicated by a dotted line) on one side of the current arrow and a tension region (indicated by stippling) on the other side. The force causes the rotary motion of the slag pool. As shown in Figures 6a and 6b, the direction of rotation is independent of the direction of the current flow. Thus, a stable rotary motion of the slag pool 17 takes place when either a direct or alternate current is supplied. The speed of rotation depends on the density of supplied current, on physical and chemical properties of the slag, as well as on the mould capacity.
Rotary motion of the slag pool, caused by the electromagnetic forces is in’tarted to the metal pool 19 on account of friction between the molten slag and metal.
The rotary motion promotes uniform distribution of heat throughout the slag pool 17 and molten metal contained therein, thereby preventing occurrence of microarcs in the interface between the slag and the mould wall, causing untimely and non-uniform wear of the mould.
Furthermore, the stirring of the slag enhances the removal of impurities and inclusions (such as sulphur and phosphorus) from metal, and considerably speeds up melting of metal (by 30% or more), thereby enhancing efficiency of the electroslag process.
The mould is simple in construction, and, combining the functions of a mould proper, a non-consumable electrode, and an inductor, it facilitates the construction of an electroslag remelting and surfacing apparatus wherein such mould is used.
WHAT WE CLAIM IS:
1. Electroslag remelting or surfacing apparatus which comprises a mould formed of an annular wall body mounted on a base plate and having a mould cavity adapted to receive molten slag and metal, the wall body being provided with a current lead connecting the wall body to a power source and a substantially axial slot filled with an electrically insulating material, the slot extending from the upper end of the body to below the level of the current lead, the wall body being intended to function as one of the electrodes of the electroslag remelting or surfacing apparatus, whereby the magnetic force field, created around the wall body by the current passing through it, interacts with the current passing through the molten slag, thereby producing unidirectional stable rotary motion of the molten slag about the mould axis.
2. Apparatus as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the wall body is divided transversely to the mould axis into superimposed sections electrically insulated from one another, the current lead of the wall body being connected to the top section of the wall body, the slot, filled with the electrically insulating material, extending throughout the height of the said top section, the base plate having an individual current lead (connected to the power source to function substantially as a second non-consumable electrode of the electroslag remelting or surfacing apparatus, the top section functioning as the first non-consumable electrode.
3. Electroslag remelting or surfacing apparatus substantially as described herein with reference to, and as shown in, Figures 1, 2, and 4 or Figures 3 and 5 of the accompanying drawings.
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.
Claims (3)
**WARNING** start of CLMS field may overlap end of DESC **. 30% or more), thereby enhancing efficiency of the electroslag process. The mould is simple in construction, and, combining the functions of a mould proper, a non-consumable electrode, and an inductor, it facilitates the construction of an electroslag remelting and surfacing apparatus wherein such mould is used. WHAT WE CLAIM IS:
1. Electroslag remelting or surfacing apparatus which comprises a mould formed of an annular wall body mounted on a base plate and having a mould cavity adapted to receive molten slag and metal, the wall body being provided with a current lead connecting the wall body to a power source and a substantially axial slot filled with an electrically insulating material, the slot extending from the upper end of the body to below the level of the current lead, the wall body being intended to function as one of the electrodes of the electroslag remelting or surfacing apparatus, whereby the magnetic force field, created around the wall body by the current passing through it, interacts with the current passing through the molten slag, thereby producing unidirectional stable rotary motion of the molten slag about the mould axis.
2. Apparatus as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the wall body is divided transversely to the mould axis into superimposed sections electrically insulated from one another, the current lead of the wall body being connected to the top section of the wall body, the slot, filled with the electrically insulating material, extending throughout the height of the said top section, the base plate having an individual current lead (connected to the power source to function substantially as a second non-consumable electrode of the electroslag remelting or surfacing apparatus, the top section functioning as the first non-consumable electrode.
3. Electroslag remelting or surfacing apparatus substantially as described herein with reference to, and as shown in, Figures 1, 2, and 4 or Figures 3 and 5 of the accompanying drawings.
GB3806977A
1977-09-13
1977-09-13
Electroslag remelting and surfacing apparatus
Expired
GB1566819A
(en)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number
Priority Date
Filing Date
Title
GB3806977A
GB1566819A
(en)
1977-09-13
1977-09-13
Electroslag remelting and surfacing apparatus
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number
Priority Date
Filing Date
Title
GB3806977A
GB1566819A
(en)
1977-09-13
1977-09-13
Electroslag remelting and surfacing apparatus
Publications (1)
Publication Number
Publication Date
GB1566819A
true
GB1566819A
(en)
1980-05-08
Family
ID=10400951
Family Applications (1)
Application Number
Title
Priority Date
Filing Date
GB3806977A
Expired
GB1566819A
(en)
1977-09-13
1977-09-13
Electroslag remelting and surfacing apparatus
Country Status (1)
Country
Link
GB
(1)
GB1566819A
(en)
Cited By (1)
* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number
Priority date
Publication date
Assignee
Title
FR2595597A1
(en)
*
1986-03-13
1987-09-18
Cegedur
DEVICE FOR ADJUSTING THE LEVEL OF THE CONTACT LINE OF THE FREE SURFACE OF THE METAL WITH THE LINGOTIERE IN A VERTICAL CASTING
1977
1977-09-13
GB
GB3806977A
patent/GB1566819A/en
not_active
Expired
Cited By (2)
* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number
Priority date
Publication date
Assignee
Title
FR2595597A1
(en)
*
1986-03-13
1987-09-18
Cegedur
DEVICE FOR ADJUSTING THE LEVEL OF THE CONTACT LINE OF THE FREE SURFACE OF THE METAL WITH THE LINGOTIERE IN A VERTICAL CASTING
EP0249565A1
(en)
*
1986-03-13
1987-12-16
Cegedur Pechiney Rhenalu
Device for regulating the level of the contact line of the free metal surface with the continuous casting mould in a vertical casting
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Legal Events
Date
Code
Title
Description
1980-07-23
PS
Patent sealed
1986-05-14
PCNP
Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee
