GB1584773A – Moulded fibrous materials
– Google Patents
GB1584773A – Moulded fibrous materials
– Google Patents
Moulded fibrous materials
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Publication number
GB1584773A
GB1584773A
GB32179/76A
GB3217976A
GB1584773A
GB 1584773 A
GB1584773 A
GB 1584773A
GB 32179/76 A
GB32179/76 A
GB 32179/76A
GB 3217976 A
GB3217976 A
GB 3217976A
GB 1584773 A
GB1584773 A
GB 1584773A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
fibrous
fibres
fibrous element
filter
core
Prior art date
1976-08-02
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB32179/76A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Arjo Wiggins Ltd
Original Assignee
Wiggins Teape Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
1976-08-02
Filing date
1976-08-02
Publication date
1981-02-18
1976-08-02
Application filed by Wiggins Teape Ltd
filed
Critical
Wiggins Teape Ltd
1976-08-02
Priority to GB32179/76A
priority
Critical
patent/GB1584773A/en
1977-07-19
Priority to DK326777A
priority
patent/DK326777A/en
1977-07-19
Priority to ZA00774317A
priority
patent/ZA774317B/en
1977-07-20
Priority to IE1516/77A
priority
patent/IE45530B1/en
1977-07-21
Priority to DE2732904A
priority
patent/DE2732904C3/en
1977-07-22
Priority to IN1132/CAL/77A
priority
patent/IN148174B/en
1977-07-25
Priority to NZ184737A
priority
patent/NZ184737A/en
1977-07-27
Priority to AU27363/77A
priority
patent/AU504929B2/en
1977-07-27
Priority to FI772298A
priority
patent/FI62467C/en
1977-07-27
Priority to AT0546577A
priority
patent/AT364693B/en
1977-07-28
Priority to CH932577A
priority
patent/CH618853A5/fr
1977-07-29
Priority to IT26367/77A
priority
patent/IT1143750B/en
1977-07-29
Priority to CA283,838A
priority
patent/CA1083458A/en
1977-07-29
Priority to US05/820,387
priority
patent/US4149550A/en
1977-07-30
Priority to ES1977230232U
priority
patent/ES230232Y/en
1977-08-01
Priority to PT66876A
priority
patent/PT66876B/en
1977-08-01
Priority to BE179827A
priority
patent/BE857379A/en
1977-08-01
Priority to LU77882A
priority
patent/LU77882A1/xx
1977-08-01
Priority to FR7723627A
priority
patent/FR2360269A1/en
1977-08-01
Priority to RO7791233A
priority
patent/RO78341A/en
1977-08-01
Priority to NL7708472A
priority
patent/NL7708472A/en
1977-08-01
Priority to DD7700200372A
priority
patent/DD132840A5/en
1977-08-01
Priority to CS775079A
priority
patent/CS201004B2/en
1977-08-01
Priority to GR54071A
priority
patent/GR63347B/en
1977-08-01
Priority to NO772720A
priority
patent/NO146010C/en
1977-08-01
Priority to SE7708755A
priority
patent/SE436167B/en
1977-08-01
Priority to HU77WI289A
priority
patent/HU176908B/en
1977-08-02
Priority to AR268657A
priority
patent/AR216771A1/en
1977-08-02
Priority to TR19967A
priority
patent/TR19967A/en
1977-08-02
Priority to SU772508654A
priority
patent/SU849982A3/en
1977-08-02
Priority to JP52093297A
priority
patent/JPS599150B2/en
1977-08-02
Priority to PL1977200013A
priority
patent/PL108513B1/en
1977-08-02
Priority to BG7737066A
priority
patent/BG28037A3/en
1981-02-18
Publication of GB1584773A
publication
Critical
patent/GB1584773A/en
Status
Expired
legal-status
Critical
Current
Links
Espacenet
Global Dossier
Discuss
Classifications
A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS’ REQUISITES
A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
A24D3/04—Tobacco smoke filters characterised by their shape or structure
A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS’ REQUISITES
A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
B01D—SEPARATION
B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
B01D—SEPARATION
B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
B01D39/16—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
B01D39/18—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being cellulose or derivatives thereof
Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
Y10T428/2918—Rod, strand, filament or fiber including free carbon or carbide or therewith [not as steel]
Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
Y10T428/2927—Rod, strand, filament or fiber including structurally defined particulate matter
Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
Y10T428/2929—Bicomponent, conjugate, composite or collateral fibers or filaments [i.e., coextruded sheath-core or side-by-side type]
Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
Description
PATENT SPECIFICATION
e ( 21) Application No 32179/76 ( 22) Filed 2 Aug 1976 { ( 23) Complete Specification filed 2 Aug 1977 g- ( 44) Complete Specification published 18 Feb 1981 ( 51) INT CL 3 A 24 D 3/04 t ( 52) Index at acceptance A 2 C 1 E 3 ( 72) Inventors KIERON PHILIP GREEN BRUCE REYNOLDS INGLIS ROGER ANTHONY ALLEN ROGER WHERWELL TRINGHAM ( 11) 1 584 773 ( 19) ( 54) IMPROVEMENTS IN MOULDED FIBROUS MATERIALS ( 71) We, WIGGINS TEAPE LIMITED, a British Company formerly of 3 Lincoln’s
Inn Fields, London WC 2 A 31 B, now of
P.O Box 88, Gateway House, Basing View, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG 21 2 EE, England, do hereby declare the invention for which we pray that a Patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement: This invention relates to elongated fibrous structures, principally but not exclusively for use in a sub-divided form as cigarette filters.
The cigarette industry predominantly uses filters of two basic kinds, together with a third kind consisting of a composite of the first two.
The main kind of basic filter in use consists of cellulose acetate in the form of a fibrous tow The tow is treated with a plasticizer such as triacetin to provide a partial bonding of the fibres, and is wrapped with paper (commonly known as the «plug wrap») to retain the structure in a cylindrical form Thus when the filter is incorporated in a cigarette, a second wrap must be applied to retain the filter element in contact with the prepared tobacco column This second wrap (commonly known as the «tipping band») may have a simulated cork tip appearance.
The second basic form of filter currently in use has a core of crimped paper In this form, the use of an initial wrapper is essential in order to retain the filter element in a cylindrical form The use of a double wrap in the finished cigarette as described above is therefore unavoidable where crimped paper filters are used Such filters also tend to present an unattractive end appearance and are susceptible to uneven staining in use Furthermore, the crimped paper structure can give rise to uneven hardness in the filter, and can render it difficult to handle in high speed cigarette manufacturing machinery.
The third form of filter, known as a «dual» filter, was developed with the objective of overcoming certain of the disadvantages of the first two kinds of filter, and consists of a cylindrical segment of each kind held in axial engagement by a paper wrapper Since the filter is assembled 55 on the cigarette with the cellulose acetate portion exposed, the end appearance is improved and the tendency to softness is to some extent alleviated However, the manufacture of such filters is more expen 60 sive due to the necessity for precise handling of the alternating segments Furthermore, handling difficulties can occur, as with the basic kinds of filter, and the «dual» filter does not avoid the double wrapping 65 problem discussed above Indeed, a third wrap must be provided to hold the two cylindrical elements together.
For any of the above filters, a characteristic curve relating total particulate mat 70 ter filtration efficiency to draw resistance can be obtained For a given draw resistance, the crimped paper filter exhibits a higher filtration efficiency than cellulose acetate The dual filter falls between the 75 two in relation to the proportions of the crimped paper and cellulose acetate component it contains.
It is among the objects of the present invention to provide a filter element which 80 avoids the necessity for an initial paper wrap, and which exhibits a substantially enhanced filtration efficiency as compared with cellulose acetate at the same draw resistance The filter of the invention also 85 exhibits a hardness comparable with cellulose acetate filters and substantially better than crimped paper filters and has an acceptable end appearance The filter is less susceptible to uneven end staining and is 90 capable of being handled with ease in cigarette manufacturing machinery.
According to the present invention a fibrous element comprises an elongated structure having a fibrous core with the 95 fibres arranged in random orientation, and which merges into an integral outer layer which is stiffer than said core and which comprises the same fibrous material but with the fibres more closely packed to form 100 1 584 773 a permeable fibrous crust of greater density to stiffen said core.
The invention thus provides a fibrous structure having a fibrous core for effecting filtration of gases, and the fibrous surface layer stiffens the structure and provides a casing effect which serves to maintain the integrity of the filter formed by the core.
Co-pending British Patent Application No 32180/76 (Serial No 1584774) in the name of the present applicant is directed to a method and apparatus for forming an elongated fibrous element from an aqueous dispersion of fibres similar to a papermaking stock The fibrous dispersion, which may comprise cellulose fibres or a mixture of cellulose and synthetic fibres, is injected into a foraminous support formed into a tube, the tube being subjected externally to a vacuum The suspension medium is thus removed through the tube walls so that the fibres are caused to deposit on the inner faces thereof to form a rod The fibrous elements of the present invention may thus optionally be formed by the method and apparatus described in the aforementioned patent application.
It is thought that the crust stems from the higher proportion of fibres in the surface layer which are oriented length wise, and it has been found that the required orientation can be obtained by controlling the efflux ratio (that is the ratio of the velocities of the fibrous suspension and the foraminous support when apparatus as set forth in application No 32180/76 (Serial No 1584774) is used) The minimum efflux ratio depends upon the type of fibre used but for high alpha cellulose fibres of the kind used for the manufacture of cigarette filters the minimum ratio is in the region of 10:1.
The invention further provides an elongated fibrous structure of the kind defined, which, when parted under tension in a lengthwise direction exhibits substantially coniform interfaces at the point of separation Preferably, the fibrous structure has a substantially uniform integrity but contains coniform structures which define at their peripheries the fibrous crust.
The invention also includes a smoking product incorporating a filter made from the fibrous element.
The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawing in which: Fig 1 is a sectional elevation along the centre of a portion of a fibrous structure according to the invention; Fig 2 is a perspective view of male portion of a structure similar to that shown in Fig 1 after parting by the application of tension; Fig 3 is a sectional elevation of one of the interfitting coniform fibrous elements extending between the lines Ill-III of Fig.
1; and Fig 4 is a sectional elevation on the lines 7 () IV-IV of Fig 1.
Figures 5, 6 and 7 are contact beta radiographs through sections, approximately 1 3 millimetres thick, of filter rod structures according to the invention, the 75 exposure time being approximately seven hours Figures 8, 9 and 10 are graphs, showing, for the sections of Figures 5, 6 and 7 respectively, the relative material densities determined along two diameters 80 by a beta radioscanner operated in one millimetre steps.
Referring first to Fig 1 this shows a section 1 of a fibrous element in the form of a longitudinal fibrous structure which 85 is cut away at 2 to show a fibrous core zone 3 and a fibrous crust formed as a surface layer 4 of higher density than the core.
In use, for example as a cigarette filter, and assuming cigarette smoke to be pass 90) ing along the filter in the direction of the arrow 5, filtration will be effected primarily by the fibres in the core zone 3, whilst the surface layer 4 will also stiffen the structure In comparison with a wrapped 95 filter this form of construction permits greater radial permeation of gases to or from the core.
Fig 2 shows the manner in which the filter structure separates to exhibit sub 100 stantially coniform interfaces at the point of separation when subjected to tension.
It will be noted that the outer surface exhibits a slight convexity at 6 and terminates in a central tuft 7 The convex sur 105 face 6 and tuft 7 will be seen again on the coniform element 8 shown in Fig 3 The coniform element 8 also exhibits a recess 9 with which the convex surface 6 and tuft 7 of the next element are inter-felted 110 prior to parting of the element under tension.
The material appears to have a layering similar to the layering in paper which is not discernible to the eye or visual labora 115 tory investigation techniques and which can only be ascertained by separation processes.
It will be seen that the peripheral portions of the element 8 form zones 10 of 120 higher density, which together with similar zones of the other elements constitute the surface layer crust 4.
The cross-section of the filter shown in Fig 4 illustrates the manner in which the 125 surface layer crust 4 serves to encase the core layer 3.
Referring now to Figures 5, 6 and 7, the section shown in Figure 5 is cut from a filter rod formed from 100 % softwood sul 130 1 584 773 phate pulp sold by The Buckeye Corporation under the trade reference PV 5 The sections shown in Figures 6 and 7 are from filter rods formed from a pulp blend, 55 % being PV 5 and 45 % being esparto.
It will be understood that the degree of darkening of the beta radiographs is inversely proportional to the amount of beta ray transmission by the sections The darkening is therefore directly proportional to the density of the filter material and it can be clearly seen that a crust of greater density exists in each case.
The graphs forming Figures 8, 9 and 10 provide confirmation for the visual conclusions from Figures 5, 6 and 7 The graphs indicate that beta ray transmission is substantially greater in the central areas of each section indicating that the density of the fibre mass in the centre is less than at the periphery.
The filter may be formed from various fibrous materials, but preferably should have a proportion of stiff bulky fibres to provide a structural matrix, in combination with finer fibres to improve the filtration characteristics and strength Various loadings may also be added to modify the filtration characteristics.
For the stiff bulky fibres, it is preferred to use highly extracted alpha cellulose chemically bleached pulps containing a high degree of a summerwood, for example Southern pine Commercially available pulps of this kind are those sold by the Buckeye Corporation under the trade names PV 5 and HPZ or those sold by the Rayonier Corporation under the trade name Mersonnier and Ultranier.
For the fine fibres, it is preferred to include in the region of 40 % to 50 % of fibres having a high specific surface area Examples of such fibres are esparto, eucalyptus, and cotton It has also been found that it may be advantageous to remove certain fractions of the fibres in order to obtain an optimum balance of functional properties in the product As regards loadings, it has been found that the addition of up to 10 % kaolin or calcium carbonate gives an improvement in filtration efficiency Other mineral filters, such as diatomaceous earth, may also be used to improve the filtration of vapour phase components Activated carbon can also be included However, where loadings are added, it may be also desirable to include binders such as starch or wet strength resins as a stock addition to prevent fluffing occurring in the product.
The starch may be cationic or anionic, and the wet strength resins may, for example, be polyamine or polyethyleneimine Starch may alternatively be applied to the surface after formation of the rod.
It is also possible to include a proportion of any other suitable fibrous material for example synthetic fibres such as polyolefin fibres sold under the trade name SWP by Crown Zellerbach Corporation or under the trade name Pulpex by Solvay and Cie 70 Although the fibrous elements described above are for use as filters for smoking products, the material has other uses, such as filters for other materials, for example oil, and it can be used as an absorbent ele 75 ment Again it need not be made with a circular cross section, it could be square, hexagonal or any other convenient shape according to requirements.
Claims (18)
WHAT WE CLAIM IS:
1 A fibrous element comprising an elongated structure having a fibrous core with the fibres arranged in random orientation and which merges into an integral outer layer which is stiffer than said core 85 and which comprises the same fibrous material but with the fibres more closely packed to form a permeable fibrous crust of greater density to stiffen said core.
2 A fibrous element as claimed in ()O claim 1 in which a higher proportion of fibres in the surface layer are orientated lengthwise than in the core.
3 A fibrous element as claimed in claim 2, which when parted under tension 95 in a lengthwise direction exhibits substantially coniform interfaces at the point of separation.
4 A fibrous element as claimed in claim 3 in which the fibrous structure has a sub 100 stantially uniform integrity but contains coniform structures which define at theirf peripheries the fibrous crust.
A fibrous element in which a proportion of stiff bulky fibres are included to 1 ( 05 provide a structural matrix in combination with finer fibres to improve the filtration characteristics and strength.
6 A fibrous element as claimed in claim in which the stiff bulky fibres are highly 11 () extracted alpha cellulose chemically bleached pulps containing a high degree of summerwood.
7 A fibrous element as claimed in Claim 6 in which the fine fibres have a high 115 specific surface area.
8 A fibrous element as claimed in Claim 8 in which the fine fibres are taken from the group esparto, eucalyptus and cotton 120
9 A fibrous element as claimed in Claims 5 to 8 in which 40 % to 50 % of fine fibres are included.
A fibrous element as claimed in Claims 1 to 9 in which additions from the 125 group koalin, calcium carbonate, activated carbon and diatomaceous earth are included.
11 A fibrous element as claimed in Claim 10 in which a binder from the group 130 1 584773 starch and wet strength resins are included to prevent fluffing occurring during manufacture.
12 A fibrous element as claimed in Claim 11 in which the wet strength resins are from the group polyamine, and polyethylenimine.
13 A fibrous element as claimed in Claims 1 to 12 in which after formation the surface of the element is treated with starch.
14 A fibrous element as claimed in Claims 1 to 13 including a proportion of synthetic fibres or other fibrous material.
15 A fibrous element as claimed in Claim 14 in which the synthetic fibres are polyolefin fibres.
16 A fibrous element as claimed in any one of the proceeding claims which is in the form of a rod 20
17 A fibrous element as claimed in claims 1 to 16 which is shaped to form a filter for a smoking product.
18 A smoking product incorporating a filter as set forth in claim 17 25 19 A fibrous element substantially as described herein with reference to and as shown in the accompanying drawings.
For the Applicants G F REDFERN & CO.
High Holborn House 52/54 High Holborn London WCIV 6 RL.
Printed for Her Majesty’s Stationery Office by The Tweeddale Press Ltd, Berwick-upon-Tweed, 1981.
Published at the Patent Office, 25 Southampton Buildings, London, WC 2 A IAY, from which copies may be obtained.
GB32179/76A
1976-08-02
1976-08-02
Moulded fibrous materials
Expired
GB1584773A
(en)
Priority Applications (33)
Application Number
Priority Date
Filing Date
Title
GB32179/76A
GB1584773A
(en)
1976-08-02
1976-08-02
Moulded fibrous materials
DK326777A
DK326777A
(en)
1976-08-02
1977-07-19
SHAPED FIBER PRODUCT
ZA00774317A
ZA774317B
(en)
1976-08-02
1977-07-19
Improvements in moulded fibrous material
IE1516/77A
IE45530B1
(en)
1976-08-02
1977-07-20
Improvements in moulded fibrous materials
DE2732904A
DE2732904C3
(en)
1976-08-02
1977-07-21
Elongated filter
IN1132/CAL/77A
IN148174B
(en)
1976-08-02
1977-07-22
NZ184737A
NZ184737A
(en)
1976-08-02
1977-07-25
Cigarette filter surface layer of greater density than core
AU27363/77A
AU504929B2
(en)
1976-08-02
1977-07-27
Cigarette filter
FI772298A
FI62467C
(en)
1976-08-02
1977-07-27
FILTER
AT0546577A
AT364693B
(en)
1976-08-02
1977-07-27
Elongated, fibrous structure
CH932577A
CH618853A5
(en)
1976-08-02
1977-07-28
IT26367/77A
IT1143750B
(en)
1976-08-02
1977-07-29
FIBER STRUCTURE INCLUDING A CORE AND A STIFFING CRUST, ESPECIALLY FOR CIGARETTE FILTERS
CA283,838A
CA1083458A
(en)
1976-08-02
1977-07-29
Moulded fibrous materials
US05/820,387
US4149550A
(en)
1976-08-02
1977-07-29
Moulded fibrous material
ES1977230232U
ES230232Y
(en)
1976-08-02
1977-07-30
FIBROUS ELEMENT.
PT66876A
PT66876B
(en)
1976-08-02
1977-08-01
Improvements in moulded fibrous materials and application thereof to the manufacture of tobacco products
BE179827A
BE857379A
(en)
1976-08-02
1977-08-01
ELONGATED FIBROUS STRUCTURES.
LU77882A
LU77882A1
(en)
1976-08-02
1977-08-01
FR7723627A
FR2360269A1
(en)
1976-08-02
1977-08-01
FIBROUS MATERIALS PERFECTED MOLDS
RO7791233A
RO78341A
(en)
1976-08-02
1977-08-01
ELEMENT FIBROS
NL7708472A
NL7708472A
(en)
1976-08-02
1977-08-01
LONG-TERM FIBER STRUCTURE.
DD7700200372A
DD132840A5
(en)
1976-08-02
1977-08-01
FIBER ELEMENT
CS775079A
CS201004B2
(en)
1976-08-02
1977-08-01
Fibrous element
GR54071A
GR63347B
(en)
1976-08-02
1977-08-01
Improvements in moulded fibrous materials
NO772720A
NO146010C
(en)
1976-08-02
1977-08-01
FIBER MATERIAL FILTER OR ABSORPTION
SE7708755A
SE436167B
(en)
1976-08-02
1977-08-01
FILTER ELEMENT CONSISTING OF A FIBROS CORE AND A FIBROST COVERAGE WHICH IS STUFFER A CORE
HU77WI289A
HU176908B
(en)
1976-08-02
1977-08-01
Oblong fibrous filter or absorbing member particularly for filter cigarettes
AR268657A
AR216771A1
(en)
1976-08-02
1977-08-02
FIBROUS ELEMENT SUITABLE FOR USE AS A CIGARETTE FILTER
TR19967A
TR19967A
(en)
1976-08-02
1977-08-02
MOLDING IN MOLDED LIFI MATERIALS
SU772508654A
SU849982A3
(en)
1976-08-02
1977-08-02
Filter for tobacco articles
JP52093297A
JPS599150B2
(en)
1976-08-02
1977-08-02
Fiber element for filter
PL1977200013A
PL108513B1
(en)
1976-08-02
1977-08-02
Fibrous filter,especially for cigarettes
BG7737066A
BG28037A3
(en)
1976-08-02
1977-08-02
Prolonged filter
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number
Priority Date
Filing Date
Title
GB32179/76A
GB1584773A
(en)
1976-08-02
1976-08-02
Moulded fibrous materials
Publications (1)
Publication Number
Publication Date
GB1584773A
true
GB1584773A
(en)
1981-02-18
Family
ID=10334524
Family Applications (1)
Application Number
Title
Priority Date
Filing Date
GB32179/76A
Expired
GB1584773A
(en)
1976-08-02
1976-08-02
Moulded fibrous materials
Country Status (33)
Country
Link
US
(1)
US4149550A
(en)
JP
(1)
JPS599150B2
(en)
AR
(1)
AR216771A1
(en)
AT
(1)
AT364693B
(en)
AU
(1)
AU504929B2
(en)
BE
(1)
BE857379A
(en)
BG
(1)
BG28037A3
(en)
CA
(1)
CA1083458A
(en)
CH
(1)
CH618853A5
(en)
CS
(1)
CS201004B2
(en)
DD
(1)
DD132840A5
(en)
DE
(1)
DE2732904C3
(en)
DK
(1)
DK326777A
(en)
ES
(1)
ES230232Y
(en)
FI
(1)
FI62467C
(en)
FR
(1)
FR2360269A1
(en)
GB
(1)
GB1584773A
(en)
GR
(1)
GR63347B
(en)
HU
(1)
HU176908B
(en)
IE
(1)
IE45530B1
(en)
IN
(1)
IN148174B
(en)
IT
(1)
IT1143750B
(en)
LU
(1)
LU77882A1
(en)
NL
(1)
NL7708472A
(en)
NO
(1)
NO146010C
(en)
NZ
(1)
NZ184737A
(en)
PL
(1)
PL108513B1
(en)
PT
(1)
PT66876B
(en)
RO
(1)
RO78341A
(en)
SE
(1)
SE436167B
(en)
SU
(1)
SU849982A3
(en)
TR
(1)
TR19967A
(en)
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(1)
ZA774317B
(en)
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Publication number
Priority date
Publication date
Assignee
Title
GB2183138A
(en)
*
1985-11-25
1987-06-03
Gd Spa
Ventilated cigarette of uniform flavour
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Eastman Kodak Company
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1979-04-12
1980-10-22
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Plug for tobacco filter
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1985-10-31
H.F. & Ph.F. Reemtsma Gmbh & Co, 2000 Hamburg
Ventilated filter cigarette with a groove filter
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1987-07-01
1991-01-15
The Procter & Gamble Cellulose Company
Cellulose fiber-reinforced structure
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1988-08-24
1990-03-13
Hercules Incorporated
Method of increasing the hardness of cigarette filter elements
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1988-11-16
Rothmans Int Tobacco
Cigarette filter rod elements & cigarettes incorporating such filter rod elements
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1990-08-24
1998-05-05
Philip Morris Incorporated
Concentric smoking filter having discrete tow and web filter media
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1992-08-11
1997-08-26
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Cementitious materials for use in packaging containers and their methods of manufacture
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Starch-based compositions having uniformly dispersed fibers used to manufacture high strength articles having a fiber-reinforced, starch-bound cellular matrix
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1992-08-11
1996-12-10
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Methods for the manufacture of sheets having a highly inorganically filled organic polymer matrix
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Hinges for highly inorganically filled composite materials
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Methods for manufacturing articles from sheets having a highly inorganically filled organic polymer matrix
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Methods of molding articles having an inorganically filled organic polymer matrix
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1996-12-03
E. Khashoggi Industries
Food and beverage containers made from inorganic aggregates and polysaccharide, protein, or synthetic organic binders, and the methods of manufacturing such containers
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1998-01-20
E. Khashoggi Industries
Methods for manufacturing articles having a starch-bound cellular matrix
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1992-08-11
1996-04-09
E. Khashoggi Industries
Articles of manufacture fashioned from sheets having a highly inorganically filled organic polymer matrix
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Molded articles having an inorganically filled organic polymer matrix
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1992-08-11
1997-08-19
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Systems for molding articles having an inorganically filled organic polymer matrix
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1992-08-11
1998-07-21
E. Khashoggi Industries
Method for manufacturing articles having inorganically filled, starch-bound cellular matrix
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1992-08-11
1999-07-27
E. Khashoggi Industries, Llc
Laminated articles of manufacture fashioned from sheets having a highly inorganically filled organic polymer matrix
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1992-08-11
1997-09-02
E. Khashoggi Industries
Compositions for manufacturing fiber-reinforced, starch-bound articles having a foamed cellular matrix
US5716675A
(en)
*
1992-11-25
1998-02-10
E. Khashoggi Industries
Methods for treating the surface of starch-based articles with glycerin
DK169728B1
(en)
1993-02-02
1995-01-23
Stein Gaasland
Process for releasing cellulose-based fibers from each other in water and molding for plastic molding of cellulosic fiber products
US5738921A
(en)
1993-08-10
1998-04-14
E. Khashoggi Industries, Llc
Compositions and methods for manufacturing sealable, liquid-tight containers comprising an inorganically filled matrix
US6083586A
(en)
*
1993-11-19
2000-07-04
E. Khashoggi Industries, Llc
Sheets having a starch-based binding matrix
US5736209A
(en)
*
1993-11-19
1998-04-07
E. Kashoggi, Industries, Llc
Compositions having a high ungelatinized starch content and sheets molded therefrom
US5843544A
(en)
*
1994-02-07
1998-12-01
E. Khashoggi Industries
Articles which include a hinged starch-bound cellular matrix
US5776388A
(en)
*
1994-02-07
1998-07-07
E. Khashoggi Industries, Llc
Methods for molding articles which include a hinged starch-bound cellular matrix
US5705203A
(en)
*
1994-02-07
1998-01-06
E. Khashoggi Industries
Systems for molding articles which include a hinged starch-bound cellular matrix
US6168857B1
(en)
1996-04-09
2001-01-02
E. Khashoggi Industries, Llc
Compositions and methods for manufacturing starch-based compositions
US6779529B2
(en)
*
2001-08-01
2004-08-24
Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corporation
Cigarette filter
US20030066539A1
(en)
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2001-08-01
2003-04-10
Figlar James N.
Cigarette Filter
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(en)
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2002-11-15
2009-01-13
3M Innovative Properties Company
Fibrous nonwoven web
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2006-03-31
2015-01-06
Philip Morris Usa Inc.
Banded papers, smoking articles and methods
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2009-07-30
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Philip Morris Usa Inc.
Banded paper, smoking article and method
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(en)
2010-12-13
2023-07-25
Altria Client Services Llc
Process of preparing printing solution and making patterned cigarette wrapper
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(en)
2010-12-13
2016-01-13
奥驰亚客户服务公司
Process of preparing printing solution and making patterned cigarette wrappers
JP6091494B2
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2017-03-08
アルトリア クライアント サービシーズ エルエルシー
Alternating pattern of cigarette packaging, smoking article, and method
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2015-09-25
Altria Client Services Inc
Cigarette wrapper with novel pattern.
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Altria Client Services Inc.
Cigarette wrapper with novel pattern
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Altria Client Services Inc
Innovative cigarette wrap with open area bands
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红塔烟草(集团)有限责任公司
Cigarette with filling body at joint of cigarette filter tip and cut tobacco
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2017-06-16
2021-10-29
安康集团有限公司
Tobacco product
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2022-07-29
菲利普莫里斯生产公司
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Method and apparatus for forming continuous filament filter rods
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1976
1976-08-02
GB
GB32179/76A
patent/GB1584773A/en
not_active
Expired
1977
1977-07-19
DK
DK326777A
patent/DK326777A/en
not_active
Application Discontinuation
1977-07-19
ZA
ZA00774317A
patent/ZA774317B/en
unknown
1977-07-20
IE
IE1516/77A
patent/IE45530B1/en
unknown
1977-07-21
DE
DE2732904A
patent/DE2732904C3/en
not_active
Expired
1977-07-22
IN
IN1132/CAL/77A
patent/IN148174B/en
unknown
1977-07-25
NZ
NZ184737A
patent/NZ184737A/en
unknown
1977-07-27
AU
AU27363/77A
patent/AU504929B2/en
not_active
Expired
1977-07-27
FI
FI772298A
patent/FI62467C/en
not_active
IP Right Cessation
1977-07-27
AT
AT0546577A
patent/AT364693B/en
not_active
IP Right Cessation
1977-07-28
CH
CH932577A
patent/CH618853A5/fr
not_active
IP Right Cessation
1977-07-29
IT
IT26367/77A
patent/IT1143750B/en
active
1977-07-29
US
US05/820,387
patent/US4149550A/en
not_active
Expired – Lifetime
1977-07-29
CA
CA283,838A
patent/CA1083458A/en
not_active
Expired
1977-07-30
ES
ES1977230232U
patent/ES230232Y/en
not_active
Expired
1977-08-01
SE
SE7708755A
patent/SE436167B/en
not_active
IP Right Cessation
1977-08-01
DD
DD7700200372A
patent/DD132840A5/en
unknown
1977-08-01
PT
PT66876A
patent/PT66876B/en
unknown
1977-08-01
BE
BE179827A
patent/BE857379A/en
not_active
IP Right Cessation
1977-08-01
CS
CS775079A
patent/CS201004B2/en
unknown
1977-08-01
GR
GR54071A
patent/GR63347B/en
unknown
1977-08-01
LU
LU77882A
patent/LU77882A1/xx
unknown
1977-08-01
FR
FR7723627A
patent/FR2360269A1/en
active
Granted
1977-08-01
HU
HU77WI289A
patent/HU176908B/en
unknown
1977-08-01
RO
RO7791233A
patent/RO78341A/en
unknown
1977-08-01
NO
NO772720A
patent/NO146010C/en
unknown
1977-08-01
NL
NL7708472A
patent/NL7708472A/en
not_active
Application Discontinuation
1977-08-02
JP
JP52093297A
patent/JPS599150B2/en
not_active
Expired
1977-08-02
AR
AR268657A
patent/AR216771A1/en
active
1977-08-02
SU
SU772508654A
patent/SU849982A3/en
active
1977-08-02
TR
TR19967A
patent/TR19967A/en
unknown
1977-08-02
PL
PL1977200013A
patent/PL108513B1/en
unknown
1977-08-02
BG
BG7737066A
patent/BG28037A3/en
unknown
Cited By (2)
* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number
Priority date
Publication date
Assignee
Title
GB2183138A
(en)
*
1985-11-25
1987-06-03
Gd Spa
Ventilated cigarette of uniform flavour
GB2183138B
(en)
*
1985-11-25
1989-10-04
Gd Spa
Ventilated cigarette of uniform flavour
Also Published As
Publication number
Publication date
JPS5338699A
(en)
1978-04-08
RO78341A
(en)
1982-02-26
TR19967A
(en)
1980-06-02
DE2732904C3
(en)
1981-06-04
ZA774317B
(en)
1978-06-28
IT1143750B
(en)
1986-10-22
US4149550A
(en)
1979-04-17
SE7708755L
(en)
1978-02-03
CS201004B2
(en)
1980-10-31
NO146010C
(en)
1982-07-14
DE2732904A1
(en)
1978-02-09
FI772298A
(en)
1978-02-03
DE2732904B2
(en)
1980-09-25
SE436167B
(en)
1984-11-19
DD132840A5
(en)
1978-11-15
AU504929B2
(en)
1979-11-01
AR216771A1
(en)
1980-01-31
FR2360269A1
(en)
1978-03-03
HU176908B
(en)
1981-05-28
PL108513B1
(en)
1980-04-30
NZ184737A
(en)
1981-01-23
AT364693B
(en)
1981-11-10
IN148174B
(en)
1980-11-22
IE45530B1
(en)
1982-09-22
AU2736377A
(en)
1979-02-01
FI62467C
(en)
1983-01-10
LU77882A1
(en)
1977-11-22
IE45530L
(en)
1978-02-02
ES230232U
(en)
1977-12-16
DK326777A
(en)
1978-02-03
PT66876A
(en)
1977-09-01
PT66876B
(en)
1979-01-23
FR2360269B1
(en)
1984-01-27
NO146010B
(en)
1982-04-05
ATA546577A
(en)
1981-04-15
BG28037A3
(en)
1980-02-25
CH618853A5
(en)
1980-08-29
FI62467B
(en)
1982-09-30
CA1083458A
(en)
1980-08-12
SU849982A3
(en)
1981-07-23
JPS599150B2
(en)
1984-02-29
PL200013A1
(en)
1978-04-10
NO772720L
(en)
1978-02-03
NL7708472A
(en)
1978-02-06
ES230232Y
(en)
1978-04-16
GR63347B
(en)
1979-10-20
BE857379A
(en)
1977-12-01
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Legal Events
Date
Code
Title
Description
1981-05-07
PS
Patent sealed [section 19, patents act 1949]
1988-03-23
PCNP
Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee
