GB2031434A – Synthesis of a eucaryotic protein by amicroorganism
– Google Patents
GB2031434A – Synthesis of a eucaryotic protein by amicroorganism
– Google Patents
Synthesis of a eucaryotic protein by amicroorganism
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Publication number
GB2031434A
GB2031434A
GB7928156A
GB7928156A
GB2031434A
GB 2031434 A
GB2031434 A
GB 2031434A
GB 7928156 A
GB7928156 A
GB 7928156A
GB 7928156 A
GB7928156 A
GB 7928156A
GB 2031434 A
GB2031434 A
GB 2031434A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
gene
eucaryotic
transfer vector
protein
microorganism
Prior art date
1978-08-11
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB7928156A
Other versions
GB2031434B
(en
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
University of California
Original Assignee
University of California
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
1978-08-11
Filing date
1979-08-13
Publication date
1980-04-23
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1979-08-13
Application filed by University of California
filed
Critical
University of California
1980-04-23
Publication of GB2031434A
publication
Critical
patent/GB2031434A/en
1983-03-02
Application granted
granted
Critical
1983-03-02
Publication of GB2031434B
publication
Critical
patent/GB2031434B/en
Status
Expired
legal-status
Critical
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Classifications
C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
C07K—PEPTIDES
C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
C07K14/575—Hormones
C07K14/62—Insulins
C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
C07K—PEPTIDES
C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
C07K14/575—Hormones
C07K14/61—Growth hormones [GH] (Somatotropin)
C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
C07K—PEPTIDES
C07K2319/00—Fusion polypeptide
C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
C07K—PEPTIDES
C07K2319/00—Fusion polypeptide
C07K2319/70—Fusion polypeptide containing domain for protein-protein interaction
C07K2319/74—Fusion polypeptide containing domain for protein-protein interaction containing a fusion for binding to a cell surface receptor
C07K2319/75—Fusion polypeptide containing domain for protein-protein interaction containing a fusion for binding to a cell surface receptor containing a fusion for activation of a cell surface receptor, e.g. thrombopoeitin, NPY and other peptide hormones
Description
1
GB2 031434A 1
SPECIFICATION
Synthesis of a eucaryotic protein by a microorganism
5 The following applications are incorporated herein by reference: Serial No. 897,709, filed April 5 19, 1978, Serial No. 897,710, filed April 19, 1978 and Serial No. 898,887, filed April 21,
1978.
The Government has rights in this invention pursuant to Grants No. AM-21 344, CA-14026 and AM-19997 awarded by the Department of Health, Education and Welfare. 10 10
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Developments in recombinant DNA technology have made it possible to isolate specific genes or portions thereof from higher organisms, such as man and other mammals, and to transfer the genes or fragments to a microorganism species, such as bacteria or yeast. The transferred gene 15 is replicated and propagated as the transformed microorganism replicates. As a result, the 15
transformed microorganism may become endowed with the capacity to make whatever protein the gene or fragment encodes, whether it be an enzyme, a hormone, an antigen or an antibody, or a portion thereof. The microorganism passes on this capability to its progeny, so that in effect, the transfer has resulted in a new strain, having the described capability. See, for 20 example, Ullrich, A. et al., Science 196, 1313 (1977), and Seeburg, P.H., et al., Nature 270, 20 486 (1977). A basic fact underlying the application of this technology for practical purposes is that DNA of all living organisms, from microbes to man, is chemically similar, being composed of the same four nucleotides. The significant differences lie in the sequence of these nucleotides in the polymeric DNA molcule. The nucleotide sequences are used to specify the amino acid 25 sequences of proteins that comprise the organism. Although most of the proteins of different 25 organisms differ from each other, the coding relationship between nucleotide sequence and amino acid sequence is fundamentally the same for all organisms. For example, the same nucleotide sequence which codes for the amino acid sequence of growth hormone in human pituitary cells, will, when transferred to a microorganism, be recognized as coding for the same 30 amino acid sequence. 30
Abbreviations used herein are given in Table 1.
Table 1
DNA—deoxyribonucleic acid
A—Adenine T—Thymine G—Guanine C—Cytosine U—Uracil Tris—2-amino-2-hydroxyethyl-1 3,propanediol EDTA—ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid ATP—adenosine triphosphate TTP—thymidine tri-
35 RNA—ribonucleic acid cDNA—complementary DNA
35
(enzymatically synthesized from an mRNA sequence) mRNA—messenger RNA
40 dATP—deoxyadenosine tri-
40
phosphate dGTP—deoxyguanosine triphosphate dCTP—deoxycytidine tri-
45 phosphate
HCS—Human chorionic soma-
45
tomammotropin TCA—Trichloroacetic acid HGH—Human growth hormone phosphate RGH—Rat growth hormone
50
50
The coding relationships between nucleotide sequence in DNA and amino acid sequence in protein are collectively known as the genetic code, shown in Table 2.
2
GB2 031 434A 2
Table 2 Genetic Code
Phenylalanine (Phe)
TTK
Histidine (His)
CAK
5
Leucine (Leu)
XTY
Glutamine (Gin)
CAJ
5
Isoleucine (lie)
ATM
Asparagine (Asn)
AAK
Methionine (Met)
ATG
Lysine (Lys)
AAJ
Valine (Val)
GTL
Aspartic acid (Asp)
GAK
Serine (Ser)
QRS
Glutamic acid (Glu)
GAJ
10
Proline (Pro)
CCL
Cysteine (Cys)
TGK
10
Threonine (Thr) ,
ACL
Tryptophan (Try)
TGG
Alanine (Ala)
GCL
Arginine (Arg)
WGZ
Tyrosine
