GB1577572A – Domestic electric appliance including a heating device comprising a resistance body of ptc material
– Google Patents
GB1577572A – Domestic electric appliance including a heating device comprising a resistance body of ptc material
– Google Patents
Domestic electric appliance including a heating device comprising a resistance body of ptc material
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Info
Publication number
GB1577572A
GB1577572A
GB15036/77A
GB1503677A
GB1577572A
GB 1577572 A
GB1577572 A
GB 1577572A
GB 15036/77 A
GB15036/77 A
GB 15036/77A
GB 1503677 A
GB1503677 A
GB 1503677A
GB 1577572 A
GB1577572 A
GB 1577572A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
electrodes
heating device
resistance body
voltage source
resistance
Prior art date
1976-04-15
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB15036/77A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Koninklijke Philips NV
Original Assignee
Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
1976-04-15
Filing date
1977-04-12
Publication date
1980-10-29
1977-04-12
Application filed by Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken NV
filed
Critical
Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken NV
1980-10-29
Publication of GB1577572A
publication
Critical
patent/GB1577572A/en
Status
Expired
legal-status
Critical
Current
Links
Espacenet
Global Dossier
Discuss
238000010438
heat treatment
Methods
0.000
title
claims
description
17
239000000463
material
Substances
0.000
title
claims
description
14
239000011248
coating agent
Substances
0.000
description
4
238000000576
coating method
Methods
0.000
description
4
229910052751
metal
Inorganic materials
0.000
description
3
239000002184
metal
Substances
0.000
description
3
PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Nickel
Chemical compound
[Ni]
PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
0.000
description
2
239000004411
aluminium
Substances
0.000
description
2
229910052782
aluminium
Inorganic materials
0.000
description
2
XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
aluminium
Chemical compound
[Al]
XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
0.000
description
2
DUPIXUINLCPYLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N
barium lead
Chemical compound
[Ba].[Pb]
DUPIXUINLCPYLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N
0.000
description
2
235000000396
iron
Nutrition
0.000
description
2
238000000034
method
Methods
0.000
description
2
229920002379
silicone rubber
Polymers
0.000
description
2
239000004945
silicone rubber
Substances
0.000
description
2
FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Magnesium
Chemical compound
[Mg]
FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N
0.000
description
1
229910018487
Ni—Cr
Inorganic materials
0.000
description
1
BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Silver
Chemical compound
[Ag]
BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N
0.000
description
1
229910045601
alloy
Inorganic materials
0.000
description
1
239000000956
alloy
Substances
0.000
description
1
229910052787
antimony
Inorganic materials
0.000
description
1
WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N
antimony atom
Chemical compound
[Sb]
WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N
0.000
description
1
229910052454
barium strontium titanate
Inorganic materials
0.000
description
1
229910002113
barium titanate
Inorganic materials
0.000
description
1
JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
barium titanate
Chemical compound
[Ba+2].[Ba+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])([O-])[O-]
JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
0.000
description
1
238000009835
boiling
Methods
0.000
description
1
VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N
chromium nickel
Chemical compound
[Cr].[Ni]
VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N
0.000
description
1
239000004020
conductor
Substances
0.000
description
1
230000007423
decrease
Effects
0.000
description
1
230000008021
deposition
Effects
0.000
description
1
238000005485
electric heating
Methods
0.000
description
1
230000005611
electricity
Effects
0.000
description
1
CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N
magnesium oxide
Inorganic materials
[Mg]=O
CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N
0.000
description
1
239000000395
magnesium oxide
Substances
0.000
description
1
AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N
magnesium;oxygen(2-)
Chemical compound
[O-2].[Mg+2]
AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N
0.000
description
1
238000004519
manufacturing process
Methods
0.000
description
1
239000000203
mixture
Substances
0.000
description
1
229910052759
nickel
Inorganic materials
0.000
description
1
229910000623
nickel–chromium alloy
Inorganic materials
0.000
description
1
229910052758
niobium
Inorganic materials
0.000
description
1
239000010955
niobium
Substances
0.000
description
1
GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N
niobium atom
Chemical compound
[Nb]
GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N
0.000
description
1
238000003825
pressing
Methods
0.000
description
1
229910052761
rare earth metal
Inorganic materials
0.000
description
1
150000002910
rare earth metals
Chemical class
0.000
description
1
238000007650
screen-printing
Methods
0.000
description
1
229910052709
silver
Inorganic materials
0.000
description
1
239000004332
silver
Substances
0.000
description
1
238000005476
soldering
Methods
0.000
description
1
238000005507
spraying
Methods
0.000
description
1
238000007669
thermal treatment
Methods
0.000
description
1
229910052727
yttrium
Inorganic materials
0.000
description
1
VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
yttrium atom
Chemical compound
[Y]
VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
0.000
description
1
Classifications
H—ELECTRICITY
H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
H01C—RESISTORS
H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
H01C7/02—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material having positive temperature coefficient
H01C7/022—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material having positive temperature coefficient mainly consisting of non-metallic substances
H—ELECTRICITY
H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
H01C—RESISTORS
H01C1/00—Details
H01C1/14—Terminals or tapping points or electrodes specially adapted for resistors; Arrangements of terminals or tapping points or electrodes on resistors
H01C1/1406—Terminals or electrodes formed on resistive elements having positive temperature coefficient
A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
A45—HAND OR TRAVELLING ARTICLES
A45D—HAIRDRESSING OR SHAVING EQUIPMENT; EQUIPMENT FOR COSMETICS OR COSMETIC TREATMENTS, e.g. FOR MANICURING OR PEDICURING
A45D2/00—Hair-curling or hair-waving appliances ; Appliances for hair dressing treatment not otherwise provided for
A45D2/001—Hair straightening appliances
Description
PATENT SPECIFICATION
( 21) Application No 15036/77 ( 22) Filed 12 April 1977 ( 31) Convention Application No 7 603 997 ( 32) Filed 15 April 1976 in ( 33) Netherlands (NL) ( 44) Complete Specification published 29 Oct 1980 ( 51) INT CL 3 H 05 B 3/14 ( 52) Index at acceptance H 5 H 107 124 140 144 154 156 194 198 202 203 222 224 231 232 235 242 255 260 270 AH BB 1 ( 54) DOMESTIC ELECTRIC APPLIANCE INCLUDING A HEATING DEVICE COMPRISING A RESISTANCE BODY OF P.T C MATERIAL ( 71) We N V PHILIPS’ GLOEILAMPENFABRIEKEN, a limited liability Company, organised and established under the laws of the Kingdom, of the Netherlands, of Emmasingel 29, Eindhoven, the Netherlands do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the
following statement:-
The invention relates to a domestic electric appliance including a heating device comprising a resistance body of a material having a positive temperature coefficient of resistance provided with electrodes and means to connect these electrodes to an electric voltage source.
Heating devices of this kind are known per se They have the advantage that the device stabilizes itself at a given temperature Above this temperature the resistance of the resistance material strongly increases so that the current flowing through the resistance body decreases, and, consequently, the production of heat.
It is an object of the invention to provide, while using a resistance body of a material having a positive temperature coefficient of resistance and ‘avoiding intricate circuits and avoiding the use of active or passive components such as diodes and resistors a step-wise controllable electric heating device.
According to the invention there is provided a domestic electric appliance including a heating device and an electric selector switch, wherein the heating de Vice comprises a resistance body of a material having a positive temperature coefficient of resistance provided with at least three electrodes and means to connect these electrodes to an electric voltage source, at least one electrode of the heating device being arranged for connection to a first pole of a voltage source and the other electrodes being connected to the said switch such that depending on the temperature level to be reached one of the other electrodes or a combination thereof can be connected to a second pole of the voltage source.
The invention is based on the recognition that it is possible to stabilize the heating device at different temperature levels by controlling the power output in a stepwise manner It has appeared that when applying a given electric voltage the output power of the resistance body also depends on the ratio between the effective areas of the electrodes which are connected to one pole and to the other pole of the voltage source.
In a preferred embodiment of the combination according to the invention the resistance body comprises two opposite boundary surfaces, one of the boundary surfaces being provided with at least one electrode and the other boundary surface with at least two electrodes which are separated from one another.
The resistance body may, for example, consist of a rectangular, square or discshaped plate of a material havinga positive temperature coefficient of resistance or also of a hollow cylinder of such a material In the latter case the inner and the outer surface form the opposite boundary surfaces of the resistance body to which the elecrodes are applied.
The resistance material having a positive temperature coefficient of resistance, also indicated by P T C material hereinafter, may, for example, consist of doned barium titanate, barium lead titanate, barium strontium titanate, whereas the doping may, for example, consist of a rare earth metal, antimony, yttrium or niobium Such materials are commercially available and extensively described in the relevant literature The electrodes which form an ohmic contact may, for example, consist of a coating of a metal or of an alloy such as silver, nickel, nickel chromium alloy These coating’s may be obtained, for example, by spraying or screen printing of a paste followkf M ( 11) 1 577 572 ( 19 A 2 1,577,572 2:
ed by a thermal treatment, by vapour deposition or by means of processing in an electroless metal bath.
It should be noted that bodies of a P T C.
material having on an opposite boundary surface an electrode which covers the entire, or substantially the entire, boundary surface and two separate electrodes of mutually equal surfaces which cover the other boundary surface respectively are known for use in a degaussing circuit for cathode-ray tubes for colour television.
Herein the resistance body is used as a switching element for a degaussing coil In the relevant circuit the two electrodes situated in a boundary surface are connected via the resistance body in series between a pole of the voltage source and a pole of the degaussing coil The single electrode situated on the other boundary surface is connected across an ohmic resistor in parallel with the other pole of the degaussing coil to the other pole of the voltage source It is also known to use such bodies of P T C, a heating material, in an engine carburettor as disclosed and claimed in Patent No 1 449 807.
In its simplest form a combination according to the invention comprises a plate-shaped resistance body which is provided on both opposite boundary surfaces with a single metal coating which covers the entire surface, this coating being divided on one such surface by means of a sawcut to give at least two separate electrodes with a mutually different surface It is of course also possible to apply or etch electrodes according to given patterns by means of known photographic techniques.
By means of a switching device the mutually separated electrodes on one surface are connected to a pole of a voltage source In its simplest form the switching device comprises three switching positions, by means of which the one or the other electrode or both electrodes can be connected in parallel with the voltage source The electrode situated on the other boundary surface may be connected direct to the voltage source.
With this simple heating device heat can be dissipated at three different temperature levels The lowest temperature level is obtained when the electrode having the smallest surface, the next higher when the electrode with the largest surface and the highest level when both electrodes are connected to one pole of the voltage source.
It is immediately clear that a boundary surface can also bear more than two electrodes and that the counter electrodes on the other boundary surface need not consist of a single electrode but also of two or more separate electrodes In this manner the number of temperature levels can be extended as required Domestic electric appliances including heating devices according to the invention can be utilized everywhere where there is a need for controlling the temperature in a step-wise 70 manner such as in haircurlers, irons, boiling plates, soldering irons, etc.
An embodiment of the invention will be further explained by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawing 75 In the drawing:
Figure I shows diagrammatically a combination including a heating device having a resistance body with three electrodes and a counter electrode, 80 Figure II shows a cross-section of the resistance body incorporated in the curling tube of hair curling tongs and Figure 111 is a graph in which the temperature varia-tion versus the time is 85 shown with different temperature levels measured at the outside of the curling tube.
On a resistance body 5 of doped barium lead titanate (Ba 074,PB 025 La O 003 Ti O 3) 90 having a Curie point of approximately C and the dimensions 3 5 x 0 7 x 0 5 cm, electrodes 1, 2, 3 and 4 of nickel chromium are applied on the two opposite boundary surfaces with a layer thickness of 95 0.3 micrometers The electrodes have an effective area of 1:0 4 cm 2,2:0 4 cm 2 3:1 1 cm 2 and 4:2 2 cm 2 respectively By means of the switching device 6 (shown diagrammatically) the electrodes 1, 2, 3 can be 100 connected in different combinations and separately to the voltage source 7.
Figure 2 shows a cross-section of the resistance body of Figure 1, provided with an envelope and accommodated in the 105 curling tube of a pair of hair curling tongs (not shown in the drawing) The resistance body 5, provided with electrodes 1, 2, 3 and 4 and the current conductors IA, 2 A, 3 A and 4 A is disposed in a tube 9, consisting of 110 a mixture of 30 weight % of silicone rubber and 70 weight % of magnesium powder, which, after pressing, is vulcanized The resistance body 5 is embedded in a mass 8 consisting of 30 weight % of silicone rubber 115 and 70 weight % of magnesium oxide which is vulcanized after application of the mass.
The assembly is disclosed in an envelope 10 of aluminium having a wall thickness of 0.7 mm and is located in the so-called curling 120 tube 11, also made of aluminium, of a pair of curling tongs The wall of this curling tube is 0.8 mm thick, and there is an airgap of one millimetre between the two tubes.
In this embodiment, when the resistance 125 was operated from a 220 V mains, electricity supply after approximately ten minutes the outer wall of the curling tube reached a stable temperature level as shown in the table 130
1,577,572 1,577,572 Switched on Current Power output reached Curve electrodes in m A in W temp OC A ( 1 + 2) versus 4 50 11 0 106 B 3 versus 4 66 14 52 136 C ( 2 + 3) versus 4 74 16 28 144 D ( 1 + 2 + 3) versus 4 82 18 04 149 For these tests the heating device was built into commercially available curling tongs.
Claims (4)
WHAT WE CLAIM IS:-
1 A domestic electric appliance, including a heating device and an electric selector switch, wherein the heating device comprises a resistance body of a material having a positive temperature coefficient of resistance provided with at least three electrodes and means to connect these electrodes to an electric voltage source, at least one electrode of the heating device being arranged for connection to a first pole of a voltage source and the other electrodes being connected to the said switch such that depending on the temperature level to be reached one of the other electrodes or a combination thereof can be connected to a second pole of the voltage source.
2 An appliance as claimed in Claim l, characterized in that the resistance body has two opposite boundary surfaces, one of the boundary surfaces being provided with at least one electrode and the other boundary surface with at least two electrodes.
3 An appliance as claimed in Claim 1, characterized in that the resistance body is provided with electrodes having different effective areas on at least one of the boundary surfaces.
4 A domestic electric appliance including a heating device substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
R.J BOXALL, Chartered Patent Agent, Mullard House, Torrington Place.
London, WCIE 7 HD, Agent for the Applicants.
Printed for Her Majesty’s Stationery Office by the Courier Press, Leamington Spa, 1980.
Published by the Patent Office, 25 Southampton Buildings, London, WC 2 A l AY, from which copies may be obtained.
GB15036/77A
1976-04-15
1977-04-12
Domestic electric appliance including a heating device comprising a resistance body of ptc material
Expired
GB1577572A
(en)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number
Priority Date
Filing Date
Title
NL7603997A
NL7603997A
(en)
1976-04-15
1976-04-15
ELECTRICAL HEATING DEVICE CONTAINING A RESISTANCE BODY OF PTC MATERIAL.
Publications (1)
Publication Number
Publication Date
GB1577572A
true
GB1577572A
(en)
1980-10-29
Family
ID=19826017
Family Applications (1)
Application Number
Title
Priority Date
Filing Date
GB15036/77A
Expired
GB1577572A
(en)
1976-04-15
1977-04-12
Domestic electric appliance including a heating device comprising a resistance body of ptc material
Country Status (11)
Country
Link
US
(1)
US4151401A
(en)
JP
(1)
JPS52126543A
(en)
BE
(1)
BE853563A
(en)
CA
(1)
CA1116310A
(en)
DE
(2)
DE7711236U1
(en)
DK
(1)
DK161577A
(en)
FR
(1)
FR2348614A1
(en)
GB
(1)
GB1577572A
(en)
IT
(1)
IT1116300B
(en)
NL
(1)
NL7603997A
(en)
SE
(1)
SE7704143L
(en)
Cited By (3)
* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number
Priority date
Publication date
Assignee
Title
GB2146880A
(en)
*
1983-09-14
1985-04-24
Ford Motor Co
Motor vehicle window heating system
EP0196885A2
(en)
*
1985-03-26
1986-10-08
RAYCHEM CORPORATION (a Delaware corporation)
Method for monitoring a heater
US4785163A
(en)
*
1985-03-26
1988-11-15
Raychem Corporation
Method for monitoring a heater
Families Citing this family (60)
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Publication number
Priority date
Publication date
Assignee
Title
JPS5493847U
(en)
*
1977-12-15
1979-07-03
DE2821206C3
(en)
*
1978-05-13
1982-11-11
Danfoss A/S, 6430 Nordborg
PTC resistor for direct connection to the power supply network
JPS5824124B2
(en)
*
1978-10-05
1983-05-19
松下電器産業株式会社
hair adjustment tool
FR2454811A1
(en)
*
1978-11-09
1980-11-21
Rocher Pierre
APPARATUS FOR THE HEAT TREATMENT, IN PARTICULAR ASEPTISATION, OF CONTACT LENSES
US4315237A
(en)
*
1978-12-01
1982-02-09
Raychem Corporation
PTC Devices comprising oxygen barrier layers
JPS5613392U
(en)
*
1979-07-12
1981-02-04
DE2946842C2
(en)
*
1979-11-20
1983-04-14
Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München
A heating element made of PTC thermistor material consisting of a honeycomb body
US4312307A
(en)
*
1980-02-04
1982-01-26
Texas Instruments Incorporated
Glow plug duty cycle modulating apparatus
AT376100B
(en)
*
1980-03-27
1984-10-10
Menhardt Walther Dr
SELF-REGULATING HEATING ELEMENT
US4365140A
(en)
*
1980-07-14
1982-12-21
Sunbeam Corporation
Thermostatically controlled dual temperature electric hair curling iron
US4468555A
(en)
*
1980-08-31
1984-08-28
Tdk Corporation
Electric soldering iron having a PTC heating element
DE3046995C2
(en)
*
1980-12-13
1988-09-08
C.S. Fudickar Kg, 5600 Wuppertal
Electric heating device for heated appliances, household appliances and the like.
US4458137A
(en)
*
1981-04-09
1984-07-03
Rosemount Inc.
Electric heater arrangement for fluid flow stream sensors
US4418272A
(en)
*
1981-06-04
1983-11-29
Fritz Eichenauer Gmbh & Co. Kg
Electric heater
DE3207015C2
(en)
*
1982-02-26
1991-12-05
Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen
Heating device for at least two heating temperature levels with at least two individual PTC heating elements
DE3382581T4
(en)
*
1982-04-16
1995-10-12
Raychem Corp
Elongated electric heater and device with such devices.
US4791276A
(en)
*
1982-04-16
1988-12-13
Raychem Corporation
Elongate electrical assemblies
US4582983A
(en)
*
1982-04-16
1986-04-15
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Elongate electrical assemblies
US4659913A
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1982-04-16
1987-04-21
Raychem Corporation
Elongate electrical assemblies
US4574188A
(en)
*
1982-04-16
1986-03-04
Raychem Corporation
Elongate electrical assemblies
DE3246775A1
(en)
*
1982-12-17
1984-07-12
Robert 7990 Friedrichshafen Kolb jun.
Heating apparatus which can be heated electrically
US4872743A
(en)
*
1983-04-18
1989-10-10
Canon Kabushiki Kaisha
Varifocal optical element
JPS6044798U
(en)
*
1983-09-05
1985-03-29
株式会社 星和電機
steam iron
US4638150A
(en)
*
1984-07-19
1987-01-20
Raychem Corporation
Modular electrical heater
JPH0719645B2
(en)
*
1984-09-07
1995-03-06
日本電装株式会社
Self-temperature controlled heating device
JPS62167503A
(en)
*
1986-01-20
1987-07-23
松下電工株式会社
Hair curler
GB8604519D0
(en)
*
1986-02-24
1986-04-03
Raychem Sa Nv
Electrical devices
US4841127A
(en)
*
1987-04-06
1989-06-20
Gte Products Corporation
Dual temperature hair curler utilizing a pair of PTC heaters
DD301817B5
(en)
*
1989-01-02
1994-03-31
Espv Elektronik Sys Prod & Vertriebs Gmbh
SELF-CONTROLLING ELECTRIC HEATING DEVICE WITH PTC HEATING ELEMENTS
JP2626041B2
(en)
*
1989-04-06
1997-07-02
株式会社村田製作所
Organic positive temperature coefficient thermistor
US5193895A
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*
1990-01-18
1993-03-16
Koito Manufacturing Co., Ltd.
Warning light
JP2741434B2
(en)
*
1990-11-26
1998-04-15
太平洋精工株式会社
Blower motor resistor
EP0591537B1
(en)
*
1991-06-26
1996-11-20
TDK Corporation
Thermister device of positive characteristic
US5414241A
(en)
*
1992-05-11
1995-05-09
Sekisui Kaseihin Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha
Heater, a method of manufacturing the same, and an anti-condensation mirror incorporating the same
AT399978B
(en)
*
1992-06-24
1995-08-25
Ptc Ceramics Heiz Und Regeltec
Heater for vaporizing active substances
JPH07153555A
(en)
*
1993-11-30
1995-06-16
Murata Mfg Co Ltd
Positive characteristic thermistor heater and positive characteristic thermistor heater device using it
CA2159496C
(en)
*
1994-01-31
1999-05-04
Takashi Kaimoto
Ptc planar heater and method for adjusting the resistance of the same
DE4441279C1
(en)
*
1994-11-19
1995-09-21
Abb Management Ag
Current suppressor
DE4441280C2
(en)
*
1994-11-19
1998-08-27
Asea Brown Boveri
PTC thermistor and device for current limitation with at least one PTC thermistor
DE4447367A1
(en)
*
1994-12-21
1996-06-27
Nanotron Ges Fuer Mikrotechnik
Heater for drying shoes
DE953992T1
(en)
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1995-08-15
2000-04-20
Bourns Multifuse Hong Kong Ltd
Surface mount conductive polymer devices and methods of making the same
TW309619B
(en)
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1995-08-15
1997-07-01
Mourns Multifuse Hong Kong Ltd
US6020808A
(en)
*
1997-09-03
2000-02-01
Bourns Multifuse (Hong Kong) Ltd.
Multilayer conductive polymer positive temperature coefficent device
TR200002272T2
(en)
*
1998-02-02
2000-11-21
Manfred Elsaesser
The use of flat heating element and flat heating elements.
US6236302B1
(en)
1998-03-05
2001-05-22
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NL
NL7603997A
patent/NL7603997A/en
not_active
Application Discontinuation
1977
1977-04-07
CA
CA000276320A
patent/CA1116310A/en
not_active
Expired
1977-04-08
US
US05/785,968
patent/US4151401A/en
not_active
Expired – Lifetime
1977-04-09
DE
DE19777711236U
patent/DE7711236U1/en
not_active
Expired
1977-04-09
DE
DE19772715878
patent/DE2715878A1/en
not_active
Ceased
1977-04-12
JP
JP4101977A
patent/JPS52126543A/en
active
Pending
1977-04-12
GB
GB15036/77A
patent/GB1577572A/en
not_active
Expired
1977-04-12
IT
IT67803/77A
patent/IT1116300B/en
active
1977-04-12
DK
DK161577A
patent/DK161577A/en
not_active
IP Right Cessation
1977-04-12
SE
SE7704143A
patent/SE7704143L/en
unknown
1977-04-13
BE
BE176692A
patent/BE853563A/en
not_active
IP Right Cessation
1977-04-15
FR
FR7711411A
patent/FR2348614A1/en
active
Granted
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Title
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(en)
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1983-09-14
1985-04-24
Ford Motor Co
Motor vehicle window heating system
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1985-03-26
1986-10-08
RAYCHEM CORPORATION (a Delaware corporation)
Method for monitoring a heater
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1985-03-26
1988-01-27
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Method for monitoring a heater
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*
1985-03-26
1988-11-15
Raychem Corporation
Method for monitoring a heater
Also Published As
Publication number
Publication date
NL7603997A
(en)
1977-10-18
FR2348614B1
(en)
1981-08-28
US4151401A
(en)
1979-04-24
DE7711236U1
(en)
1982-07-29
FR2348614A1
(en)
1977-11-10
BE853563A
(en)
1977-10-13
DK161577A
(en)
1977-10-16
SE7704143L
(en)
1977-10-16
DE2715878A1
(en)
1977-11-03
IT1116300B
(en)
1986-02-10
JPS52126543A
(en)
1977-10-24
CA1116310A
(en)
1982-01-12
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Legal Events
Date
Code
Title
Description
1981-01-14
PS
Patent sealed [section 19, patents act 1949]
1992-12-09
PCNP
Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee
