GB1586427A – Building block
– Google Patents
GB1586427A – Building block
– Google Patents
Building block
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Publication number
GB1586427A
GB1586427A
GB1989578A
GB1989578A
GB1586427A
GB 1586427 A
GB1586427 A
GB 1586427A
GB 1989578 A
GB1989578 A
GB 1989578A
GB 1989578 A
GB1989578 A
GB 1989578A
GB 1586427 A
GB1586427 A
GB 1586427A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
block
webs
web
cavity
figures
Prior art date
1977-09-16
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB1989578A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CLONDALKIN CONCRETE Ltd
Original Assignee
CLONDALKIN CONCRETE Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
1977-09-16
Filing date
1978-05-16
Publication date
1981-03-18
1978-05-16
Application filed by CLONDALKIN CONCRETE Ltd
filed
Critical
CLONDALKIN CONCRETE Ltd
1981-03-18
Publication of GB1586427A
publication
Critical
patent/GB1586427A/en
Status
Expired
legal-status
Critical
Current
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Classifications
E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
E04—BUILDING
E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
Description
(54) A BUILDING BLOCK
(71) We, CLONDALKIN CON
CRETE LIMITED, a Company of the Irish
Republic of Clondalkin, County Dublin,
Republic of Ireland do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement:
This invention relates to building blocks, and in particular to those of concrete.
Blocklaying is a strenous job. The labour involved, and the cost of the blocks themselves, are significant contributors to overall building costs. Both of these factors may be controlled to a great extent by controlling the weight of the ingredients for a given size or volume of block, i.e. controlling the density of the block. It is desirable to make a block of the lowest density consistent with the compressive strength required ot the block in the finished building. and consistent with the structural soundness of the block itself in stacking, storage. transport and handling.
For this purpose it is well known to make a building block having voids. the voids being desirably so disposed as to reduce as little as possible the several kinds of strength required in the block. Thus there are many known designs of hollow block. An object of the present invention is the provision of an improved design of hollow block.
Building blocks are normally oblongs, and by convention are laid horizontally disposed in horizontal courses. Thus one may speak of the top. the bottom and the two ends of a block. all normallv concealed in the masonrv. and of the front and the rear. which are normallv exposed in walls of single-block thickness unless or until rendered. These terms will be used hereinafter.
both as names for the various block faces and to qualify the corresponding webs of solid block material when a cavity underlies a face.
A common hollow block type comprises front, rear and two ends of concrete, with little or no top or bottom. This type has good compressive strength in the vertical dimension in use, but is rather vulnerable to horizontal stresses and shocks. It is also known to bridge the cavity in such a block with an extra, internal web parallel to the ends. This improves the horizontal stress resistance but adds significantly to the weight.
It is also known to make a hollow block wherein the cavity runs horizontally, the ends being open. Top and bottom, in the isolated block of this type, are indistinguishable from front and rear, all four being webs of similar thickness. Thus the block is equally strong in the vertical and horizontal dimensions. It is a second object of this invention to provide a hollow block having a horizontal cavity, but of different compressive strengths in the vertical and horizontal dimensions in use, whereby a saving in material and hence in weight and cost, is effected. A further object is to provide means whereby the accidental interchange of the intended front-to-rear and vertical dimensions may be easilv avoided during blocklaying. or detected in the laid block should it occur.
The invention accordingly provides a hollow building block having a longitudinal cavity which block comprises front and rear webs of a first thickness and top and bottom webs of a second and lesser thickness. the top and bottom webs being inset from the top and bottom edges respectively of the front and rear webs to form a longitudinal open channel in the top and another in the bottom of the block. the depth df each open channel lying between ().()5 and ().20 times the height in use of the block. A preferred range for the depth of each open channel is ().0cm to 0.11 times the height in use of the block. The open channels in a block may be of the same depth, or of different depths.
There are two versions of the invented building block, namely a standard version having no end webs (i.e. a longitudinal cavity running right through) and a wall terminating version having one end web of length and breadth substantially equal to the height in use and the thickness in use of the block. The latter version is intended for use at cornets or the ends of walls, wherever a course of blocks comes to an end, but an exposed cavity is unwanted. It will be appreciated that the end web terminates not only the internal cavity but the top and bottom channels as well.
When a block according to the invention is laid upon a course of its fellows, the bottom channel thereof forms a cover for the top channel(s) of the block or blocks upon which it is laid. The effect, inside a wall built from the invented blocks, is that horizontal channels, formed from end-toend positioning of the block cavities proper, alternate in vertical success with shallower horizontal channels each formed from the superposition of the bottom channels of a course of blocks upon the top channels of the course immediately below. Mortar, of course, is applied to the edges only of the front and rear webs of the blocks. and does not, except by accident or surplusage, occupy the channels or the block cavities.
It might be thought that a more even distribution of voids within the finished wall would result if the invented block were redesigned so that the combined depth of the top and bottom channels, plus the thickness of a layer of mortar, were made to equal the depth in use of the block cavity.
But this embodiment would result in a block with unacceptably fragile corners. owing to the increased projection of the flanges formed by the front and rear webs outwardly of the top and bottom webs. The scope of the invention therefore extends close to the latter embodiment in the 0.2 limit aforesaid.
without actually encompassing the embodiment.
The block of the invention. as stated above, has front and rear webs which are thicker than the top and bottom webs. since the front and rear webs are called upon to support the weight of superposed masonry, whereas the top and bottom webs have merelv to resist lateral stresses. and these are rinimal in a well built wall. It is therefore important that each block be laid correctly. i.e. with the front and rear webs vertically. as distinct from horizontally. dis posed. The top and bottom faces are instantlv recognisable hy the channels therein.
whereas the front and rear faces are quite plain. or bear at the most a decorative relief of some kind. Thus a blocklaver cannot unintentionally interchange the front and rear with the top and bottom of a block and lay it incorrectly. Should such incorrect placement occur for any reason, the error is instantly detectable in the finished wall in the face of which one or more block tops, with channels, will be apparent.
In a preferred embodiment, applicable to both versions of the invented block described above, at least one of the webs of lesser thickness stops short of one end of the block, (not having an end web at that end) by a distance sufficient to accommodate the fingers of one of the blocklayer’s hands when he is grasping the block by that web with that hand. In laying a block thus grasped, the blocklayer is protected against pinching his fingers against the block last laid, by the consequent shielding projection of the front and rear webs of the held block.
Thus greater laying speeds are attainable.
Both the top and the bottom web may be similarly treated, thus rendering the block symmetrical about a horizontal axis, with top and bottom being interchangeable, assuming the top and bottom channels are of equal depth. In this case the top and bottom webs may stop short of one and the same end of the block in similar manner, or they may stop short of opposite ends of the block in similar manner.
It will be appreciated that the invented block (apart from the handgrip facility just described) is a complex parallelepiped having a constant cross-section. It is therefore eminently suitable for manufacture on a large scale by conventional «egg-laying» block making machines in which the moulded mass is ejected downwardly and must slide unimpeded in that direction from the mould. A mould for moulding the invented block in that manner is also provided by the invention.
The invention will be appreciated in greater detail from the following description of an embodiment thereof, given by way of example only. in both versions referred to above. with reference to the accompanying drawings. in which: Figirr-e I comprises two perspective views of a standard version concrete building block. one taken from either end thereof: Figttre 2 comprises, reading downwardly, a side elevation. plan and end elevation of the concrete block of Figure 1: Figltre 3 comprises two perspective views of a wall terminating version concrete block, one taken from each end: and Figure 4 represents. reading downwardly, a side elevation. plan and two end elevations of the concrete block of Figure 3.
Referring now to the drawings, and in particular to Figures 1 and 2. a concrete building block comprises a front web l. a rear web 2. a top web 3 and a bottom web 4 defining between them a cavity 5 which runs right through the block.
The top web 3 and bottom web 4 are inset between the front and rear webs 1, 2 forming a top channel 6 and a. bottom channel 7. The front and rear webs 1, 2 are substantially thicker than the top and bottom webs 3, 4. The cross-section of the cavity 5 is square, as is the overall crosssection of the block neglecting the channels 6, 7.
The top and bottom webs 3, 4 terminate flush with the right-hand end R of the block, and short of the left-hand end L thereof, by a distance d sufficient to protect the fingers of the blocklayer’s left hand grasping the top web 3, when the left-hand end L of the block is forcibly abutted against a flat surface.
The block has a standard weight of 25 kg.
Its height and breadth are each 215 mm., and the cross-section of the cavity 5 is 120 mm, sq. The thickness of the vertical webs 1, 2 is 50 mm., and of the horizontal webs 3, 4 30 mm. The overall length of the block is 440 mm. The depth of the channels 6, 7 is 17.5 mm. The distance d is 20 mm.
Referring now to Figures 3 and 4 in which the same reference numerals refer to the same component parts as in Figures 1 and 2, a wall terminating version of the block of
Figures 1 and 2 is shown, whose sole difference from that block is the presence of an end web or wall 8.
WHAT WE CLAIM IS:
1. A hollow building block having a longitudinal cavity which block comprises front and rear webs of a first thickness and top and bottom webs of a second and lesser thickness, the top and bottom webs being inset from the top and bottom edges respectively of the front and rear webs to form a longitudinal open channel in the top and another in the bottom of the block. the depth of each open channel lying between 0.05 and 0.20 times the height in use of the block.
2. A block as claimed in claim 1 in which the depth of each open channel lies between 0.08 and O. 11 times the height in use of the block.
3. A block as claimed in claim 1 or 2 in which the two open channels are of the same depth.
4. A block as claimed in any of claims 1-3 for use at corners or wall ends. having in addition to the recited webs one end web of length and breadth substantially equal to the height in use and the thickness in use of the block.
5. A block as claimed in any of claims 1-4 in which at least one of the webs of lesser thickness stops short of one end of the block (not having an end web at that end) by a distance sufficient to accommodate the fingers of one of the blocklayer’s hands when he is grasping the block by that web with that hand.
6. A block as claimed in claim 5 in which the top and bottom webs stop short of one and the same end of the block in similar manner.
7. A block as claimed in claim 5 as dependent on any of claims 1-3 in which the top and bottom webs stop short of opposite ends of the block in similar manner.
8. A hollow building block having a longitudinal cavity, substantially as herein described with reference to or as illustrated in Figures 1 and 2, or Figures 3 and 4, of the accompanying drawings.
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.
Claims (8)
**WARNING** start of CLMS field may overlap end of DESC **. defining between them a cavity 5 which runs right through the block. The top web 3 and bottom web 4 are inset between the front and rear webs 1, 2 forming a top channel 6 and a. bottom channel 7. The front and rear webs 1, 2 are substantially thicker than the top and bottom webs 3, 4. The cross-section of the cavity 5 is square, as is the overall crosssection of the block neglecting the channels 6, 7. The top and bottom webs 3, 4 terminate flush with the right-hand end R of the block, and short of the left-hand end L thereof, by a distance d sufficient to protect the fingers of the blocklayer’s left hand grasping the top web 3, when the left-hand end L of the block is forcibly abutted against a flat surface. The block has a standard weight of 25 kg. Its height and breadth are each 215 mm., and the cross-section of the cavity 5 is 120 mm, sq. The thickness of the vertical webs 1, 2 is 50 mm., and of the horizontal webs 3, 4 30 mm. The overall length of the block is 440 mm. The depth of the channels 6, 7 is 17.5 mm. The distance d is 20 mm. Referring now to Figures 3 and 4 in which the same reference numerals refer to the same component parts as in Figures 1 and 2, a wall terminating version of the block of Figures 1 and 2 is shown, whose sole difference from that block is the presence of an end web or wall 8. WHAT WE CLAIM IS:
1. A hollow building block having a longitudinal cavity which block comprises front and rear webs of a first thickness and top and bottom webs of a second and lesser thickness, the top and bottom webs being inset from the top and bottom edges respectively of the front and rear webs to form a longitudinal open channel in the top and another in the bottom of the block. the depth of each open channel lying between 0.05 and 0.20 times the height in use of the block.
2. A block as claimed in claim 1 in which the depth of each open channel lies between 0.08 and O. 11 times the height in use of the block.
3. A block as claimed in claim 1 or 2 in which the two open channels are of the same depth.
4. A block as claimed in any of claims 1-3 for use at corners or wall ends. having in addition to the recited webs one end web of length and breadth substantially equal to the height in use and the thickness in use of the block.
5. A block as claimed in any of claims 1-4 in which at least one of the webs of lesser thickness stops short of one end of the block (not having an end web at that end) by a distance sufficient to accommodate the fingers of one of the blocklayer’s hands when he is grasping the block by that web with that hand.
6. A block as claimed in claim 5 in which the top and bottom webs stop short of one and the same end of the block in similar manner.
7. A block as claimed in claim 5 as dependent on any of claims 1-3 in which the top and bottom webs stop short of opposite ends of the block in similar manner.
8. A hollow building block having a longitudinal cavity, substantially as herein described with reference to or as illustrated in Figures 1 and 2, or Figures 3 and 4, of the accompanying drawings.
GB1989578A
1977-09-16
1978-05-16
Building block
Expired
GB1586427A
(en)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number
Priority Date
Filing Date
Title
IE190177A
IE771901L
(en)
1977-09-16
1977-09-16
Building block
Publications (1)
Publication Number
Publication Date
GB1586427A
true
GB1586427A
(en)
1981-03-18
Family
ID=11031569
Family Applications (1)
Application Number
Title
Priority Date
Filing Date
GB1989578A
Expired
GB1586427A
(en)
1977-09-16
1978-05-16
Building block
Country Status (2)
Country
Link
GB
(1)
GB1586427A
(en)
IE
(1)
IE771901L
(en)
Cited By (3)
* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number
Priority date
Publication date
Assignee
Title
GB2133056A
(en)
*
1982-12-31
1984-07-18
Evans Bay Timber Co Ltd
Improvements in and/or relating to cribwalling
GB2156872A
(en)
*
1984-02-14
1985-10-16
Polyol Services S A
Rectangular building block having channels in side edges; connecting such blocks by longitudinal member in channels
US4664562A
(en)
*
1980-10-30
1987-05-12
Clark Erin C
Cribwalling
1977
1977-09-16
IE
IE190177A
patent/IE771901L/en
unknown
1978
1978-05-16
GB
GB1989578A
patent/GB1586427A/en
not_active
Expired
Cited By (3)
* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number
Priority date
Publication date
Assignee
Title
US4664562A
(en)
*
1980-10-30
1987-05-12
Clark Erin C
Cribwalling
GB2133056A
(en)
*
1982-12-31
1984-07-18
Evans Bay Timber Co Ltd
Improvements in and/or relating to cribwalling
GB2156872A
(en)
*
1984-02-14
1985-10-16
Polyol Services S A
Rectangular building block having channels in side edges; connecting such blocks by longitudinal member in channels
Also Published As
Publication number
Publication date
IE771901L
(en)
1979-03-16
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Legal Events
Date
Code
Title
Description
1981-12-02
CSNS
Application of which complete specification have been accepted and published, but patent is not sealed
